杓唇石斛Dendrobium moschatum
中文名（Chinese Name）：杓唇石斛
学名（Scientific Name）：Dendrobium moschatum (Buch.-Ham.) Sw.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Epidendrum moschatum Buch.-Ham. Thicuania moschata (Buch.-Ham.) Raf. Callista calceola (Carey ex Hook.) Kuntze Cymbidium moschatum (Buch.-Ham.) Willd. Dendrobium calceolaria Carey ex Hook. Dendrobium cupreum Herb. ex Lindl. Dendrobium moschatum var. unguipetalum I.Barua Callista calceolaria (Carey ex Hook.) Kuntze Dendrobium moschatum var. cupreum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）石斛属
形态特征（Description）：茎粗状，质地较硬，直立，圆柱形，长达1米，粗6-8毫米，不分枝，具多节，节间长约3厘米。叶革质，二列；互生于茎的上部，长圆形至卵状披针形，长10-15厘米，宽1.5-3厘米，先端渐尖或不等侧2裂，基部具紧抱于茎的纸质鞘。总状花序出自去年生具叶或落了叶的茎近端，下垂，长约20厘米，疏生数至10余朵花；花序柄长约5厘米，基部具4枚套迭的杯状鞘；花苞片革质，长圆形，长12-20毫米，宽3-5毫米，先端钝；花梗和子房长达5厘米；花深黄色，白天开放，晚间闭合，质地薄；中萼片长圆形，长约2.4-3.5厘米，宽1.1-1.4厘米，先端钝，具6-7条脉；侧萼片长圆形，长2.4-3.5厘米，宽9-10毫米，先端稍锐尖，具5条脉，基部稍歪斜；萼囊圆锥形，短而宽，长约6毫米；花瓣斜宽卵形，长2.6-3.5厘米，宽1.7-2.3厘米，先端钝，具7条脉；唇瓣圆形，边缘内卷而形成杓状，长2.4厘米，宽约2.2厘米，上面密被短柔毛，下面无毛，唇盘基部两侧各具1个浅紫褐色的斑块；蕊柱黄色，长约4毫米，具长约4毫米的蕊柱足；药帽紫色，圆锥形，上面光滑，前端边缘具不整齐的细齿。花期4-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南。生于海拔达1 300米的疏林中树干上。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 370, 384, 385
Dendrobium moschatum (Buchanan-Hamilton) Swartz, Neues J. Bot. 1: 94. 1805.
杓唇石斛 shao chun shi hu| Orchidaceae | Dendrobium
Epidendrum moschatum Buchanan-Hamilton in Symes, Embassy Ava, 478. 1800; Callista calceolaria (Carey ex Hooker) Kuntze; C. moschata (Buchanan-Hamilton) Kuntze; Cymbidium moschatum (Buchanan-Hamilton) Willdenow; Dendrobium calceolaria Carey ex Hooker; D. cupreum Lindley; D. moschatum var. cupreum (Lindley) H. G. Reichenbach; D. moschatum var. unguipetalum I. Barua; Thicuania moschata (Buchanan-Hamilton) Rafinesque.
Stems erect, cylindric, to 1 m, stout, 6-8 mm in diam., rigid, unbranched, with many nodes, internodes ca. 3 cm. Leaves alternate along upper part of stem, oblong to oval-lanceolate, 10-15 × 1.5-3 cm, leathery, base with clasping papery sheaths, apex acuminate or unequally bilobed. Inflorescences racemose, on old leafless stems, pendulous, ca. 20 cm, laxly several to more than 10-flowered; peduncle ca. 5 cm; basal sheaths 4, overlapping, cupular; floral bracts oblong, 12-20 × 3-5(or more) mm, leathery, apex obtuse. Pedicel and ovary to 5 cm. Flowers deep yellow [or pink or white with rose tips], disk with a pale purplish brown blotch on either side, column yellow, anther cap purple. Dorsal sepal oblong, 24-35 × 11-14 mm, 6- or 7-veined, apex obtuse; lateral sepals oblong, 24-35 × 9-10(or more) mm, 5-veined, base slightly oblique, apex slightly acute; mentum conic, short and wide, ca. 6 mm. Petals obliquely broadly ovate, 26-35 × 17-23 mm, 7-veined, apex obtuse; lip rounded, slipperlike, ca. 24 × 22 mm, abaxially glabrous, adaxially densely pubescent, margin involute and cucullate. Column ca. 4 mm, foot ca. 4 mm; anther cap conic, adaxially glabrous, front margin irregularly denticulate.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in open forests; ca. 1300 m. S and W Yunnan [Bhutan, N India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
Plants from China and Thailand, including the type of Dendrobium cupreum, are ± yellow-flowered and thus differ from plants from the rest of the range, including the type of D. moschatum, which has pink or white flowers with rose tips. This might well deserve formal taxonomic recognition.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Dendrobium moschatum (Buch.-Ham.) Sw.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Epidendrum moschatum Buch.-Ham. Thicuania moschata (Buch.-Ham.) Raf. Callista calceola (Carey ex Hook.) Kuntze Cymbidium moschatum (Buch.-Ham.) Willd. Dendrobium calceolaria Carey ex Hook. Dendrobium cupreum Herb. ex Lindl. Dendrobium moschatum var. unguipetalum I.Barua Callista calceolaria (Carey ex Hook.) Kuntze Dendrobium moschatum var. cupreum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）石斛属
形态特征（Description）：茎粗状，质地较硬，直立，圆柱形，长达1米，粗6-8毫米，不分枝，具多节，节间长约3厘米。叶革质，二列；互生于茎的上部，长圆形至卵状披针形，长10-15厘米，宽1.5-3厘米，先端渐尖或不等侧2裂，基部具紧抱于茎的纸质鞘。总状花序出自去年生具叶或落了叶的茎近端，下垂，长约20厘米，疏生数至10余朵花；花序柄长约5厘米，基部具4枚套迭的杯状鞘；花苞片革质，长圆形，长12-20毫米，宽3-5毫米，先端钝；花梗和子房长达5厘米；花深黄色，白天开放，晚间闭合，质地薄；中萼片长圆形，长约2.4-3.5厘米，宽1.1-1.4厘米，先端钝，具6-7条脉；侧萼片长圆形，长2.4-3.5厘米，宽9-10毫米，先端稍锐尖，具5条脉，基部稍歪斜；萼囊圆锥形，短而宽，长约6毫米；花瓣斜宽卵形，长2.6-3.5厘米，宽1.7-2.3厘米，先端钝，具7条脉；唇瓣圆形，边缘内卷而形成杓状，长2.4厘米，宽约2.2厘米，上面密被短柔毛，下面无毛，唇盘基部两侧各具1个浅紫褐色的斑块；蕊柱黄色，长约4毫米，具长约4毫米的蕊柱足；药帽紫色，圆锥形，上面光滑，前端边缘具不整齐的细齿。花期4-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南。生于海拔达1 300米的疏林中树干上。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 370, 384, 385
Dendrobium moschatum (Buchanan-Hamilton) Swartz, Neues J. Bot. 1: 94. 1805.
杓唇石斛 shao chun shi hu| Orchidaceae | Dendrobium
Epidendrum moschatum Buchanan-Hamilton in Symes, Embassy Ava, 478. 1800; Callista calceolaria (Carey ex Hooker) Kuntze; C. moschata (Buchanan-Hamilton) Kuntze; Cymbidium moschatum (Buchanan-Hamilton) Willdenow; Dendrobium calceolaria Carey ex Hooker; D. cupreum Lindley; D. moschatum var. cupreum (Lindley) H. G. Reichenbach; D. moschatum var. unguipetalum I. Barua; Thicuania moschata (Buchanan-Hamilton) Rafinesque.
Stems erect, cylindric, to 1 m, stout, 6-8 mm in diam., rigid, unbranched, with many nodes, internodes ca. 3 cm. Leaves alternate along upper part of stem, oblong to oval-lanceolate, 10-15 × 1.5-3 cm, leathery, base with clasping papery sheaths, apex acuminate or unequally bilobed. Inflorescences racemose, on old leafless stems, pendulous, ca. 20 cm, laxly several to more than 10-flowered; peduncle ca. 5 cm; basal sheaths 4, overlapping, cupular; floral bracts oblong, 12-20 × 3-5(or more) mm, leathery, apex obtuse. Pedicel and ovary to 5 cm. Flowers deep yellow [or pink or white with rose tips], disk with a pale purplish brown blotch on either side, column yellow, anther cap purple. Dorsal sepal oblong, 24-35 × 11-14 mm, 6- or 7-veined, apex obtuse; lateral sepals oblong, 24-35 × 9-10(or more) mm, 5-veined, base slightly oblique, apex slightly acute; mentum conic, short and wide, ca. 6 mm. Petals obliquely broadly ovate, 26-35 × 17-23 mm, 7-veined, apex obtuse; lip rounded, slipperlike, ca. 24 × 22 mm, abaxially glabrous, adaxially densely pubescent, margin involute and cucullate. Column ca. 4 mm, foot ca. 4 mm; anther cap conic, adaxially glabrous, front margin irregularly denticulate.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in open forests; ca. 1300 m. S and W Yunnan [Bhutan, N India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
Plants from China and Thailand, including the type of Dendrobium cupreum, are ± yellow-flowered and thus differ from plants from the rest of the range, including the type of D. moschatum, which has pink or white flowers with rose tips. This might well deserve formal taxonomic recognition.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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