曲竿竹Phyllostachys flexuosa
中文名（Chinese Name）：曲竿竹
学名（Scientific Name）：Phyllostachys flexuosa A. et C. Riv.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）： 甜竹
异名（Synonym）：
科属（Family & Genus）：禾本科（Gramineae）刚竹属
形态特征（Description）：竿高5-6米，大者可高达12米，直径2-4厘米，粗者可达7厘米，基部有时多少呈“之”字形弯曲，幼竿微被白粉，老竿灰白色；中部节间长达30厘米或更长，壁厚3-5毫米；竿环中度隆起，与箨环同高。箨鞘背部绿褐色，有淡紫色脉纹，有时并有淡黄色或黄绿色纵条纹，无毛，无白粉，具稀疏或较密且通常为较小的褐色斑点；无箨耳及鞘口繸毛；箨舌狭而高，紫褐色或有时为黄绿带紫色，顶端截平或稍作拱形，边缘具易断落的长纤毛或具短纤毛；箨片狭三角形或带状，外翻，平直，淡绿紫色，边缘淡黄色。末级小枝具2或3叶；叶耳及鞘口繸毛常不存在；叶舌长度中等；叶片长8-12厘米，宽1-2厘米，下表面多少被毛或近于无毛，但基部具毛。花枝呈穗状，长4-6厘米，基部托有3-6片逐渐增大的鳞片状苞片；佛焰苞4-6片，鞘部两侧常被短柔毛，无叶耳及鞘口繸毛，缩小叶狭小，披针形至锥状，每片苞腋内生有2或3枚假小穗。小穗长2-5-3.5厘米，狭披针形，含2或3朵小花，常仅最上端1朵小花发育；小穗轴顶端延伸呈针状，节间有毛；颖常1片；外稃长约2.5厘米，无毛，顶端延伸成芒状尖头；内稃长约2.2厘米，几无毛或仅顶端有稀疏的柔毛；鳞被狭卵状披针形，长约2毫米；花药长约1厘米；柱头3。笋期4月下旬至5月上旬。
分布（Distribution）：产北京、山西、陕西、江苏、河南、湖南。欧洲、北非及美国引入栽培。模式竹丛栽培于阿尔及尔的哈马植物园。笋味甘美，竿韧性强，宜劈篾供编织，也可整竿使用。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 22 Page 165, 170
Phyllostachys flexuosa Rivière & C. Rivière, Bull. Soc. Natl. Acclim. France, sér. 3. 5: 758. 1878.
曲竿竹 qu gan zhu | Poaceae | Phyllostachys
Bambusa flexuosa Carrière, Rev. Hort. 1870: 320. 1870, not Munro (1868).
Culms 5–6(–10) m, 2–4(–7) cm in diam., basally usually ± flexuose; internodes initially green, later gray, to 30 cm or more, initially perceptibly white powdery, especially below nodes, becoming glabrous at maturity; wall 3–5 mm thick; nodal ridge moderately elevated, as prominent as sheath scar. Culm sheaths green-brown with purple veins, sometimes with pale yellow or yellow-green streaks, usually with sparse to rather dense small brown spots, not white powdery, glabrous; auricles and oral setae absent; ligule arcuate, tall, narrow, margin with long and deciduous or short cilia, apex sometimes notched; blade reflexed, green-purple with pale yellow margins, narrowly lanceolate to linear, flat. Leaves 2 or 3 per ultimate branch; auricles and oral setae usually absent; ligule moderately exserted; blade 8–12 × 1–2 cm, abaxially proximally pilose. Flowering branchlets spicate, 4–6 cm; scaly bracts 3–6, gradually larger; spathes 4–6, both sides puberulent, auricles and oral setae absent, blade small, lanceolate to subulate. Pseudospikelets 2 or 3 per spathe. Spikelets narrowly lanceolate, 2.5–3.5 cm; florets 1–3, uppermost floret usually fertile. Glumes 1; rachilla terminally extended, awnlike; internodes hairy; lemma ca. 2.5 cm, glabrous, apex extending into an awnlike point; palea ca. 2.2 cm, subglabrous or sparsely pubescent at apex; lodicules narrowly ovate-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm. Anthers ca. 1 cm. Stigmas 3. New shoots Apr–May, fl. Apr–May. 2n = 48*.
* Cultivated. Anhui, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
The shoots are delicious, and the culms are used as tool handles and are split for weaving.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Phyllostachys flexuosa A. et C. Riv.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）： 甜竹
异名（Synonym）：
科属（Family & Genus）：禾本科（Gramineae）刚竹属
形态特征（Description）：竿高5-6米，大者可高达12米，直径2-4厘米，粗者可达7厘米，基部有时多少呈“之”字形弯曲，幼竿微被白粉，老竿灰白色；中部节间长达30厘米或更长，壁厚3-5毫米；竿环中度隆起，与箨环同高。箨鞘背部绿褐色，有淡紫色脉纹，有时并有淡黄色或黄绿色纵条纹，无毛，无白粉，具稀疏或较密且通常为较小的褐色斑点；无箨耳及鞘口繸毛；箨舌狭而高，紫褐色或有时为黄绿带紫色，顶端截平或稍作拱形，边缘具易断落的长纤毛或具短纤毛；箨片狭三角形或带状，外翻，平直，淡绿紫色，边缘淡黄色。末级小枝具2或3叶；叶耳及鞘口繸毛常不存在；叶舌长度中等；叶片长8-12厘米，宽1-2厘米，下表面多少被毛或近于无毛，但基部具毛。花枝呈穗状，长4-6厘米，基部托有3-6片逐渐增大的鳞片状苞片；佛焰苞4-6片，鞘部两侧常被短柔毛，无叶耳及鞘口繸毛，缩小叶狭小，披针形至锥状，每片苞腋内生有2或3枚假小穗。小穗长2-5-3.5厘米，狭披针形，含2或3朵小花，常仅最上端1朵小花发育；小穗轴顶端延伸呈针状，节间有毛；颖常1片；外稃长约2.5厘米，无毛，顶端延伸成芒状尖头；内稃长约2.2厘米，几无毛或仅顶端有稀疏的柔毛；鳞被狭卵状披针形，长约2毫米；花药长约1厘米；柱头3。笋期4月下旬至5月上旬。
分布（Distribution）：产北京、山西、陕西、江苏、河南、湖南。欧洲、北非及美国引入栽培。模式竹丛栽培于阿尔及尔的哈马植物园。笋味甘美，竿韧性强，宜劈篾供编织，也可整竿使用。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 22 Page 165, 170
Phyllostachys flexuosa Rivière & C. Rivière, Bull. Soc. Natl. Acclim. France, sér. 3. 5: 758. 1878.
曲竿竹 qu gan zhu | Poaceae | Phyllostachys
Bambusa flexuosa Carrière, Rev. Hort. 1870: 320. 1870, not Munro (1868).
Culms 5–6(–10) m, 2–4(–7) cm in diam., basally usually ± flexuose; internodes initially green, later gray, to 30 cm or more, initially perceptibly white powdery, especially below nodes, becoming glabrous at maturity; wall 3–5 mm thick; nodal ridge moderately elevated, as prominent as sheath scar. Culm sheaths green-brown with purple veins, sometimes with pale yellow or yellow-green streaks, usually with sparse to rather dense small brown spots, not white powdery, glabrous; auricles and oral setae absent; ligule arcuate, tall, narrow, margin with long and deciduous or short cilia, apex sometimes notched; blade reflexed, green-purple with pale yellow margins, narrowly lanceolate to linear, flat. Leaves 2 or 3 per ultimate branch; auricles and oral setae usually absent; ligule moderately exserted; blade 8–12 × 1–2 cm, abaxially proximally pilose. Flowering branchlets spicate, 4–6 cm; scaly bracts 3–6, gradually larger; spathes 4–6, both sides puberulent, auricles and oral setae absent, blade small, lanceolate to subulate. Pseudospikelets 2 or 3 per spathe. Spikelets narrowly lanceolate, 2.5–3.5 cm; florets 1–3, uppermost floret usually fertile. Glumes 1; rachilla terminally extended, awnlike; internodes hairy; lemma ca. 2.5 cm, glabrous, apex extending into an awnlike point; palea ca. 2.2 cm, subglabrous or sparsely pubescent at apex; lodicules narrowly ovate-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm. Anthers ca. 1 cm. Stigmas 3. New shoots Apr–May, fl. Apr–May. 2n = 48*.
* Cultivated. Anhui, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
The shoots are delicious, and the culms are used as tool handles and are split for weaving.
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