石仙桃 Pholidota chinensis
中文名（Chinese Name）：石仙桃
学名（Scientific Name）：Pholidota chinensis Lindl.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Coelogyne chinensis (Lindl.) Rchb. f. Pholidota chinensis var. cylindracea T. Tang et F. T. Wang Pleione corniculata (Rchb.f.) Kuntze Pholidota annamensis Gagnep. Coelogyne corniculata Rchb.f. Coelogyne pholas Rchb.f.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）石仙桃属
形态特征（Description）：根状茎通常较粗壮，匍匐，直径3-8毫米或更粗，具较密的节和较多的根，相距5-15毫米或更短距离生假鳞茎；假鳞茎狭卵状长圆形，大小变化甚大，一般长1.6-8厘米，宽5-23毫米，基部收狭成柄状；柄在老假鳞茎尤为明显，长达1-2厘米。叶2枚，生于假鳞茎顶端，倒卵状椭圆形、倒披针状椭圆形至近长圆形，长5-22厘米，宽2-6厘米，先端渐尖、急尖或近短尾状，具3条较明显的脉，干后多少带黑色；叶柄长1-5厘米。花葶生于幼嫩假鳞茎顶端，发出时其基部连同幼叶均为鞘所包，长12-38厘米；总状花序常多少外弯，具数朵至20余朵花；花序轴稍左右曲折；花苞片长圆形至宽卵形，常多少对折，长1-1.7厘米，宽6-8毫米，宿存，至少在花凋谢时不脱落；花梗和子房长4-8毫米；花白色或带浅黄色；中萼片椭圆形或卵状椭圆形，长7-10毫米，宽4.5-6毫米，凹陷成舟状，背面略有龙骨状突起；侧萼片卵状披针形，略狭于中萼片，具较明显的龙骨状突起；花瓣披针形，长9-10毫米，宽1.5-2毫米，背面略有龙骨状突起；唇瓣轮廓近宽卵形，略3裂，下半部凹陷成半球形的囊，囊两侧各有1个半圆形的侧裂片，前方的中裂片卵圆形，长、宽各约4-5毫米，先端具短尖，囊内无附属物；蕊柱长4-5毫米，中部以上具翅，翅围绕药床；蕊喙宽舌状。蒴果倒卵状椭圆形，长1.5-3厘米，宽1-1.6厘米，有6棱，3个棱上有狭翅；果梗长4-6毫米。花期4-5月，果期9月至次年1月。
分布（Distribution）：产浙江、福建、广东、海南、广西、贵州、云南和西藏。生于海拔2500米以下的林中或林缘树上、岩壁上或岩石上，越南、缅甸也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 336, 338
Pholidota chinensis Lindley, J. Hort. Soc. London. 2: 308. 1847.
石仙桃 shi xian tao | Orchidaceae | Pholidota
Coelogyne chinensis (Lindley) H. G. Reichenbach; C. pholas H. G. Reichenbach; Pholidota chinensis var. cylindracea Tang & F. T. Wang.
Rhizome creeping, 3-8 mm in diam. or thicker, with rather dense nodes and many roots. Pseudobulbs borne (3-)5-15 cm apart on rhizome, narrowly ovoid-oblong, variable in size, usually 1.6-8 cm × 5-23 mm; petiole 0.5-2 cm, apex 2-leaved. Leaf blade turning blackish when dried, obovate-elliptic, oblanceolate-elliptic, or suboblong, 5-22 × 2-6 cm, with 3 rather conspicuous veins, apex acuminate, acute, or shortly caudate; petiole 1-5 cm. Inflorescence arising with young pseudobulb and young leaves from base of last pseudobulb, 12-38 cm; rachis often ± arching, several to 20-flowered, slightly flexuous; floral bracts persistent at least at end of flowering, oblong to broadly ovate, often ± conduplicate, 1-1.7 × 0.6-0.8 cm. Flowers white or tinged yellowish; pedicel and ovary 4-8 mm. Dorsal sepal elliptic or ovate-elliptic, cymbiform, 7-10 × 4.5-6 mm, dorsally slightly carinate; lateral sepals ovate-lanceolate, slightly narrower than dorsal sepal, conspicuously carinate. Petals lanceolate, 9-10 × 1-2.5 mm (see note below); lip ± broadly ovate in outline, slightly 3-lobed, basal half saccate and with 2 suborbicular lateral lobes on both sides; mid-lobe ovate, 4-5 × 4-5 mm, mucronate. Column 4-5 mm, winged above middle; rostellum broadly ligulate. Capsule obovoid-ellipsoid, 1.5-3 × 1-1.6 cm, 6-ridged, with narrow wings on 3 ridges; fruiting pedicel 4-6 mm. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Sep-Jan. 2n = 38, 40.
Epiphytic on trees or lithophytic on rocks in forests or at forest margins, shaded places on cliffs; 900-2100 m. N Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, SW Guizhou, Hainan, SE Xizang, W to SE Yunnan, S Zhejiang [Myanmar, Vietnam].
De Vogel (Orchid Monogr. 3: 45. 1988) noted that one specimen from Hainan, Lau 28054, has unusually broad petals, ca. 4 mm wide, but in all other aspects fits in the description of Pholidota chinensis
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Pholidota chinensis Lindl.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Coelogyne chinensis (Lindl.) Rchb. f. Pholidota chinensis var. cylindracea T. Tang et F. T. Wang Pleione corniculata (Rchb.f.) Kuntze Pholidota annamensis Gagnep. Coelogyne corniculata Rchb.f. Coelogyne pholas Rchb.f.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）石仙桃属
形态特征（Description）：根状茎通常较粗壮，匍匐，直径3-8毫米或更粗，具较密的节和较多的根，相距5-15毫米或更短距离生假鳞茎；假鳞茎狭卵状长圆形，大小变化甚大，一般长1.6-8厘米，宽5-23毫米，基部收狭成柄状；柄在老假鳞茎尤为明显，长达1-2厘米。叶2枚，生于假鳞茎顶端，倒卵状椭圆形、倒披针状椭圆形至近长圆形，长5-22厘米，宽2-6厘米，先端渐尖、急尖或近短尾状，具3条较明显的脉，干后多少带黑色；叶柄长1-5厘米。花葶生于幼嫩假鳞茎顶端，发出时其基部连同幼叶均为鞘所包，长12-38厘米；总状花序常多少外弯，具数朵至20余朵花；花序轴稍左右曲折；花苞片长圆形至宽卵形，常多少对折，长1-1.7厘米，宽6-8毫米，宿存，至少在花凋谢时不脱落；花梗和子房长4-8毫米；花白色或带浅黄色；中萼片椭圆形或卵状椭圆形，长7-10毫米，宽4.5-6毫米，凹陷成舟状，背面略有龙骨状突起；侧萼片卵状披针形，略狭于中萼片，具较明显的龙骨状突起；花瓣披针形，长9-10毫米，宽1.5-2毫米，背面略有龙骨状突起；唇瓣轮廓近宽卵形，略3裂，下半部凹陷成半球形的囊，囊两侧各有1个半圆形的侧裂片，前方的中裂片卵圆形，长、宽各约4-5毫米，先端具短尖，囊内无附属物；蕊柱长4-5毫米，中部以上具翅，翅围绕药床；蕊喙宽舌状。蒴果倒卵状椭圆形，长1.5-3厘米，宽1-1.6厘米，有6棱，3个棱上有狭翅；果梗长4-6毫米。花期4-5月，果期9月至次年1月。
分布（Distribution）：产浙江、福建、广东、海南、广西、贵州、云南和西藏。生于海拔2500米以下的林中或林缘树上、岩壁上或岩石上，越南、缅甸也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 336, 338
Pholidota chinensis Lindley, J. Hort. Soc. London. 2: 308. 1847.
石仙桃 shi xian tao | Orchidaceae | Pholidota
Coelogyne chinensis (Lindley) H. G. Reichenbach; C. pholas H. G. Reichenbach; Pholidota chinensis var. cylindracea Tang & F. T. Wang.
Rhizome creeping, 3-8 mm in diam. or thicker, with rather dense nodes and many roots. Pseudobulbs borne (3-)5-15 cm apart on rhizome, narrowly ovoid-oblong, variable in size, usually 1.6-8 cm × 5-23 mm; petiole 0.5-2 cm, apex 2-leaved. Leaf blade turning blackish when dried, obovate-elliptic, oblanceolate-elliptic, or suboblong, 5-22 × 2-6 cm, with 3 rather conspicuous veins, apex acuminate, acute, or shortly caudate; petiole 1-5 cm. Inflorescence arising with young pseudobulb and young leaves from base of last pseudobulb, 12-38 cm; rachis often ± arching, several to 20-flowered, slightly flexuous; floral bracts persistent at least at end of flowering, oblong to broadly ovate, often ± conduplicate, 1-1.7 × 0.6-0.8 cm. Flowers white or tinged yellowish; pedicel and ovary 4-8 mm. Dorsal sepal elliptic or ovate-elliptic, cymbiform, 7-10 × 4.5-6 mm, dorsally slightly carinate; lateral sepals ovate-lanceolate, slightly narrower than dorsal sepal, conspicuously carinate. Petals lanceolate, 9-10 × 1-2.5 mm (see note below); lip ± broadly ovate in outline, slightly 3-lobed, basal half saccate and with 2 suborbicular lateral lobes on both sides; mid-lobe ovate, 4-5 × 4-5 mm, mucronate. Column 4-5 mm, winged above middle; rostellum broadly ligulate. Capsule obovoid-ellipsoid, 1.5-3 × 1-1.6 cm, 6-ridged, with narrow wings on 3 ridges; fruiting pedicel 4-6 mm. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Sep-Jan. 2n = 38, 40.
Epiphytic on trees or lithophytic on rocks in forests or at forest margins, shaded places on cliffs; 900-2100 m. N Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, SW Guizhou, Hainan, SE Xizang, W to SE Yunnan, S Zhejiang [Myanmar, Vietnam].
De Vogel (Orchid Monogr. 3: 45. 1988) noted that one specimen from Hainan, Lau 28054, has unusually broad petals, ca. 4 mm wide, but in all other aspects fits in the description of Pholidota chinensis
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