秀丽兜兰Paphiopedilum venustum
中文名（Chinese Name）：秀丽兜兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Paphiopedilum venustum (Sims) Pfitz.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Cypripedium venustum Sims Stimegas venustum (Wall. ex Sims) Raf. Paphiopedilum pardinum (Rchb.f.) Pfitzer Cordula venusta (Wall. ex Sims) Rolfe Cypripedium pardinum Rchb.f. Paphiopedilum venustum var. bhutanensis Pradhan Paphiopedilum venustum f. measuresianum (auct.) Braem Paphiopedilum venustum f. pardinum (Rchb.f.) Braem Paphiopedilum venustum var. pardinum (Rchb.f.) Pfitzer Paphiopedilum venustum var. rubrum Pradhan Paphiopedilum venustum var. teestaensis Pradhan Cypripedium venustum var. measuresianum auct.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）兜兰属
形态特征（Description）：地生或半附生植物。叶基生，二列，4-5枚；叶片长圆形至椭圆形，长10-21.5厘米，宽2.5-5.7厘米，先端急尖并常有小裂口，上面通常有深浅绿色（或多少带褐黄色）相间的网格斑，背面有较密集的紫色斑点，基部收狭成叶柄状并对折而互相套叠。花葶直立，长20-27厘米，紫褐色，密被短硬毛，顶端生1花或罕有2花；花苞片近卵形，长1.7-2.5厘米，近兜状，背面有龙骨状突起并多少被毛，边缘有缘毛；花梗和子房长4.2-5.3厘米，被短柔毛；花直径6-7厘米；中萼片与合萼片白色而有绿色粗脉纹，花瓣黄白色而有绿色脉、暗红色晕和黑色粗疣点，唇瓣淡黄色而有明显的绿色脉纹和极轻微的暗红色晕，退化雄蕊色泽与唇瓣相似；中萼片宽卵形或近心形，长2.7-3厘米，宽2.1-2.3厘米，先端渐尖，背面被短柔毛，尤以脉上为多，边缘具缘毛；合萼片卵形，长2.3-2.6厘米，宽约1.6厘米，先端急尖，背面亦具毛，边缘有缘毛；花瓣近长圆形或倒披针状长圆形，长3.5-4厘米，宽1.2-1.4厘米，先端钝或近急尖，上半部边缘波状，整个边缘均有较长的缘毛；唇瓣倒盔状，基部具宽阔的、长1.6-1.8厘米的柄；囊长2.2-2.4厘米，宽2-2.8厘米，向末端略变狭，囊口宽阔，两侧各具1个直立的耳，两耳前方的边缘不内折，囊底有毛，外表面具极细小的乳突状毛；退化雄蕊肾状倒心形，长6-7毫米，宽9-13毫米，先端有凹缺，凹缺中央有宽齿，上面有细小的乳突。花期1-3月。
分布（Distribution）：产西藏。生于海拔1100～1600米的林缘或灌丛中腐殖质丰富处，东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 33, 44
Paphiopedilum venustum (Wallich ex Sims) Pfitzer, Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. 19: 163. 1888.
秀丽兜兰 xiu li dou lan| Orchidaceae | Paphiopedilum
Cypripedium venustum Wallich ex Sims, Bot. Mag. 47: ad t. 2129. 1820; Cordula venusta (Wallich ex Sims) Rolfe; Stimegas venustum (Wallich ex Sims) Rafinesque.
Plants terrestrial. Leaves 4 or 5, distichous; blade abaxially densely purple spotted, adaxially tessellated with dark green and gray- or yellow-brownish green, oblong-elliptic or narrowly oblong, 10-21.5 × 2.5-5.7 cm, acute and bilobulate or tricuspidate at apex. Scape erect, terminating in 1 or rarely 2 flowers; peduncle purple-brown, 12-19 cm, densely hirsute; floral bract ovate, 1.7-2.5 cm, conduplicate, abaxially sparsely pubescent, ciliate; pedicel and ovary 4.2-5.3 cm, pubescent. Flower 7-8 cm in diam.; dorsal sepal and synsepal white with green veins; petals yellow-whitish with green veins, flushed with purple in apical half, with a few large maroon warts mainly in basal half; lip and staminode yellowish, slightly tinged with purple-red and distinctly veined with green. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate or ovate-cordate, 2.7-3 × 2.1-2.3 cm, abaxially pubescent particularly on midvein, ciliate, acuminate at apex; synsepal ovate, 2.3-3.6 × 1.4-1.6 cm, abaxially pubescent, ciliate, acute at apex. Petals suboblong-oblanceolate, 3.5-4 × 1.2-1.4 cm, margin undulate in apical half, long ciliate, acute or obtuse at apex; lip helmet-shaped, 3.3-4.2 cm, verrucose on lateral lobes; pouch 2.2-2.4 × 2-2.8 cm, outside usually minutely papillate-puberulent. Staminode reniform-obcordate, 6-7 × 9-13 mm, puberulent, with a broad sinus and a broad mucro at apex. Fl. Jan-Mar. 2n = 38, 40, 40 + 2B, 41, 42.
Humus-rich and rocky places in thickets or at forest margins; 1100-1600 m. S and SE Xizang (Dinggyê, Mêdog) [Bhutan, NE India, Nepal].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Paphiopedilum venustum (Sims) Pfitz.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Cypripedium venustum Sims Stimegas venustum (Wall. ex Sims) Raf. Paphiopedilum pardinum (Rchb.f.) Pfitzer Cordula venusta (Wall. ex Sims) Rolfe Cypripedium pardinum Rchb.f. Paphiopedilum venustum var. bhutanensis Pradhan Paphiopedilum venustum f. measuresianum (auct.) Braem Paphiopedilum venustum f. pardinum (Rchb.f.) Braem Paphiopedilum venustum var. pardinum (Rchb.f.) Pfitzer Paphiopedilum venustum var. rubrum Pradhan Paphiopedilum venustum var. teestaensis Pradhan Cypripedium venustum var. measuresianum auct.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）兜兰属
形态特征（Description）：地生或半附生植物。叶基生，二列，4-5枚；叶片长圆形至椭圆形，长10-21.5厘米，宽2.5-5.7厘米，先端急尖并常有小裂口，上面通常有深浅绿色（或多少带褐黄色）相间的网格斑，背面有较密集的紫色斑点，基部收狭成叶柄状并对折而互相套叠。花葶直立，长20-27厘米，紫褐色，密被短硬毛，顶端生1花或罕有2花；花苞片近卵形，长1.7-2.5厘米，近兜状，背面有龙骨状突起并多少被毛，边缘有缘毛；花梗和子房长4.2-5.3厘米，被短柔毛；花直径6-7厘米；中萼片与合萼片白色而有绿色粗脉纹，花瓣黄白色而有绿色脉、暗红色晕和黑色粗疣点，唇瓣淡黄色而有明显的绿色脉纹和极轻微的暗红色晕，退化雄蕊色泽与唇瓣相似；中萼片宽卵形或近心形，长2.7-3厘米，宽2.1-2.3厘米，先端渐尖，背面被短柔毛，尤以脉上为多，边缘具缘毛；合萼片卵形，长2.3-2.6厘米，宽约1.6厘米，先端急尖，背面亦具毛，边缘有缘毛；花瓣近长圆形或倒披针状长圆形，长3.5-4厘米，宽1.2-1.4厘米，先端钝或近急尖，上半部边缘波状，整个边缘均有较长的缘毛；唇瓣倒盔状，基部具宽阔的、长1.6-1.8厘米的柄；囊长2.2-2.4厘米，宽2-2.8厘米，向末端略变狭，囊口宽阔，两侧各具1个直立的耳，两耳前方的边缘不内折，囊底有毛，外表面具极细小的乳突状毛；退化雄蕊肾状倒心形，长6-7毫米，宽9-13毫米，先端有凹缺，凹缺中央有宽齿，上面有细小的乳突。花期1-3月。
分布（Distribution）：产西藏。生于海拔1100～1600米的林缘或灌丛中腐殖质丰富处，东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 33, 44
Paphiopedilum venustum (Wallich ex Sims) Pfitzer, Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. 19: 163. 1888.
秀丽兜兰 xiu li dou lan| Orchidaceae | Paphiopedilum
Cypripedium venustum Wallich ex Sims, Bot. Mag. 47: ad t. 2129. 1820; Cordula venusta (Wallich ex Sims) Rolfe; Stimegas venustum (Wallich ex Sims) Rafinesque.
Plants terrestrial. Leaves 4 or 5, distichous; blade abaxially densely purple spotted, adaxially tessellated with dark green and gray- or yellow-brownish green, oblong-elliptic or narrowly oblong, 10-21.5 × 2.5-5.7 cm, acute and bilobulate or tricuspidate at apex. Scape erect, terminating in 1 or rarely 2 flowers; peduncle purple-brown, 12-19 cm, densely hirsute; floral bract ovate, 1.7-2.5 cm, conduplicate, abaxially sparsely pubescent, ciliate; pedicel and ovary 4.2-5.3 cm, pubescent. Flower 7-8 cm in diam.; dorsal sepal and synsepal white with green veins; petals yellow-whitish with green veins, flushed with purple in apical half, with a few large maroon warts mainly in basal half; lip and staminode yellowish, slightly tinged with purple-red and distinctly veined with green. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate or ovate-cordate, 2.7-3 × 2.1-2.3 cm, abaxially pubescent particularly on midvein, ciliate, acuminate at apex; synsepal ovate, 2.3-3.6 × 1.4-1.6 cm, abaxially pubescent, ciliate, acute at apex. Petals suboblong-oblanceolate, 3.5-4 × 1.2-1.4 cm, margin undulate in apical half, long ciliate, acute or obtuse at apex; lip helmet-shaped, 3.3-4.2 cm, verrucose on lateral lobes; pouch 2.2-2.4 × 2-2.8 cm, outside usually minutely papillate-puberulent. Staminode reniform-obcordate, 6-7 × 9-13 mm, puberulent, with a broad sinus and a broad mucro at apex. Fl. Jan-Mar. 2n = 38, 40, 40 + 2B, 41, 42.
Humus-rich and rocky places in thickets or at forest margins; 1100-1600 m. S and SE Xizang (Dinggyê, Mêdog) [Bhutan, NE India, Nepal].
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