长瓣兜兰Paphiopedilum dianthum
中文名（Chinese Name）：长瓣兜兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Paphiopedilum dianthum T. Tang et F. T. Wang
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Paphiopedilum parishii var. dianthum (T. Tang et F. T. Wang) Karas. et Saito Paphiopedilum dianthum f. album O.Gruss
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）兜兰属
形态特征（Description）：附生植物，较高大。叶基生，二列，2-5枚；叶片宽带形或舌状，厚革质，干后常呈棕红色，长15-30厘米，宽3-5厘米，先端近浑圆并有裂口或小弯缺，背面中脉呈龙骨状突起，无毛，基部收狭成叶柄状并对折而彼此套叠，长度一般可达6-7厘米。花葶近直立，长30-80厘米，绿色，无毛或较少略被短柔毛；总状花序具2-4花；花苞片宽卵形，长与宽各约长2厘米，先端钝并常有3小齿，近无毛；花梗和子房长达5.5厘米，无毛；花大；中萼片与合萼片白色而有绿色的基部和淡黄绿色脉，花瓣淡绿色或淡黄绿色并有深色条纹或褐红色晕，唇瓣绿黄色并有浅栗色晕，退化雄蕊淡绿黄色而有深绿色斑块；中萼片近椭圆形，长4-5.5厘米，宽1.8-2.5厘米，先端具短尖，边缘向后弯卷，内表面基部具短柔毛，背面中脉呈龙骨状突起；合萼片与中萼片相似，但稍宽而短，背面略有2条龙骨状突起；花瓣下垂，长带形，长8.5-12厘米，宽6-7毫米，扭曲，从中部至基部边缘波状，可见数个具毛的黑色疣状突起或长柔毛，有时疣状突起与长柔毛均不存在；唇瓣倒盔状，基部具宽阔的、长达2厘米的柄；囊近椭圆状圆锥形或卵状圆锥形，长2.5-3厘米，宽2-2.5厘米，囊口极宽阔，两侧各有1个直立的耳，两耳前方边缘不内折，囊底有毛；退化雄蕊倒心形或倒卵形，长1-1.2厘米，宽8-9毫米，先端有弯缺，上面基部有1个角状突起，沿突起至蕊柱有微柔毛，背面有龙骨状突起，边缘具细缘毛。蒴果近椭圆形，长达4厘米，宽约1.5厘米。花期7-9月，果期11月。
分布（Distribution）：产广西、贵州和云南。生于海拔1000-2250米的林缘或疏林中的树干上或岩石上。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 34, 38, 39,42
Paphiopedilum dianthum Tang & F. T. Wang, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 24. 1940.
长瓣兜兰 chang ban dou lan| Orchidaceae | Paphiopedilum
Paphiopedilum parishii (H. G. Reichenbach) Stein var. dianthum (Tang & F. T. Wang) Karasawa & Saito.
Plants lithophytic. Leaves 4-6, distichous; blade abaxially pale green and carinate, adaxially uniformly dark green, usually 15-30 × 2.7-5 cm, thickly leathery, obtuse-rounded and slightly unequally bilobulate at apex. Scape arching to suberect, 30-80 cm; peduncle green, glabrous or very sparsely pubescent; raceme (1 or)2-5-flowered; floral bracts greenish or yellowish green, broadly ovate, conduplicate, 1.3-2.9 cm, glabrous; pedicel and ovary green, 4-5 cm, glabrous. Flowers 8-10 cm in diam., persistent until fruiting; dorsal sepal white tinged and veined with green toward base; synsepal pale green-yellow or greenish white with darker green veins; petals whitish green or brownish green, with darker stripes; lip yellowish brownish with darker veins; staminode white with a dark green center. Dorsal sepal subelliptic or obovate-elliptic, 3-5.5 × 1.8-2.5 cm, adaxially shortly hirsute toward base, sometimes very slightly puberulent on both surfaces, basal margin recurved, apex shortly acuminate; synsepal similar to dorsal sepal, slightly shorter and broader. Petals pendulous, strongly twisted, linear-lanceolate or linear-tapering, 7-10(-12) × 0.7-1 cm, often with a few blackish warts along lower margin or toward adaxial base, minutely papillose-puberulent toward adaxial base and apex; warts often with a cluster of long hairs, sometimes becoming very small or disappearing, replaced by a few clusters of long hairs; lip helmet-shaped, 4-5 cm; pouch 2-3 × 2-2.5 cm, pointed at apex. Staminode obcordate or obovate, 10-12 × 7-9 mm, carinate abaxially, slightly puberulent toward adaxial base, with a small umbo near base, minutely ciliate, with a deep sinus or 3-lobed at apex. Fl. Jul-Oct. 2n = 26.
Steep rocks in evergreen broad-leaved forests or shaded limestone cliffs; 1000-2300 m. SW Guangxi, SW Guizhou, SE Yunnan [N Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Paphiopedilum dianthum T. Tang et F. T. Wang
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Paphiopedilum parishii var. dianthum (T. Tang et F. T. Wang) Karas. et Saito Paphiopedilum dianthum f. album O.Gruss
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）兜兰属
形态特征（Description）：附生植物，较高大。叶基生，二列，2-5枚；叶片宽带形或舌状，厚革质，干后常呈棕红色，长15-30厘米，宽3-5厘米，先端近浑圆并有裂口或小弯缺，背面中脉呈龙骨状突起，无毛，基部收狭成叶柄状并对折而彼此套叠，长度一般可达6-7厘米。花葶近直立，长30-80厘米，绿色，无毛或较少略被短柔毛；总状花序具2-4花；花苞片宽卵形，长与宽各约长2厘米，先端钝并常有3小齿，近无毛；花梗和子房长达5.5厘米，无毛；花大；中萼片与合萼片白色而有绿色的基部和淡黄绿色脉，花瓣淡绿色或淡黄绿色并有深色条纹或褐红色晕，唇瓣绿黄色并有浅栗色晕，退化雄蕊淡绿黄色而有深绿色斑块；中萼片近椭圆形，长4-5.5厘米，宽1.8-2.5厘米，先端具短尖，边缘向后弯卷，内表面基部具短柔毛，背面中脉呈龙骨状突起；合萼片与中萼片相似，但稍宽而短，背面略有2条龙骨状突起；花瓣下垂，长带形，长8.5-12厘米，宽6-7毫米，扭曲，从中部至基部边缘波状，可见数个具毛的黑色疣状突起或长柔毛，有时疣状突起与长柔毛均不存在；唇瓣倒盔状，基部具宽阔的、长达2厘米的柄；囊近椭圆状圆锥形或卵状圆锥形，长2.5-3厘米，宽2-2.5厘米，囊口极宽阔，两侧各有1个直立的耳，两耳前方边缘不内折，囊底有毛；退化雄蕊倒心形或倒卵形，长1-1.2厘米，宽8-9毫米，先端有弯缺，上面基部有1个角状突起，沿突起至蕊柱有微柔毛，背面有龙骨状突起，边缘具细缘毛。蒴果近椭圆形，长达4厘米，宽约1.5厘米。花期7-9月，果期11月。
分布（Distribution）：产广西、贵州和云南。生于海拔1000-2250米的林缘或疏林中的树干上或岩石上。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 34, 38, 39,42
Paphiopedilum dianthum Tang & F. T. Wang, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 24. 1940.
长瓣兜兰 chang ban dou lan| Orchidaceae | Paphiopedilum
Paphiopedilum parishii (H. G. Reichenbach) Stein var. dianthum (Tang & F. T. Wang) Karasawa & Saito.
Plants lithophytic. Leaves 4-6, distichous; blade abaxially pale green and carinate, adaxially uniformly dark green, usually 15-30 × 2.7-5 cm, thickly leathery, obtuse-rounded and slightly unequally bilobulate at apex. Scape arching to suberect, 30-80 cm; peduncle green, glabrous or very sparsely pubescent; raceme (1 or)2-5-flowered; floral bracts greenish or yellowish green, broadly ovate, conduplicate, 1.3-2.9 cm, glabrous; pedicel and ovary green, 4-5 cm, glabrous. Flowers 8-10 cm in diam., persistent until fruiting; dorsal sepal white tinged and veined with green toward base; synsepal pale green-yellow or greenish white with darker green veins; petals whitish green or brownish green, with darker stripes; lip yellowish brownish with darker veins; staminode white with a dark green center. Dorsal sepal subelliptic or obovate-elliptic, 3-5.5 × 1.8-2.5 cm, adaxially shortly hirsute toward base, sometimes very slightly puberulent on both surfaces, basal margin recurved, apex shortly acuminate; synsepal similar to dorsal sepal, slightly shorter and broader. Petals pendulous, strongly twisted, linear-lanceolate or linear-tapering, 7-10(-12) × 0.7-1 cm, often with a few blackish warts along lower margin or toward adaxial base, minutely papillose-puberulent toward adaxial base and apex; warts often with a cluster of long hairs, sometimes becoming very small or disappearing, replaced by a few clusters of long hairs; lip helmet-shaped, 4-5 cm; pouch 2-3 × 2-2.5 cm, pointed at apex. Staminode obcordate or obovate, 10-12 × 7-9 mm, carinate abaxially, slightly puberulent toward adaxial base, with a small umbo near base, minutely ciliate, with a deep sinus or 3-lobed at apex. Fl. Jul-Oct. 2n = 26.
Steep rocks in evergreen broad-leaved forests or shaded limestone cliffs; 1000-2300 m. SW Guangxi, SW Guizhou, SE Yunnan [N Vietnam].
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