飞扬草Euphorbia hirta
中文名（Chinese Name）：飞扬草
学名（Scientific Name）：Euphorbia hirta Linn.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：乳籽草
异名（Synonym）：Chamaesyce hirta (L.) Millsp. Euphorbia hirta var. typica L. C. Wheeler Chamaesyce gemella (Lag.) Small Chamaesyce karwinskyi (Boiss.) Millsp. Chamaesyce rosei Millsp. Desmonema hirta (L.) Raf. Ditritea hirta (L.) Raf. Euphorbia bancana Miq. Euphorbia capitata Lam. Euphorbia chrysochaeta W.Fitzg. Euphorbia gemella Lag. Euphorbia globulifera Kunth Euphorbia karwinskyi Boiss. Euphorbia nodiflora Steud. Euphorbia obliterata Jacq. Chamaesyce hirta var. laeticincta Croizat Euphorbia pilulifera var. arechavaletae Herter Euphorbia pilulifera var. glabrescens Thell. Euphorbia pilulifera var. guaranitica Chodat & Hassl. Euphorbia pilulifera f. humifusa Domin Euphorbia pilulifera var. obliterata (Jacq.) Hitchc. Euphorbia pilulifera f. rubromaculata Domin Euphorbia pilulifera f. viridis Domin Chamaesyce hirta var. glaberrima (Koidz.) H.Hara Chamaesyce hirta f. glaberrima (Koidz.) Hurus. Chamaesyce hirta f. litoralis Hurus. Chamaesyce pekinensis var. glaberrima (Koidz.) Makino & Nemoto Chamaesyce pilulifera var. glaberrima (Koidz.) H.Hara Euphorbia hirta var. destituta L.C.Wheeler Euphorbia hirta var. glaberrima Koidz. Euphorbia pilulifera var. discolor Engelm. Tithymalus pilulifer (L.) Moench
科属（Family & Genus）：大戟科Euphorbiaceae大戟属Euphorbia
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本。根纤细，长5-11厘米，直径3-5毫米，常不分枝，偶3-5分枝。茎单一，自中部向上分枝或不分枝，高30-60（70）厘米，直径约3毫米，被褐色或黄褐色的多细胞粗硬毛。叶对生，披针状长圆形、长椭圆状卵形或卵状披针形，长1-5厘米，宽5-13毫米，先端极尖或钝，基部略偏斜；边缘于中部以上有细锯齿，中部以下较少或全缘；叶面绿色，叶背灰绿色，有时具紫色斑，两面均具柔毛，叶背面脉上的毛较密；叶柄极短，长1-2毫米。花序多数，于叶腋处密集成头状，基部无梗或仅具极短的柄，变化较大，且具柔毛；总苞钟状，高与直径各约1毫米，被柔毛，边缘5裂，裂片三角状卵形；腺体4,近于杯状，边缘具白色附属物；雄花数枚，微达总苞边缘；雌花1枚，具短梗，伸出总苞之外；子房三棱状，被少许柔毛；花柱3,分离；柱头2浅裂。蒴果三棱状，长与直径均约1-1.5毫米，被短柔毛，成熟时分裂为3个分果爿。种子近圆状四梭，每个棱面有数个纵糟，无种阜。花果期6-12月。
分布（Distribution）：产于江西、湖南、福建、台湾、广东、广西、海南、四川、贵州和云南。生于路旁、草丛、灌丛及山坡，多见于砂质土。分布于世界热带和亚热带。
用途（Use）：全草入药，可治痢疾、肠炎、皮肤湿疹、皮炎、疖肿等；鲜汁外用治癣类。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 11 Page 289, 293, 296
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 454. 1753.
飞扬草 fei yang cao | Euphorbiaceae | Euphorbia
Chamaesyce hirta (Linnaeus) Millspaugh.
Herbs, annual, 30-60(-70) cm tall, usually few branched. Root fibrous, 3-5 mm. Stem branched from middle or above, ascending to erect, rarely prostrate, ca. 3 mm thick, with mixture of long yellow-brown multicellular hairs and much shorter white hairs. Leaves opposite; stipules membranous, triangular, 0.8-1.7 mm, caducous; petiole 1-3.5 mm; leaf blade lanceolate-oblong, long elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate, 10-50 × 3-16 mm, adaxially green to red, sometimes with purple blotch along midrib, abaxially gray-green, both surfaces pilose, denser abaxially, base slightly oblique, margin entire or few serrulate below middle, finely serrulate above middle, apex acuminate or obtuse. Cyathia in dense, often headlike, pedunculate cymes at upper nodes, peduncle to 25 mm, all parts very hairy; involucre campanulate, ca. 1 × 1 mm, pilose, marginal lobes 5, triangular-ovate; glands 4, red, rounded to transversely elliptic, center slightly sunken, appendages white to reddish, narrowly elliptic to obdeltoid, to 0.3 × 0.2 mm, margin entire to slightly undulate. Male flowers 4 or 5; anthers red. Female flower: pedicel short, exserted from involucre; ovary 3-angular, sparsely pilose; styles free; stigma slightly 2-lobed. Capsule 3-angular, 1-1.5 × 1-1.5 mm, smooth, shortly pilose; fruiting peduncle to 1.5 mm. Seeds subglobose-tetragonal, 0.7-0.9 × 0.4-0.5 mm, reddish, sides transversely furrowed; caruncle absent. Fl. and fr. Jun-Dec. 2n = 18*.
Roadsides, fields, scrub, open forests. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [tropical and subtropical regions in both hemispheres].
This species is used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Euphorbia hirta Linn.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：乳籽草
异名（Synonym）：Chamaesyce hirta (L.) Millsp. Euphorbia hirta var. typica L. C. Wheeler Chamaesyce gemella (Lag.) Small Chamaesyce karwinskyi (Boiss.) Millsp. Chamaesyce rosei Millsp. Desmonema hirta (L.) Raf. Ditritea hirta (L.) Raf. Euphorbia bancana Miq. Euphorbia capitata Lam. Euphorbia chrysochaeta W.Fitzg. Euphorbia gemella Lag. Euphorbia globulifera Kunth Euphorbia karwinskyi Boiss. Euphorbia nodiflora Steud. Euphorbia obliterata Jacq. Chamaesyce hirta var. laeticincta Croizat Euphorbia pilulifera var. arechavaletae Herter Euphorbia pilulifera var. glabrescens Thell. Euphorbia pilulifera var. guaranitica Chodat & Hassl. Euphorbia pilulifera f. humifusa Domin Euphorbia pilulifera var. obliterata (Jacq.) Hitchc. Euphorbia pilulifera f. rubromaculata Domin Euphorbia pilulifera f. viridis Domin Chamaesyce hirta var. glaberrima (Koidz.) H.Hara Chamaesyce hirta f. glaberrima (Koidz.) Hurus. Chamaesyce hirta f. litoralis Hurus. Chamaesyce pekinensis var. glaberrima (Koidz.) Makino & Nemoto Chamaesyce pilulifera var. glaberrima (Koidz.) H.Hara Euphorbia hirta var. destituta L.C.Wheeler Euphorbia hirta var. glaberrima Koidz. Euphorbia pilulifera var. discolor Engelm. Tithymalus pilulifer (L.) Moench
科属（Family & Genus）：大戟科Euphorbiaceae大戟属Euphorbia
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本。根纤细，长5-11厘米，直径3-5毫米，常不分枝，偶3-5分枝。茎单一，自中部向上分枝或不分枝，高30-60（70）厘米，直径约3毫米，被褐色或黄褐色的多细胞粗硬毛。叶对生，披针状长圆形、长椭圆状卵形或卵状披针形，长1-5厘米，宽5-13毫米，先端极尖或钝，基部略偏斜；边缘于中部以上有细锯齿，中部以下较少或全缘；叶面绿色，叶背灰绿色，有时具紫色斑，两面均具柔毛，叶背面脉上的毛较密；叶柄极短，长1-2毫米。花序多数，于叶腋处密集成头状，基部无梗或仅具极短的柄，变化较大，且具柔毛；总苞钟状，高与直径各约1毫米，被柔毛，边缘5裂，裂片三角状卵形；腺体4,近于杯状，边缘具白色附属物；雄花数枚，微达总苞边缘；雌花1枚，具短梗，伸出总苞之外；子房三棱状，被少许柔毛；花柱3,分离；柱头2浅裂。蒴果三棱状，长与直径均约1-1.5毫米，被短柔毛，成熟时分裂为3个分果爿。种子近圆状四梭，每个棱面有数个纵糟，无种阜。花果期6-12月。
分布（Distribution）：产于江西、湖南、福建、台湾、广东、广西、海南、四川、贵州和云南。生于路旁、草丛、灌丛及山坡，多见于砂质土。分布于世界热带和亚热带。
用途（Use）：全草入药，可治痢疾、肠炎、皮肤湿疹、皮炎、疖肿等；鲜汁外用治癣类。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 11 Page 289, 293, 296
Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 454. 1753.
飞扬草 fei yang cao | Euphorbiaceae | Euphorbia
Chamaesyce hirta (Linnaeus) Millspaugh.
Herbs, annual, 30-60(-70) cm tall, usually few branched. Root fibrous, 3-5 mm. Stem branched from middle or above, ascending to erect, rarely prostrate, ca. 3 mm thick, with mixture of long yellow-brown multicellular hairs and much shorter white hairs. Leaves opposite; stipules membranous, triangular, 0.8-1.7 mm, caducous; petiole 1-3.5 mm; leaf blade lanceolate-oblong, long elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate, 10-50 × 3-16 mm, adaxially green to red, sometimes with purple blotch along midrib, abaxially gray-green, both surfaces pilose, denser abaxially, base slightly oblique, margin entire or few serrulate below middle, finely serrulate above middle, apex acuminate or obtuse. Cyathia in dense, often headlike, pedunculate cymes at upper nodes, peduncle to 25 mm, all parts very hairy; involucre campanulate, ca. 1 × 1 mm, pilose, marginal lobes 5, triangular-ovate; glands 4, red, rounded to transversely elliptic, center slightly sunken, appendages white to reddish, narrowly elliptic to obdeltoid, to 0.3 × 0.2 mm, margin entire to slightly undulate. Male flowers 4 or 5; anthers red. Female flower: pedicel short, exserted from involucre; ovary 3-angular, sparsely pilose; styles free; stigma slightly 2-lobed. Capsule 3-angular, 1-1.5 × 1-1.5 mm, smooth, shortly pilose; fruiting peduncle to 1.5 mm. Seeds subglobose-tetragonal, 0.7-0.9 × 0.4-0.5 mm, reddish, sides transversely furrowed; caruncle absent. Fl. and fr. Jun-Dec. 2n = 18*.
Roadsides, fields, scrub, open forests. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [tropical and subtropical regions in both hemispheres].
This species is used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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