学名（Scientific Name）：Lycium ruthenicum Murr.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：
科属（Family & Genus）：茄科（Solanaceae）枸杞属
形态特征（Description）：多棘刺灌木，高20-50 (-150)厘米，多分枝；分枝斜升或横卧于地面，白色或灰白色，坚硬，常成之字形曲折，有不规则的纵条纹，小枝顶端渐尖成棘刺状，节间短缩，每节有长0.3-1.5厘米的短棘刺；短枝位于棘刺两侧，在幼枝上不明显，在老枝上则成瘤状，生有簇生叶或花、叶同时簇生，更老的枝则短枝成不生叶的瘤状凸起。叶2-6枚簇生于短枝上，在幼枝上则单叶互生，肥厚肉质，近无柄，条形、条状披针形或条状倒披针形，有时成狭披针形，顶端钝圆，基部渐狭，两侧有时稍向下卷，中脉不明显，长0.5-3厘米，宽2-7毫米。花1-2朵生于短枝上；花梗细瘦，长0.5-1厘米。花萼狭钟状，长4-5毫米，果时稍膨大成半球状，包围于果实中下部，不规则2-4浅裂，裂片膜质，边缘有稀疏缘毛；花冠漏斗状，浅紫色，长约1.2厘米，筒部向檐部稍扩大，5浅裂，裂片矩圆状卵形，长约为筒部的1/2-1/3，无缘毛，耳片不明显；雄蕊稍伸出花冠，着生于花冠筒中部，花丝离基部稍上处有疏绒毛，同样在花冠内壁等高处亦有稀疏绒毛；花柱与雄蕊近等长。浆果紫黑色，球状，有时顶端稍凹陷，直径4-9毫米。种子肾形，褐色，长1.5毫米，宽2毫米。花果期5-10月。
分布（Distribution）：分布于陕西北部、宁夏、甘肃、青海、新疆和西藏；中亚、高加索和欧洲亦有。耐干旱，常生于盐碱土荒地、沙地或路旁。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 17 Page 302
Lycium ruthenicum Murray, Comm. Gott. 2: 9. 1780.
黑果枸杞 hei guo gou qi | Solanaceae | Lycium
Shrubs 20-50(-100) cm tall, copiously armed. Stems much branched; branches grayish or whitish, erect, ascending, or prostrate; branchlets apically thorny; thorns 3-15 mm, inserted on nodes. Leaves subsessile, solitary on young branches, in fascicles of 2-6 on short shoots in older growth; leaf blade grayish, succulent, linear or subcylindric, rarely linear-oblanceolate, 0.5-3 cm × 2-7 mm. Flowers 1 or 2 on short shoots. Pedicel 5-10 mm. Calyx narrowly campanulate, 4-5 mm, irregularly 2-4-lobed, lobes sparsely ciliate. Corolla pale purple, funnelform, ca. 1.2 cm; lobes oblong ovate, 1/3-1/2 as long as corolla tube, not ciliate. Stamens slightly exserted; filaments sparsely villous above base. Fruiting calyx slightly inflated. Berry purple-black, globose, sometimes emarginate, 6-9 mm in diam. Seeds brown, ca. 1.5 × 2 mm. Fl. May-Aug, fr. Aug-Oct.
Saline deserts and sands, roadsides; 400-3000 m. Gansu, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, N Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Xizang [Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; SW Asia, Europe]
A fine-leaved, branched, drought-enduring shrub that is used in erosion control.
