台湾黄堇Corydalis balansae
中文名（Chinese Name）：台湾黄堇
学名（Scientific Name）：Corydalis balansae Prain
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：北越紫堇
异名（Synonym）：Corydalis ecalcarata (Z. Y. Su) Y. H. Zhang Corydalis taitoensis Hayata Corydalis lofouensis H. Lév. Corydalis pseudotomentella Fedde Corydalis cavaleriei H. Lév. et Van. Corydalis racemosa var. ecalcarata Z. Y. Su Corydalis omphalocarpa Hayata Corydalis tashiroi Makino Corydalis nokoensis Hayata
科属（Family & Genus）：罂粟科（Papaveraceae）紫堇属
形态特征（Description）：灰绿色丛生草本，高30-50厘米，具主根。茎具棱，疏散分枝，枝条花葶状，常对叶生。基生叶早枯，通常不明显。下部茎生叶约长15-30厘米，具长柄，叶片上面绿色，下面苍白色，约长7.5-15厘米，宽6-10厘米，二回羽状全裂，一回羽片约3-5对，具短柄，二回羽片常1-2对，近无柄，约长2-2.5厘米，宽1.2-2厘米，卵圆形，基部楔形至平截，约二回三裂至具3-5圆齿状裂片，裂片顶端圆饨，多少具短尖。总状花序多花而疏离，具明显花序轴。苞片披针形至长圆状披针形，长约4-7毫米。花梗长3-5毫米。花黄色至黄白色，近平展。萼片卵圆形，长约2毫米，边缘具小齿。外花瓣勺状，具龙骨状突起，顶端较狭，微凹至近平截，鸡冠状突起仅限于龙骨状突起之上，不伸达顶端。上花瓣长1.5-2厘米；距短囊状，约占花瓣全长的1/4;蜜腺体短，约占距长的1/3。下花瓣长约1.3厘米，瓣片与爪的过渡部分较狭。内花瓣长约1.2厘米，爪长于瓣片。雄蕊束披针形，具3条纵脉，上部渐尖成丝状。柱头横向伸出2臂，各枝顶端具3乳突。蒴果线状长圆形，约长3厘米，宽3毫米，斜伸或多少下垂，具1列种子。种子黑亮，扁圆形，具印痕状凹点，具大而舟状的种阜。
分布（Distribution）：产云南、广西、贵州、湖南、广东、香港、福建、台湾、湖北、江西、安徽、浙江、江苏、山东，生于海拔200-700米左右的山谷或沟边湿地。日本、越南、老挝有分布。
用途（Use）：全草药用，有清热祛火功能。山东用作土黄连。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 7 Page 308, 309, 311
Corydalis balansae Prain, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 65: 25. 1896.
北越紫堇 bei yue zi jin| Papaveraceae | Corydalis
Corydalis cavaleriei H. Léveillé & Vaniot; C. ecalcarata (Z. Y. Su) Y. H. Zhang; C. formosana Hayata; C. lofouensis H. Léveillé; C. nokoensis Hayata; C. omphalocarpa Hayata; C. orthocarpa Hayata; C. pseudotomentella Fedde; C. racemosa (Thunberg) Persoon var. ecalcarata Z. Y. Su; C. taitoensis Hayata; C. tashiroi Makino.
Herbs, annual, glaucous, 15-50 cm, with simple taproot. Stems ridged, slender, branched and leafy throughout. Leaves: petiole 4-13 cm; blade pale abaxially, green adaxially, ovate to ovate-oblong, or lower leaves triangular, 7-15 × 6-10 cm, bipinnate; pinnae distant, (2 or)3 or 4 pairs, petiolulate; pinnules 1 or 2 pairs, almost sessile, deeply divided into 3-5 oblong to ovate mucronulate lobes. Raceme lax, 3-15-flowered, first produced raceme usually longer and many flowered; bracts ovate to lanceolate, 4-7 mm, acute to shortly acuminate. Pedicel 3-5 mm. Sepals ovate, 1(-2?) mm, dentate. Corolla yellow to yellowish white. Outer petals narrow, retuse to truncate, dentate with short dentate crest not reaching apex; upper petal 15-17 mm (smaller in cleistogamous flowers); spur saccate, ca. 3 mm; nectary 1/3-1/2 of spur; inner petals 10-12 mm, dorsal crests rounded, overtopping apex. Stigma horizontally extended 2-armed, each 1/2 with 1 distinct apical forward-projecting papillae and diffuse terminal papillae (possibly 2 confluent). Capsule linear, straight, 30-44 × 2-3 mm; style 3-4 mm. Seeds in 1 row, 1.5-1.8 mm, lenticular with linear impressions in concentric rows; caruncle large, membranous, folded back over seed. Fl. and fr. May-Aug.
Valleys, wet areas, thickets on foothills; 200-700 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Taiwan, Yunnan (Funing, Hekou), Zhejiang [Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Laos, Vietnam].
Some plants from Taiwan differ in the broader limbs of outer petals.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Corydalis balansae Prain
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：北越紫堇
异名（Synonym）：Corydalis ecalcarata (Z. Y. Su) Y. H. Zhang Corydalis taitoensis Hayata Corydalis lofouensis H. Lév. Corydalis pseudotomentella Fedde Corydalis cavaleriei H. Lév. et Van. Corydalis racemosa var. ecalcarata Z. Y. Su Corydalis omphalocarpa Hayata Corydalis tashiroi Makino Corydalis nokoensis Hayata
科属（Family & Genus）：罂粟科（Papaveraceae）紫堇属
形态特征（Description）：灰绿色丛生草本，高30-50厘米，具主根。茎具棱，疏散分枝，枝条花葶状，常对叶生。基生叶早枯，通常不明显。下部茎生叶约长15-30厘米，具长柄，叶片上面绿色，下面苍白色，约长7.5-15厘米，宽6-10厘米，二回羽状全裂，一回羽片约3-5对，具短柄，二回羽片常1-2对，近无柄，约长2-2.5厘米，宽1.2-2厘米，卵圆形，基部楔形至平截，约二回三裂至具3-5圆齿状裂片，裂片顶端圆饨，多少具短尖。总状花序多花而疏离，具明显花序轴。苞片披针形至长圆状披针形，长约4-7毫米。花梗长3-5毫米。花黄色至黄白色，近平展。萼片卵圆形，长约2毫米，边缘具小齿。外花瓣勺状，具龙骨状突起，顶端较狭，微凹至近平截，鸡冠状突起仅限于龙骨状突起之上，不伸达顶端。上花瓣长1.5-2厘米；距短囊状，约占花瓣全长的1/4;蜜腺体短，约占距长的1/3。下花瓣长约1.3厘米，瓣片与爪的过渡部分较狭。内花瓣长约1.2厘米，爪长于瓣片。雄蕊束披针形，具3条纵脉，上部渐尖成丝状。柱头横向伸出2臂，各枝顶端具3乳突。蒴果线状长圆形，约长3厘米，宽3毫米，斜伸或多少下垂，具1列种子。种子黑亮，扁圆形，具印痕状凹点，具大而舟状的种阜。
分布（Distribution）：产云南、广西、贵州、湖南、广东、香港、福建、台湾、湖北、江西、安徽、浙江、江苏、山东，生于海拔200-700米左右的山谷或沟边湿地。日本、越南、老挝有分布。
用途（Use）：全草药用，有清热祛火功能。山东用作土黄连。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 7 Page 308, 309, 311
Corydalis balansae Prain, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 65: 25. 1896.
北越紫堇 bei yue zi jin| Papaveraceae | Corydalis
Corydalis cavaleriei H. Léveillé & Vaniot; C. ecalcarata (Z. Y. Su) Y. H. Zhang; C. formosana Hayata; C. lofouensis H. Léveillé; C. nokoensis Hayata; C. omphalocarpa Hayata; C. orthocarpa Hayata; C. pseudotomentella Fedde; C. racemosa (Thunberg) Persoon var. ecalcarata Z. Y. Su; C. taitoensis Hayata; C. tashiroi Makino.
Herbs, annual, glaucous, 15-50 cm, with simple taproot. Stems ridged, slender, branched and leafy throughout. Leaves: petiole 4-13 cm; blade pale abaxially, green adaxially, ovate to ovate-oblong, or lower leaves triangular, 7-15 × 6-10 cm, bipinnate; pinnae distant, (2 or)3 or 4 pairs, petiolulate; pinnules 1 or 2 pairs, almost sessile, deeply divided into 3-5 oblong to ovate mucronulate lobes. Raceme lax, 3-15-flowered, first produced raceme usually longer and many flowered; bracts ovate to lanceolate, 4-7 mm, acute to shortly acuminate. Pedicel 3-5 mm. Sepals ovate, 1(-2?) mm, dentate. Corolla yellow to yellowish white. Outer petals narrow, retuse to truncate, dentate with short dentate crest not reaching apex; upper petal 15-17 mm (smaller in cleistogamous flowers); spur saccate, ca. 3 mm; nectary 1/3-1/2 of spur; inner petals 10-12 mm, dorsal crests rounded, overtopping apex. Stigma horizontally extended 2-armed, each 1/2 with 1 distinct apical forward-projecting papillae and diffuse terminal papillae (possibly 2 confluent). Capsule linear, straight, 30-44 × 2-3 mm; style 3-4 mm. Seeds in 1 row, 1.5-1.8 mm, lenticular with linear impressions in concentric rows; caruncle large, membranous, folded back over seed. Fl. and fr. May-Aug.
Valleys, wet areas, thickets on foothills; 200-700 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Taiwan, Yunnan (Funing, Hekou), Zhejiang [Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Laos, Vietnam].
Some plants from Taiwan differ in the broader limbs of outer petals.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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