甜麻Corchorus aestuans
中文名（Chinese Name）：甜麻
学名（Scientific Name）：Corchorus aestuans L.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：假黄麻
异名（Synonym）：Corchorus acutangulus Lam. Corchorus acutangulus var. brachycarpus Domin Corchorus aesticans Hill Corchorus campestris Macfad. Corchorus furcatus G.Don Corchorus fuscus Roxb. Corchorus oppositiflorus Hassk.
科属（Family & Genus）：椴树科（Tiliaceae）黄麻属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本，高约1米，茎红褐色，稍被淡黄色柔毛；枝细长，披散。叶卵形或阔卵形，长4.5-6.5厘米，宽3-4厘米，顶端短渐尖或急尖，基部圆形，两面均有稀疏的长粗毛，边缘有锯齿，近基部一对锯齿往往延伸成尾状的小裂片，基出脉5-7条；叶柄长0.9-1.6厘米，被淡黄色的长粗毛。花单独或数朵组成聚伞花序生于叶腋或腋外，花序柄或花柄均极短或近于无；萼片5片，狭窄长圆形，长约5毫米，上部半凹陷如舟状，顶端具角，外面紫红色；花瓣5片，与萼片近等长，倒卵形，黄色；雄蕊多数，长约3毫米，黄色；子房长圆柱形，被柔毛，花柱圆棒状，柱头如喙，5齿裂。蒴果长筒形，长约2.5厘米，直径约5毫米，具6条纵棱，其中3-4棱呈翅状突起，顶端有3-4条向外延伸的角，角二叉，成熟时3-4瓣裂，果瓣有浅横隔；种子多数。花期夏季。
分布（Distribution）：产长江以南各省区，生长于荒地、旷野、村旁，为南方各地常见的杂草。热带亚洲、中美洲及非洲有分布。
用途（Use）：纤维可作为黄麻代用品，用作编织及造纸原料；嫩叶可供食用；入药可作清凉解热剂。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 12 Page 249
Corchorus aestuans Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10. 2: 1079. 1759.
甜麻 tian ma| Tiliaceae | Corchorus
Herbs annual, to 1 m tall. Stem red-brown, slightly yellowish puberulent; branches slender. Petiole 0.9-1.6 cm, with yellowish, long, rigid hairs; leaf blade ovate or broadly ovate, 4.5-6.5 × 3-4 cm, sparsely pilose on both surfaces, glabrescent, basal veins 5-7, lateral veins 3-6 pairs, base rounded, margin serrate, basal pair of teeth usually elongating into filiform or caudate appendages, apex shortly acuminate or acute. Flowers solitary or several together in cymes, axillary or leaf-opposed; peduncle and pedicel very short or absent. Sepals 5, purple-red abaxially, narrowly oblong, ca. 5 mm, semi-foveolately boat-shaped distally, apex awned. Petals 5, yellow, nearly as long as sepals, obovate. Stamens many, yellow, ca. 3 mm. Ovary 3-5-loculed, long cylindrical, puberulent; style rodlike; stigma beaklike, 5-toothed. Capsule cylindrical, angled, 3-5-valved, 1.2-2.5 × ca. 0.5 cm, apex 3-5-angled, awns bifurcate. Seeds separated by transverse septum. Fl. summer-autumn.
Widely cultivated. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; tropical Africa, Australia, Central America, West Indies].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Corchorus aestuans L.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：假黄麻
异名（Synonym）：Corchorus acutangulus Lam. Corchorus acutangulus var. brachycarpus Domin Corchorus aesticans Hill Corchorus campestris Macfad. Corchorus furcatus G.Don Corchorus fuscus Roxb. Corchorus oppositiflorus Hassk.
科属（Family & Genus）：椴树科（Tiliaceae）黄麻属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本，高约1米，茎红褐色，稍被淡黄色柔毛；枝细长，披散。叶卵形或阔卵形，长4.5-6.5厘米，宽3-4厘米，顶端短渐尖或急尖，基部圆形，两面均有稀疏的长粗毛，边缘有锯齿，近基部一对锯齿往往延伸成尾状的小裂片，基出脉5-7条；叶柄长0.9-1.6厘米，被淡黄色的长粗毛。花单独或数朵组成聚伞花序生于叶腋或腋外，花序柄或花柄均极短或近于无；萼片5片，狭窄长圆形，长约5毫米，上部半凹陷如舟状，顶端具角，外面紫红色；花瓣5片，与萼片近等长，倒卵形，黄色；雄蕊多数，长约3毫米，黄色；子房长圆柱形，被柔毛，花柱圆棒状，柱头如喙，5齿裂。蒴果长筒形，长约2.5厘米，直径约5毫米，具6条纵棱，其中3-4棱呈翅状突起，顶端有3-4条向外延伸的角，角二叉，成熟时3-4瓣裂，果瓣有浅横隔；种子多数。花期夏季。
分布（Distribution）：产长江以南各省区，生长于荒地、旷野、村旁，为南方各地常见的杂草。热带亚洲、中美洲及非洲有分布。
用途（Use）：纤维可作为黄麻代用品，用作编织及造纸原料；嫩叶可供食用；入药可作清凉解热剂。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 12 Page 249
Corchorus aestuans Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10. 2: 1079. 1759.
甜麻 tian ma| Tiliaceae | Corchorus
Herbs annual, to 1 m tall. Stem red-brown, slightly yellowish puberulent; branches slender. Petiole 0.9-1.6 cm, with yellowish, long, rigid hairs; leaf blade ovate or broadly ovate, 4.5-6.5 × 3-4 cm, sparsely pilose on both surfaces, glabrescent, basal veins 5-7, lateral veins 3-6 pairs, base rounded, margin serrate, basal pair of teeth usually elongating into filiform or caudate appendages, apex shortly acuminate or acute. Flowers solitary or several together in cymes, axillary or leaf-opposed; peduncle and pedicel very short or absent. Sepals 5, purple-red abaxially, narrowly oblong, ca. 5 mm, semi-foveolately boat-shaped distally, apex awned. Petals 5, yellow, nearly as long as sepals, obovate. Stamens many, yellow, ca. 3 mm. Ovary 3-5-loculed, long cylindrical, puberulent; style rodlike; stigma beaklike, 5-toothed. Capsule cylindrical, angled, 3-5-valved, 1.2-2.5 × ca. 0.5 cm, apex 3-5-angled, awns bifurcate. Seeds separated by transverse septum. Fl. summer-autumn.
Widely cultivated. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; tropical Africa, Australia, Central America, West Indies].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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