毛麝香Adenosma glutinosum

中文名(Chinese Name):毛麝香
学名(Scientific Name):Adenosma glutinosum (L.) Druce
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Adenosma glutinosum var. caeruleum (R. Br.) P. C. Tsoong  Digitalis sinensis Lour.  Pterostigma grandiflorum Benth.  Adenosma caeruleum R. Br.  Adenosma grandiflorum Benth. ex Hance  Pterostigma rubiginosum Walp.  Spathestigma glutinosum Hook. & Arn.
科属(Family & Genus):玄参科(Scrophulariaceae)毛麝香属
形态特征(Description):直立草本,密被多细胞长柔毛和腺毛,高30-100厘米。茎圆柱形,上部四方形,中空,简单或常有分枝。叶对生,上部的多少互生,有长3-20毫米的柄;叶片披针状卵形至宽卵形,长2-10厘米,宽1-5厘米,其形状、大小均多变异,先端锐尖,基部楔形至截形或亚心形,边缘具不整齐的齿,有时为重齿,上面被平伏的多细胞长柔毛,沿中肋凹沟密生短毛;下面亦被多细胞长柔毛,尤以沿中肋及侧脉为多,并有稠密的黄色腺点,腺点脱落后留下褐色凹窝。花单生叶腋或在茎、枝顶端集成较密的总状花序;花梗长5-15毫米,在果中长可达20毫米;苞片叶状而较小,在花序顶端的几为条形而全缘;小苞片条形,长5-9毫米,贴生于萼筒基部;萼5深裂,长7-13毫米,在果时稍增大而宿存;萼齿全缘,与花梗、小苞片同被多细胞长柔毛及腺毛,并有腺点;花冠紫红色或蓝紫色,长9-28毫米,上唇卵圆形,先端截形至微凹,下唇三裂,有时偶有4裂,侧裂稍大于中裂,先端钝圆或微凹;雄蕊后方一对较粗短,药室均成熟;前方一对较长,花药仅1室成熟,另一室退化为腺状;花柱向上逐渐变宽而具薄质的翅。蒴果卵形,先端具嚎,有2纵沟,长5-9.5毫米,宽3-6毫米;种子矩圆形,褐色至棕色,长约0.7毫米,宽0.4毫米,有网纹。花果期7-10月。
分布(Distribution):分布于江西、福建、广东、广西及云南,生于海拔300-2000米的荒山坡、疏林下湿润处。南亚、东南亚及大洋洲也有。
用途(Use):全草药用。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 18 Page 25     
Adenosma glutinosum (Linnaeus) Druce, Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles. 3: 413. 1914.
毛麝香 mao she xiang| Scrophulariaceae  | Adenosma
Gerardia glutinosa Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 611. 1753; Adenosma caeruleum R. Brown; A. glutinosum var. caeruleum (R. Brown) P. C. Tsoong; Digitalis sinensis Loureiro; Pterostigma grandiflorum Bentham.
Herbs, 30-100 cm tall. Stems erect, densely villous with eglandular and glandular hairs. Petiole 3-10(-15) mm; leaf blade lanceolate-ovate to broadly ovate, 2-10 X 1-5 cm, abaxially villous and densely yellow punctate glandular, adaxially villous especially along midrib; base cuneate, truncate, or subcordate, margin irregularly serrate and sometimes double serrate, apex acute, midrib concave. Flowers axillary and solitary or in dense racemes apically on stems and branches; bracts small. Pedicel 0.5-1.5 cm, to 2 cm in fruit. Bracteoles linear, 5-9 mm, adnate to base of calyx. Calyx 0.7-1.3 cm; lobes entire, narrowly lanceolate. Corolla purple-red to violet, 0.9-2.8 cm; lower lip 3(or 4)-lobed; upper lip ovate-orbicular, apex truncate to emarginate. Anterior anthers with 1 locule fertile; posterior anthers with both locules fertile. Style gradually widening and narrowly winged. Capsule ovoid, 5-9.5 X 3-6 mm, 2-grooved, apex beaked. Seeds brown to dark brown. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct.
Mountain slopes, wet places under sparse forests; 300-2000 m. Fujian, Guangxi, Hainan, Jiangxi, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia, Oceania].
Used medicinally.                     
 毛麝香Adenosma glutinosum

毛麝香Adenosma glutinosum

毛麝香Adenosma glutinosum
 
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