木通Akebia quinata
中文名(Chinese Name):木通
学名(Scientific Name):Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Decne.
英文名(English Common Name):野木瓜
别名(Chinese Common Name):chocolate vine
异名(Synonym):Akebia micrantha Nakai Rajania quinata Houtt. Akebia quinata var. polyphylla Nakai Akebia quinata var. yiehii W. C. Cheng Akebia quinata f. viridiflora Makino Akebia quinata f. albiflora Y.N.Lee Akebia quinata f. diplochlamys (Makino) T. Shimizu Akebia quinata f. polyphylla (Nakai) Hiyama Akebia quinata var. diplochlamys Makino Akebia quinata var. yechi W.C. Cheng
科属(Family & Genus):木通科(Lardizabalaceae)木通属
形态特征(Description):落叶木质藤本。茎纤细,圆柱形,缠绕,茎皮灰褐色,有圆形、小而凸起的皮孔;芽鳞片覆瓦状排列,淡红褐色。掌状复叶互生或在短枝上的簇生,通常有小叶5片,偶有3-4片或6-7片;叶柄纤细,长4.5-10厘米;小叶纸质,倒卵形或倒卵状椭圆形,长2-5厘米,宽1.5-2.5厘米,先端圆或凹入,具小凸尖,基部圆或阔楔形,上面深绿色,下面青白色;中脉在上面凹入,下面凸起,侧脉每边5-7条,与网脉均在两面凸起;小叶柄纤细,长8-10毫米,中间1枚长可达18毫米。伞房花序式的总状花序腋生,长6-12厘米,疏花,基部有雌花1-2朵,以上4-10朵为雄花;总花梗长2-5厘米;着生于缩短的侧枝上,基部为芽鳞片所包托;花略芳香。雄花:花梗纤细,长7-10毫米;萼片通常3有时4片或5片,淡紫色,偶有淡绿色或白色,兜状阔卵形,顶端圆形,长6-8毫米,宽4-6毫米;雄蕊6(7),离生,初时直立,后内弯,花丝极短,花药长圆形,钝头;退化心皮3-6枚,小。雌花:花梗细长,长2-4(5)厘米;萼片暗紫色,偶有绿色或白色,阔椭圆形至近圆形,长1-2厘米,宽8-15毫米;心皮3-6(9)枚,离生,圆柱形,柱头盾状,顶生;退化雄蕊6-9枚。果孪生或单生,长圆形或椭圆形,长5-8厘米,直径3-4厘米,成熟时紫色,腹缝开裂;种子多数,卵状长圆形,略扁平,不规则的多行排列,着生于白色、多汁的果肉中,种皮褐色或黑色,有光泽。花期4-5月,果期6-8月。
分布(Distribution):产于长江流域各省区,生于海拔300-1500米的山地灌木丛、林缘和沟谷中。日本和朝鲜有分布。
用途(Use):茎、根和果实药用,利尿、通乳、消炎,治风湿关节炎和腰痛;果味甜可食,种子榨油,可制肥皂。
引自植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 6 Page 441
Akebia quinata (Houttuyn) Decaisne, Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. 1: 195, fig. 1(a-c). 1839.
木通 mu tong | Lardizabalaceae | Akebia
Rajania quinata Houttuyn, Nat. Hist. 11: 366. 1779; Akebia micrantha Nakai; A. quinata var. polyphylla Nakai; A. quinata var. yiehii W. C. Cheng.
Woody climbers, deciduous. Stems grayish brown, slender, cylindric; lenticels prominent, small, orbicular. Winter bud outer scales imbricate, pale red-brown. Petiole slender, 4.5--10 cm; petiolules slender, 0.8--1.5(--2.5) cm; leaflets (3--)5(--7), obovate to obovate-elliptic, papery, abaxially glaucous, adaxially dark green, base rounded to broadly cuneate, apex rounded and usually emarginate and cuspidate; lateral leaflets 2--5 × 1.5--2.5 cm; terminal leaflet 2.5--5(--7) cm. Racemes fascicled, 6--12 cm; bracts imbricate, scaly; peduncle ca. 2.5 cm, axillary on short branches. Flowers slightly fragrant. Male flowers: 4--8 (--11). Pedicel slender, 7--10 mm. Sepals 3(--5), pale purple, occasionally pale green or white, broadly cucullate-ovate, 6--8 × 4--6 mm, apex rounded. Stamens 6(or 7), straight at first, incurved at length; filaments very short; anthers oblong. Pistillodes 3--6, small. Female flowers: pedicel slender, 2--4(--5) cm. Sepals dark purple, occasionally green or white, broadly elliptic to suborbicular, 1--2 × 0.8--1.5 cm. Staminode 6--9. Carpels 3--6(--9). Fruit purplish at maturity, straight or slightly incurved, oblong to ellipsoid, 5--8 × 3--4 cm. Seeds ovoid-oblong, compressed, pulp white; seed coat brown to black, shiny. Fl. Apr--May, fr. Jun--Aug.
Forest margins along streams, scrub on mountain slopes; 300--1500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Henan, E Hubei, E Hunan, Jiangsu, N Jiangxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
The roots, stems, and fruits are used medicinally.




(责任编辑:徐晔春)
学名(Scientific Name):Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Decne.
英文名(English Common Name):野木瓜
别名(Chinese Common Name):chocolate vine
异名(Synonym):Akebia micrantha Nakai Rajania quinata Houtt. Akebia quinata var. polyphylla Nakai Akebia quinata var. yiehii W. C. Cheng Akebia quinata f. viridiflora Makino Akebia quinata f. albiflora Y.N.Lee Akebia quinata f. diplochlamys (Makino) T. Shimizu Akebia quinata f. polyphylla (Nakai) Hiyama Akebia quinata var. diplochlamys Makino Akebia quinata var. yechi W.C. Cheng
科属(Family & Genus):木通科(Lardizabalaceae)木通属
形态特征(Description):落叶木质藤本。茎纤细,圆柱形,缠绕,茎皮灰褐色,有圆形、小而凸起的皮孔;芽鳞片覆瓦状排列,淡红褐色。掌状复叶互生或在短枝上的簇生,通常有小叶5片,偶有3-4片或6-7片;叶柄纤细,长4.5-10厘米;小叶纸质,倒卵形或倒卵状椭圆形,长2-5厘米,宽1.5-2.5厘米,先端圆或凹入,具小凸尖,基部圆或阔楔形,上面深绿色,下面青白色;中脉在上面凹入,下面凸起,侧脉每边5-7条,与网脉均在两面凸起;小叶柄纤细,长8-10毫米,中间1枚长可达18毫米。伞房花序式的总状花序腋生,长6-12厘米,疏花,基部有雌花1-2朵,以上4-10朵为雄花;总花梗长2-5厘米;着生于缩短的侧枝上,基部为芽鳞片所包托;花略芳香。雄花:花梗纤细,长7-10毫米;萼片通常3有时4片或5片,淡紫色,偶有淡绿色或白色,兜状阔卵形,顶端圆形,长6-8毫米,宽4-6毫米;雄蕊6(7),离生,初时直立,后内弯,花丝极短,花药长圆形,钝头;退化心皮3-6枚,小。雌花:花梗细长,长2-4(5)厘米;萼片暗紫色,偶有绿色或白色,阔椭圆形至近圆形,长1-2厘米,宽8-15毫米;心皮3-6(9)枚,离生,圆柱形,柱头盾状,顶生;退化雄蕊6-9枚。果孪生或单生,长圆形或椭圆形,长5-8厘米,直径3-4厘米,成熟时紫色,腹缝开裂;种子多数,卵状长圆形,略扁平,不规则的多行排列,着生于白色、多汁的果肉中,种皮褐色或黑色,有光泽。花期4-5月,果期6-8月。
分布(Distribution):产于长江流域各省区,生于海拔300-1500米的山地灌木丛、林缘和沟谷中。日本和朝鲜有分布。
用途(Use):茎、根和果实药用,利尿、通乳、消炎,治风湿关节炎和腰痛;果味甜可食,种子榨油,可制肥皂。
引自植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 6 Page 441
Akebia quinata (Houttuyn) Decaisne, Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. 1: 195, fig. 1(a-c). 1839.
木通 mu tong | Lardizabalaceae | Akebia
Rajania quinata Houttuyn, Nat. Hist. 11: 366. 1779; Akebia micrantha Nakai; A. quinata var. polyphylla Nakai; A. quinata var. yiehii W. C. Cheng.
Woody climbers, deciduous. Stems grayish brown, slender, cylindric; lenticels prominent, small, orbicular. Winter bud outer scales imbricate, pale red-brown. Petiole slender, 4.5--10 cm; petiolules slender, 0.8--1.5(--2.5) cm; leaflets (3--)5(--7), obovate to obovate-elliptic, papery, abaxially glaucous, adaxially dark green, base rounded to broadly cuneate, apex rounded and usually emarginate and cuspidate; lateral leaflets 2--5 × 1.5--2.5 cm; terminal leaflet 2.5--5(--7) cm. Racemes fascicled, 6--12 cm; bracts imbricate, scaly; peduncle ca. 2.5 cm, axillary on short branches. Flowers slightly fragrant. Male flowers: 4--8 (--11). Pedicel slender, 7--10 mm. Sepals 3(--5), pale purple, occasionally pale green or white, broadly cucullate-ovate, 6--8 × 4--6 mm, apex rounded. Stamens 6(or 7), straight at first, incurved at length; filaments very short; anthers oblong. Pistillodes 3--6, small. Female flowers: pedicel slender, 2--4(--5) cm. Sepals dark purple, occasionally green or white, broadly elliptic to suborbicular, 1--2 × 0.8--1.5 cm. Staminode 6--9. Carpels 3--6(--9). Fruit purplish at maturity, straight or slightly incurved, oblong to ellipsoid, 5--8 × 3--4 cm. Seeds ovoid-oblong, compressed, pulp white; seed coat brown to black, shiny. Fl. Apr--May, fr. Jun--Aug.
Forest margins along streams, scrub on mountain slopes; 300--1500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Henan, E Hubei, E Hunan, Jiangsu, N Jiangxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
The roots, stems, and fruits are used medicinally.
(责任编辑:徐晔春)
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