睡菜Menyanthes trifoliata

中文名(Chinese Name):睡菜
学名(Scientific Name):Menyanthes trifoliata L.
英文名(English Common Name):buckbean
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名Synonym):Menyanthes trifoliata var. minor Raf.
科属Family & Genus):龙胆科(Gentianaceae)睡菜属
形态特征Description):多年生沼生草本。匍匐状根状茎粗大,黄褐色,节上有膜质鳞片形叶。叶全部基生,挺出水面,三出复叶,小叶椭圆形,长2.5-4(8)厘米,宽1.2-2(4)厘米,先端钝圆,基部楔形,全缘或边缘微波状,中脉明显,无小叶柄,总叶柄长12-20(30)厘米,下部变宽,鞘状。花葶由根状茎顶端鳞片形叶腋中抽出,高30-35厘米;总状花序多花;苞片卵形,长5-7毫米,先端钝,全缘;花梗斜伸,长1-1.8厘米;花5数;花萼长4-5毫米,分裂至近基部,萼筒甚短,裂片卵形,先端钝,脉不明显;花冠白色,筒形,长14-17毫米,上部内面具白色长流苏状毛,其余光滑,裂片椭圆状披针形,长7.5-10毫米,先端钝;雄蕊着生于冠筒中部,整齐,花丝扁平,线形,长5.5-6.5毫米,花药箭形,长1.8-2毫米;子房无柄,椭圆形,长3-4毫米,先端钝,花柱线形,连柱头长6-7毫米,柱头不膨大,2裂,裂片矩圆形。蒴果球形,长6-7毫米;种子臌胀,圆形,长2-2.5毫米,表面平滑,花果期5-7月。
分布(Distribution):产西藏、云南、四川、贵州、河北、黑龙江、辽宁、吉林、浙江。在海拔450-3600米沼泽中成群落生长。广布于北半球温带地区。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 16 Page 140      
Menyanthes trifoliata Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 145. 1753.
睡菜 shi cai| Menyanthaceae  | Menyanthes
Rhizomes usually in mud but sometimes floating. Petiole erect, 12-20(-30) cm; leaf blade base vaginate; leaflets elliptic, 2.5-4(-8) cm, base cuneate, margin entire or crenulate, apex obtuse, midvein distinct. Inflorescences many flowered; racemes including scape 30-35 cm; bracts 5-7 mm, margin entire, apex obtuse. Pedicel spreading, 1-1.8 cm. Calyx 4-5 mm; lobes ovate, apex obtuse. Corolla white, tubular, 1.4-1.7 cm, outside glabrous, inside long fimbriate pilose; lobes elliptic-lanceolate, 7.5-10 mm, apex obtuse. Filaments linear, 5.5-6.5 mm; anthers sagittate, 1.8-2 mm. Styles linear, short styles 6-7 mm, long styles 1-1.2 cm; stigma lobes oblong. Capsules globose, 6-7 mm in diam. Seeds orbicular, 2-2.5 mm in diam., smooth. Fl. and fr. May-Jul.
Swamps, growing in mud and in open water; 400-3600 m. Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, NE Zhejiang [Japan, Kashmir, Mongolia, Nepal, Russia; N Africa, N America, C and SW Asia, Europe].
睡菜Menyanthes trifoliata

睡菜Menyanthes trifoliata

睡菜Menyanthes trifoliata
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