鱼尾葵 Caryota maxima
中文名(Chinese Name):鱼尾葵
学名(Scientific Name):Caryota maxima Blume ex Mart.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):青棕、假桄榔
异名(Synonym):Caryota ochlandra Hance Caryota aequatorialis (Becc.) Ridl. Caryota bacsonensis Magalon Caryota furfuracea var. caudata Blume Caryota furfuracea var. furcata Blume Caryota macrantha Burret Caryota obtusa var. aequatorialis Becc. Caryota rumphiana var. javanica Becc. Caryota rumphiana var. oxyodonta Becc. Caryota rumphiana var. philippinensis Becc.
科属(Family & Genus):棕榈科(Palmae)鱼尾葵属
形态特征(Description):乔木状,高10-15(-20)米,直径15-35厘米,茎绿色,被白色的毡状绒毛,具环状叶痕。叶长3-4米,幼叶近革质,老叶厚革质;羽片长15-60厘米,宽3-10厘米,互生,罕见顶部的近对生,最上部的1羽片大,楔形,先端2-3裂,侧边的羽片小,菱形,外缘笔直,内缘上半部或l/4以上弧曲成不规则的齿缺,且延伸成短尖或尾尖。佛焰苞与花序无糠秕状的鳞秕;花序长3-3.5(-5)米,具多数穗状的分枝花序,长1.5-2.5米;雄花花萼与花瓣不被脱落性的毡状绒毛,萼片宽圆形,长约5毫米,宽6毫米,盖萼片小于被盖的侧萼片,表面具疣状凸起,边缘不具半圆齿,无毛,花瓣椭圆形,长约2厘米,宽8毫米,黄色,雄蕊(31-)50-111枚,花药线形,长约9毫米,黄色,花丝近白色;雌花花萼长约3毫米,宽5毫米,顶端全缘,花瓣长约5毫米;退化雄蕊3枚,钻状,为花冠长的1/3倍;子房近卵状三棱形,柱头2裂。果实球形,成熟时红色,直径1.5-2厘米。种子1颗,罕为2颗,胚乳嚼烂状。花期5-7月,果期8-11月。
分布(Distribution):产福建、广东、海南、广西、云南等省区,生于海拔450-700米的山坡或沟谷林中。亚热带地区有分布。
用途(Use):本种树形美丽,可作庭园绿化植物;茎髓含淀粉,可作桄榔粉的代用品。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 23 Page 150
Caryota maxima Blume ex Martius, Hist. Nat. Palm. 3: 195. 1838.
鱼尾葵 yu wei kui | Arecaceae | Caryota
Caryota aequatorialis (Beccari) Ridley; C. bacsonensis Magalon; C. furfuracea Blume var. caudata Blume; C. furfuracea var. furcata Blume; C. macrantha Burret; C. obtusa Griffith var. aequatorialis Beccari; C. ochlandra Hance; C. rumphiana Martius var. javanica Beccari; C. rumphiana var. oxydonta Beccari; C. rumphiana var. philippinensis Beccari.
Stems solitary, to 30 m tall, 25-64 cm in diam., columnar. Leaves borne along upper half of stem; petioles 8-30 cm; rachis 2.7-4.2 m; primary pinnae to 27 per side of rachis, pendulous; secondary pinnae 12-27 per side of secondary rachis, with deeply jagged margins. Inflorescences borne among leaves, to 3.5 m; rachillae 80-170, 1.5-2.1 m; male flowers to 15 mm; sepals ca. 5 mm; petals yellowish, 12-15 mm; stamens 80-100; female flowers to 10 mm; sepals ca. 5 mm; petals 6-8 mm. Fruits dull reddish or orange, globose, to 2.5 cm in diam., 1-seeded.
Lowland to montane rain forests or disturbed areas, often planted or naturalized; 200-1800 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia (Java, Sumatra), Laos, Malaysia (Peninsular), Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
The palm heart is eaten; the stems are used to make implements; and the sheath fibers are used for tinder.
(责任编辑:徐晔春)
学名(Scientific Name):Caryota maxima Blume ex Mart.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):青棕、假桄榔
异名(Synonym):Caryota ochlandra Hance Caryota aequatorialis (Becc.) Ridl. Caryota bacsonensis Magalon Caryota furfuracea var. caudata Blume Caryota furfuracea var. furcata Blume Caryota macrantha Burret Caryota obtusa var. aequatorialis Becc. Caryota rumphiana var. javanica Becc. Caryota rumphiana var. oxyodonta Becc. Caryota rumphiana var. philippinensis Becc.
科属(Family & Genus):棕榈科(Palmae)鱼尾葵属
形态特征(Description):乔木状,高10-15(-20)米,直径15-35厘米,茎绿色,被白色的毡状绒毛,具环状叶痕。叶长3-4米,幼叶近革质,老叶厚革质;羽片长15-60厘米,宽3-10厘米,互生,罕见顶部的近对生,最上部的1羽片大,楔形,先端2-3裂,侧边的羽片小,菱形,外缘笔直,内缘上半部或l/4以上弧曲成不规则的齿缺,且延伸成短尖或尾尖。佛焰苞与花序无糠秕状的鳞秕;花序长3-3.5(-5)米,具多数穗状的分枝花序,长1.5-2.5米;雄花花萼与花瓣不被脱落性的毡状绒毛,萼片宽圆形,长约5毫米,宽6毫米,盖萼片小于被盖的侧萼片,表面具疣状凸起,边缘不具半圆齿,无毛,花瓣椭圆形,长约2厘米,宽8毫米,黄色,雄蕊(31-)50-111枚,花药线形,长约9毫米,黄色,花丝近白色;雌花花萼长约3毫米,宽5毫米,顶端全缘,花瓣长约5毫米;退化雄蕊3枚,钻状,为花冠长的1/3倍;子房近卵状三棱形,柱头2裂。果实球形,成熟时红色,直径1.5-2厘米。种子1颗,罕为2颗,胚乳嚼烂状。花期5-7月,果期8-11月。
分布(Distribution):产福建、广东、海南、广西、云南等省区,生于海拔450-700米的山坡或沟谷林中。亚热带地区有分布。
用途(Use):本种树形美丽,可作庭园绿化植物;茎髓含淀粉,可作桄榔粉的代用品。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 23 Page 150
Caryota maxima Blume ex Martius, Hist. Nat. Palm. 3: 195. 1838.
鱼尾葵 yu wei kui | Arecaceae | Caryota
Caryota aequatorialis (Beccari) Ridley; C. bacsonensis Magalon; C. furfuracea Blume var. caudata Blume; C. furfuracea var. furcata Blume; C. macrantha Burret; C. obtusa Griffith var. aequatorialis Beccari; C. ochlandra Hance; C. rumphiana Martius var. javanica Beccari; C. rumphiana var. oxydonta Beccari; C. rumphiana var. philippinensis Beccari.
Stems solitary, to 30 m tall, 25-64 cm in diam., columnar. Leaves borne along upper half of stem; petioles 8-30 cm; rachis 2.7-4.2 m; primary pinnae to 27 per side of rachis, pendulous; secondary pinnae 12-27 per side of secondary rachis, with deeply jagged margins. Inflorescences borne among leaves, to 3.5 m; rachillae 80-170, 1.5-2.1 m; male flowers to 15 mm; sepals ca. 5 mm; petals yellowish, 12-15 mm; stamens 80-100; female flowers to 10 mm; sepals ca. 5 mm; petals 6-8 mm. Fruits dull reddish or orange, globose, to 2.5 cm in diam., 1-seeded.
Lowland to montane rain forests or disturbed areas, often planted or naturalized; 200-1800 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia (Java, Sumatra), Laos, Malaysia (Peninsular), Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
The palm heart is eaten; the stems are used to make implements; and the sheath fibers are used for tinder.
(责任编辑:徐晔春)
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