玉兰Yulania denudata
中文名（Chinese Name）：玉兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Yulania denudata (Desr.) D. L. Fu
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：木兰、玉兰花
异名（Synonym）：Magnolia denudata var. angustitepala T. B. Chao et Z. S. Chun Magnolia denudata var. pyramidalis T. B. Chao et Z. X. Chen Magnolia denudata var. pyriformis T. D. Yang et T. C. Cui Magnolia conspicua Salisb. Magnolia obovata var. denudata (Desr.) DC. Lassonia heptapeta Buc'hoz Lassonia heptapetala Buc'hoz Magnolia yulan Desf. Magnolia heptapetala (Buc'hoz) Dandy Michelia yulan (Desf.) Kostel. Yulania conspicua (Salisb.) Spach Gwillimia yulan (Desf.) Vos Yulania denudata var. pyramidalis (T. B. Chao et Zhi X. Chen) D. L. Fu Magnolia alexandrina Steud. Magnolia citriodora Steud. Magnolia cyathiformis Rinz ex K. Koch Magnolia conspicua var. purpurascens Maxim. Yulania denudata var. flava D. L. Fu, T. B. Chao et Zhi X. Chen Yulania denudata var. pubescens D. L. Fu, T. B. Chao et G. H. Tian Yulania denudata var. purpurascens (Maxim.) D. L. Fu Yulania pyriformis (T. D. Yang et T. C. Cui) D. L. Fu Magnolia denudata Desr.
科属（Family & Genus）：木兰科（Magnoliaceae）玉兰属
形态特征（Description）：落叶乔木，高达25米，胸径1米，枝广展形成宽阔的树冠；树皮深灰色，粗糙开裂；小枝稍粗壮，灰褐色；冬芽及花梗密被淡灰黄色长绢毛。叶纸质，倒卵形、宽倒卵形或、倒卵状椭圆形，基部徒长枝叶椭圆形，长10-15（18）厘米，宽6-10 (12)厘米，先端宽圆、平截或稍凹，具短突尖，中部以下渐狭成楔形，叶上深绿色，嫩时被柔毛，后仅中脉及侧脉留有柔毛，下面淡绿色，沿脉上被柔毛，侧脉每边8-10条，网脉明显；叶柄长1-2.5厘米，被柔毛，上面具狭纵沟；托叶痕为叶柄长的1/4-1/3。花蕾卵圆形，花先叶开放，直立，芳香，直径10-16厘米；花梗显著膨大，密被淡黄色长绢毛；花被片9片，白色，基部常带粉红色，近相似，长圆状倒卵形，长6-8（10）厘米，宽2.5-4.5（6.5）厘米；雄蕊长7-12毫米，花药长6-7毫米，侧向开裂；药隔宽约5毫米，顶端伸出成短尖头；雌蕊群淡绿色，无毛，圆柱形，长2-2.5厘米；雌蕊狭卵形，长3-4毫米，具长4毫米的锥尖花柱。聚合果圆柱形（在庭园栽培种常因部分心皮不育而弯曲），长12-15厘米，直径3.5-5厘米；蓇葖厚木质，褐色，具白色皮孔；种子心形，侧扁，高约9毫米，宽约10毫米，外种皮红色，内种皮黑色。花期2-3月（亦常于7-9月再开一次花），果期8-9月。
分布（Distribution）：产江西、浙江、湖南、贵州，生于海拔 500-1000米的林中。
用途（Use）：材质优良，纹理直，结构细，供家具、图板、细木工等用；花蕾入药与“辛夷”功效同；花含芳香油，可提取配制香精或制浸膏；花被片食用或用以熏茶；种子榨油供工业用。早春白花满树，艳丽芳香，为驰名中外的庭园观赏树种。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 7 Page 51, 72, 74, 77
Yulania denudata (Desrousseaux) D. L. Fu, J. Wuhan Bot. Res. 19: 198. 2001.
玉兰 yu lan| Magnoliaceae | Yulania
Magnolia denudata Desrousseaux in Lamarck, Encycl. 3: 675. 1792; Gwillimia yulan (Desfontaines) de Vos; Lassonia heptapeta Buc’hoz, nom. utique rej.; M. alexandrina Steudel; M. citriodora Steudel; M. conspicua Salisbury; M. conspicua var. purpurascens Maximowicz; M. cyathiformis Rinz ex K. Koch; M. denudata var. angustitepala T. B. Chao & Zhi X. Chen; M. denudata var. pyramidalis T. B. Chao & Zhi X. Chen; M. denudata var. pyriformis T. D. Yang & T. C. Cui; M. heptapeta (Buc’hoz) Dandy, comb. rej.; M. obovata Thunberg var. denudata (Desrousseaux) Candolle; M. yulan Desfontaines; Michelia yulan (Desfontaines) Kosteletzky; Yulania conspicua (Salisbury) Spach; Y. denudata var. flava D. L. Fu et al.; Y. denudata subsp. pubescens (D. L. Fu et al.) D. L. Fu et al.; Y. denudata var. pubescens D. L. Fu et al.; Y. denudata var. purpurascens (Maximowicz) D. L. Fu; Y. denudata var. pyramidalis (T. B. Chao & Zhi X. Chen) D. L. Fu; Y. pyriformis (T. D. Yang & T. C. Cui) D. L. Fu.
Trees, to 25 m tall, to 1 m d.b.h. Bark deep gray, coarse and fissured. Winter buds and peduncles densely pale grayish yellow long sericeous. Branches patent and forming a broad crown; twigs grayish brown, slightly thick and strong. Stipular scar 1/4-1/3 as long as petiole. Petiole 1-2.5 cm, villous, adaxially narrowly furrowed; leaf blade obovate, broadly obovate, or obovate-elliptic but basal leaves elliptic, 10-15(-18) × 6-10(-12) cm, papery, gradually narrowing from middle toward base, abaxially pale green and villous along veins, adaxially deep green, villous when young, and later only pilose on midvein and secondary veins, secondary veins 8-10 on each side of midvein, reticulate veins conspicuous, apex broadly rounded, truncate, or slightly emarginate. Peduncle significantly enlarged, densely pale yellow long sericeous. Flower buds ovoid. Flowers appearing before leaves, 10-16 cm in diam., erect, fragrant. Tepals 9, white, oblong-obovate, 6-8(-10) × 2.5-4.5(-6.5) cm, subequal, base usually pinkish. Stamens 7-12 mm; connective ca. 5 mm wide, exserted and forming a mucro; anthers 6-7 mm, dehiscing laterally. Gynoecium pale green, cylindric, 2-2.5 cm, glabrous; ovaries narrowly ovoid, 3-4 mm; styles conical, ca. 4 mm. Fruit cylindric but in cultivation often curved because of carpels partly undeveloped, 12-15 × 3.5-5 cm; mature carpels brown, thickly woody, white lenticellate. Seeds cordate, ca. 9 × 10 mm, laterally compressed; testa red; endotesta black. Fl. Feb-Mar, fr. Aug-Sep. 2n = 76*, 114*.
● Forests; 500-1000 m. Anhui, Chongqing, N Guangdong, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
This species is grown as an ornamental and for timber. It is widely cultivated in temperate parts of the world.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Yulania denudata (Desr.) D. L. Fu
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：木兰、玉兰花
异名（Synonym）：Magnolia denudata var. angustitepala T. B. Chao et Z. S. Chun Magnolia denudata var. pyramidalis T. B. Chao et Z. X. Chen Magnolia denudata var. pyriformis T. D. Yang et T. C. Cui Magnolia conspicua Salisb. Magnolia obovata var. denudata (Desr.) DC. Lassonia heptapeta Buc'hoz Lassonia heptapetala Buc'hoz Magnolia yulan Desf. Magnolia heptapetala (Buc'hoz) Dandy Michelia yulan (Desf.) Kostel. Yulania conspicua (Salisb.) Spach Gwillimia yulan (Desf.) Vos Yulania denudata var. pyramidalis (T. B. Chao et Zhi X. Chen) D. L. Fu Magnolia alexandrina Steud. Magnolia citriodora Steud. Magnolia cyathiformis Rinz ex K. Koch Magnolia conspicua var. purpurascens Maxim. Yulania denudata var. flava D. L. Fu, T. B. Chao et Zhi X. Chen Yulania denudata var. pubescens D. L. Fu, T. B. Chao et G. H. Tian Yulania denudata var. purpurascens (Maxim.) D. L. Fu Yulania pyriformis (T. D. Yang et T. C. Cui) D. L. Fu Magnolia denudata Desr.
科属（Family & Genus）：木兰科（Magnoliaceae）玉兰属
形态特征（Description）：落叶乔木，高达25米，胸径1米，枝广展形成宽阔的树冠；树皮深灰色，粗糙开裂；小枝稍粗壮，灰褐色；冬芽及花梗密被淡灰黄色长绢毛。叶纸质，倒卵形、宽倒卵形或、倒卵状椭圆形，基部徒长枝叶椭圆形，长10-15（18）厘米，宽6-10 (12)厘米，先端宽圆、平截或稍凹，具短突尖，中部以下渐狭成楔形，叶上深绿色，嫩时被柔毛，后仅中脉及侧脉留有柔毛，下面淡绿色，沿脉上被柔毛，侧脉每边8-10条，网脉明显；叶柄长1-2.5厘米，被柔毛，上面具狭纵沟；托叶痕为叶柄长的1/4-1/3。花蕾卵圆形，花先叶开放，直立，芳香，直径10-16厘米；花梗显著膨大，密被淡黄色长绢毛；花被片9片，白色，基部常带粉红色，近相似，长圆状倒卵形，长6-8（10）厘米，宽2.5-4.5（6.5）厘米；雄蕊长7-12毫米，花药长6-7毫米，侧向开裂；药隔宽约5毫米，顶端伸出成短尖头；雌蕊群淡绿色，无毛，圆柱形，长2-2.5厘米；雌蕊狭卵形，长3-4毫米，具长4毫米的锥尖花柱。聚合果圆柱形（在庭园栽培种常因部分心皮不育而弯曲），长12-15厘米，直径3.5-5厘米；蓇葖厚木质，褐色，具白色皮孔；种子心形，侧扁，高约9毫米，宽约10毫米，外种皮红色，内种皮黑色。花期2-3月（亦常于7-9月再开一次花），果期8-9月。
分布（Distribution）：产江西、浙江、湖南、贵州，生于海拔 500-1000米的林中。
用途（Use）：材质优良，纹理直，结构细，供家具、图板、细木工等用；花蕾入药与“辛夷”功效同；花含芳香油，可提取配制香精或制浸膏；花被片食用或用以熏茶；种子榨油供工业用。早春白花满树，艳丽芳香，为驰名中外的庭园观赏树种。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 7 Page 51, 72, 74, 77
Yulania denudata (Desrousseaux) D. L. Fu, J. Wuhan Bot. Res. 19: 198. 2001.
玉兰 yu lan| Magnoliaceae | Yulania
Magnolia denudata Desrousseaux in Lamarck, Encycl. 3: 675. 1792; Gwillimia yulan (Desfontaines) de Vos; Lassonia heptapeta Buc’hoz, nom. utique rej.; M. alexandrina Steudel; M. citriodora Steudel; M. conspicua Salisbury; M. conspicua var. purpurascens Maximowicz; M. cyathiformis Rinz ex K. Koch; M. denudata var. angustitepala T. B. Chao & Zhi X. Chen; M. denudata var. pyramidalis T. B. Chao & Zhi X. Chen; M. denudata var. pyriformis T. D. Yang & T. C. Cui; M. heptapeta (Buc’hoz) Dandy, comb. rej.; M. obovata Thunberg var. denudata (Desrousseaux) Candolle; M. yulan Desfontaines; Michelia yulan (Desfontaines) Kosteletzky; Yulania conspicua (Salisbury) Spach; Y. denudata var. flava D. L. Fu et al.; Y. denudata subsp. pubescens (D. L. Fu et al.) D. L. Fu et al.; Y. denudata var. pubescens D. L. Fu et al.; Y. denudata var. purpurascens (Maximowicz) D. L. Fu; Y. denudata var. pyramidalis (T. B. Chao & Zhi X. Chen) D. L. Fu; Y. pyriformis (T. D. Yang & T. C. Cui) D. L. Fu.
Trees, to 25 m tall, to 1 m d.b.h. Bark deep gray, coarse and fissured. Winter buds and peduncles densely pale grayish yellow long sericeous. Branches patent and forming a broad crown; twigs grayish brown, slightly thick and strong. Stipular scar 1/4-1/3 as long as petiole. Petiole 1-2.5 cm, villous, adaxially narrowly furrowed; leaf blade obovate, broadly obovate, or obovate-elliptic but basal leaves elliptic, 10-15(-18) × 6-10(-12) cm, papery, gradually narrowing from middle toward base, abaxially pale green and villous along veins, adaxially deep green, villous when young, and later only pilose on midvein and secondary veins, secondary veins 8-10 on each side of midvein, reticulate veins conspicuous, apex broadly rounded, truncate, or slightly emarginate. Peduncle significantly enlarged, densely pale yellow long sericeous. Flower buds ovoid. Flowers appearing before leaves, 10-16 cm in diam., erect, fragrant. Tepals 9, white, oblong-obovate, 6-8(-10) × 2.5-4.5(-6.5) cm, subequal, base usually pinkish. Stamens 7-12 mm; connective ca. 5 mm wide, exserted and forming a mucro; anthers 6-7 mm, dehiscing laterally. Gynoecium pale green, cylindric, 2-2.5 cm, glabrous; ovaries narrowly ovoid, 3-4 mm; styles conical, ca. 4 mm. Fruit cylindric but in cultivation often curved because of carpels partly undeveloped, 12-15 × 3.5-5 cm; mature carpels brown, thickly woody, white lenticellate. Seeds cordate, ca. 9 × 10 mm, laterally compressed; testa red; endotesta black. Fl. Feb-Mar, fr. Aug-Sep. 2n = 76*, 114*.
● Forests; 500-1000 m. Anhui, Chongqing, N Guangdong, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
This species is grown as an ornamental and for timber. It is widely cultivated in temperate parts of the world.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）踩一下[2]
顶一下[6]