岩柿Diospyros dumetorum
中文名(Chinese Name):岩柿
学名(Scientific Name):Diospyros dumetorum W. W. Smith
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):小叶柿
异名(Synonym):Diospyros mollifolia Rehder et E. H. Wilson Diospyros mairei H. Lév. Diospyros striata Fletcher
科属(Family & Genus):树科Ebenaceae柿属Diospyros
形态特征(Description):小乔木或乔木,高达10-14米,通常高5-6米,分枝多;小枝纤细,有时密被灰褐色 或黄褐色绒毛;两年生小枝褐色,变无毛,有不规则裂纹,散生纵裂的近圆形小皮孔。冬芽小,钝,有绒毛。叶薄革质,披针形,卵状披针形或倒披针形,通常长2-3.5(6)厘米,宽1-1.3(2.5)厘米,先端钝或急尖,有短尖头,基部楔形、钝或圆形,边缘微背卷,上面绿色,初时有短柔毛,后变无毛,下面淡绿色,在中脉和侧脉上密被黄褐色柔毛,余处亦散生毛,中脉在上面微凸起,下面凸起;侧脉每边3-4条;叶柄纤细,长约2-3(5)毫米,密被黄褐色绒毛。雄花序单生,生当年生小枝叶腋,有绒毛,有短总花梗,有花1-4朵;花萼钟形,长约3毫米,深4裂,裂片卵状三角形,长约2毫米,外面密被紧贴柔毛;花冠白色,壶形,长约5毫米,除四脊上有白色柔毛外,余处无毛,裂片4,旋转排列,卵形,长约1.5毫米,先端钝;雄蕊16枚,每2枚连生成对,长约2毫米,腹面1枚较短,花药长圆形,先端渐尖,花丝疏生长毛;花梗纤细,长约1-4毫米,有黄褐色柔毛。雌花单生,白色,花萼长约5毫米,有伏柔毛,4深裂,裂片卵状披针形,长约4毫米,先端急尖;花冠壶形,长约5毫米,四脊上有白色柔毛,4裂,裂片近卵形,长约2毫米,先端急尖,有髯毛;子房和花柱有粗伏毛;花柱4,柱头浅2裂。果卵形,直径约1厘米,长约1.2-1.4厘米,嫩时绿色,成熟时由黄色变红色以至紫黑色,变无毛,顶端有小尖头,有种子1-4颗;种子卵形,黑褐色,长约9毫米,直径约5毫米;宿存萼花后增大,有伏柔毛,4深裂,裂片长约5毫米,宽约2.5毫米,先端急尖;几无梗。花期4-5月,果期10月至次年2月。
分布(Distribution):产云南、四川盆地(北部、西部、西南部)、贵州西南部、贵州生于700-2700米的山地灌丛、混交林中、山谷中、河边或村边田畔或石灰岩石山上。
用途(Use):木材可作家具。果可提取柿漆。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 15 Page 222
Diospyros dumetorum W. W. Smith, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh. 9: 104. 1916.
岩柿 yan shi | Ebenaceae | Diospyros
Diospyros mairei H. Léveillé; D. mollifolia Rehder & E. H. Wilson.
Trees 5--6(--14) m tall. 2-year-old branchlets brown, glabrescent; branchlets slender, pale brown to almost white tomentose. Winter buds tomentose. Petiole 2--3(--5) mm, slender, densely tomentose; leaf blade elliptic to narrowly oblong, 2--3(--6) X 1--1.3(--2.5) cm, papery to thinly leather, both surfaces densely pubescent to almost tomentose, base cuneate to rounded, apex obtuse to acute and cuspidate, lateral veins 3--5 per side, pale, and abaxially raised, reticulate veinlets almost invisible. Male flowers 1--4 together; pedicel 1--4 mm; calyx 1.5--3(--6) mm, divided almost to base, densely pubescent, lobes 4 and ovate; corolla white, (1--)2--3 X as long as calyx, urn-shaped, 4.5--5.5 mm, glabrous except for 4 conspicuous lines of appressed hairs on outside; corolla lobes 4, basally overlapping, ovate, ca. 1.5(--2.5) mm, apex acute; stamens 16; anthers glabrous. Female flowers solitary; calyx lobes 4, as long as corolla, both surfaces appressed pilose; corolla urn-shaped, ca. 5 mm, with 4 white pilose ridges, staminodes absent; ovary densely strigose. Fruit solitary. Fruiting calyx appressed pubescent; lobes 4, spreading to reflexed, triangular, ca. 8 X 2 mm, apex acute. Berries purplish black, ovoid, 1.2--1.4 X ca. 1 cm, pilose, glabrescent, apex mucronate. Seeds 1--4, compressedly ovoid with a small beak, 8--9 X ca. 4.5 X 2.5 mm, transversely wrinkled. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Oct-Feb.
Thickets on slopes, mixed woods, ravines or limestone hills; 700--2700 m. SW Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan [N Thailand].
Diospyros dumetorum was published February, 1916, while D. mollifolia Rehder & E. H. Wilson was published on March 30th of the same year.
(责任编辑:徐晔春)
学名(Scientific Name):Diospyros dumetorum W. W. Smith
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):小叶柿
异名(Synonym):Diospyros mollifolia Rehder et E. H. Wilson Diospyros mairei H. Lév. Diospyros striata Fletcher
科属(Family & Genus):树科Ebenaceae柿属Diospyros
形态特征(Description):小乔木或乔木,高达10-14米,通常高5-6米,分枝多;小枝纤细,有时密被灰褐色 或黄褐色绒毛;两年生小枝褐色,变无毛,有不规则裂纹,散生纵裂的近圆形小皮孔。冬芽小,钝,有绒毛。叶薄革质,披针形,卵状披针形或倒披针形,通常长2-3.5(6)厘米,宽1-1.3(2.5)厘米,先端钝或急尖,有短尖头,基部楔形、钝或圆形,边缘微背卷,上面绿色,初时有短柔毛,后变无毛,下面淡绿色,在中脉和侧脉上密被黄褐色柔毛,余处亦散生毛,中脉在上面微凸起,下面凸起;侧脉每边3-4条;叶柄纤细,长约2-3(5)毫米,密被黄褐色绒毛。雄花序单生,生当年生小枝叶腋,有绒毛,有短总花梗,有花1-4朵;花萼钟形,长约3毫米,深4裂,裂片卵状三角形,长约2毫米,外面密被紧贴柔毛;花冠白色,壶形,长约5毫米,除四脊上有白色柔毛外,余处无毛,裂片4,旋转排列,卵形,长约1.5毫米,先端钝;雄蕊16枚,每2枚连生成对,长约2毫米,腹面1枚较短,花药长圆形,先端渐尖,花丝疏生长毛;花梗纤细,长约1-4毫米,有黄褐色柔毛。雌花单生,白色,花萼长约5毫米,有伏柔毛,4深裂,裂片卵状披针形,长约4毫米,先端急尖;花冠壶形,长约5毫米,四脊上有白色柔毛,4裂,裂片近卵形,长约2毫米,先端急尖,有髯毛;子房和花柱有粗伏毛;花柱4,柱头浅2裂。果卵形,直径约1厘米,长约1.2-1.4厘米,嫩时绿色,成熟时由黄色变红色以至紫黑色,变无毛,顶端有小尖头,有种子1-4颗;种子卵形,黑褐色,长约9毫米,直径约5毫米;宿存萼花后增大,有伏柔毛,4深裂,裂片长约5毫米,宽约2.5毫米,先端急尖;几无梗。花期4-5月,果期10月至次年2月。
分布(Distribution):产云南、四川盆地(北部、西部、西南部)、贵州西南部、贵州生于700-2700米的山地灌丛、混交林中、山谷中、河边或村边田畔或石灰岩石山上。
用途(Use):木材可作家具。果可提取柿漆。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 15 Page 222
Diospyros dumetorum W. W. Smith, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh. 9: 104. 1916.
岩柿 yan shi | Ebenaceae | Diospyros
Diospyros mairei H. Léveillé; D. mollifolia Rehder & E. H. Wilson.
Trees 5--6(--14) m tall. 2-year-old branchlets brown, glabrescent; branchlets slender, pale brown to almost white tomentose. Winter buds tomentose. Petiole 2--3(--5) mm, slender, densely tomentose; leaf blade elliptic to narrowly oblong, 2--3(--6) X 1--1.3(--2.5) cm, papery to thinly leather, both surfaces densely pubescent to almost tomentose, base cuneate to rounded, apex obtuse to acute and cuspidate, lateral veins 3--5 per side, pale, and abaxially raised, reticulate veinlets almost invisible. Male flowers 1--4 together; pedicel 1--4 mm; calyx 1.5--3(--6) mm, divided almost to base, densely pubescent, lobes 4 and ovate; corolla white, (1--)2--3 X as long as calyx, urn-shaped, 4.5--5.5 mm, glabrous except for 4 conspicuous lines of appressed hairs on outside; corolla lobes 4, basally overlapping, ovate, ca. 1.5(--2.5) mm, apex acute; stamens 16; anthers glabrous. Female flowers solitary; calyx lobes 4, as long as corolla, both surfaces appressed pilose; corolla urn-shaped, ca. 5 mm, with 4 white pilose ridges, staminodes absent; ovary densely strigose. Fruit solitary. Fruiting calyx appressed pubescent; lobes 4, spreading to reflexed, triangular, ca. 8 X 2 mm, apex acute. Berries purplish black, ovoid, 1.2--1.4 X ca. 1 cm, pilose, glabrescent, apex mucronate. Seeds 1--4, compressedly ovoid with a small beak, 8--9 X ca. 4.5 X 2.5 mm, transversely wrinkled. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Oct-Feb.
Thickets on slopes, mixed woods, ravines or limestone hills; 700--2700 m. SW Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan [N Thailand].
Diospyros dumetorum was published February, 1916, while D. mollifolia Rehder & E. H. Wilson was published on March 30th of the same year.
(责任编辑:徐晔春)
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