钻喙兰Rhynchostylis retusa
中文名（Chinese Name）：钻喙兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Rhynchostylis retusa (Linn.) Bl.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Epidendrum retusum L. Orchis lanigera Blanco Rhynchostylis garwalica (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Rhynchostylis guttata (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Rhynchostylis praemorsa (Willd.) Blume Rhynchostylis violacea Rchb.f. Saccolabium blumei Lindl. Saccolabium garwalicum Lindl. Saccolabium guttatum (Lindl.) Lindl. ex Wall. Saccolabium heathii auct. Saccolabium macrostachyum Lindl. Saccolabium retusum (L.) Voigt Saccolabium rheedei Wight Saccolabium spicatum (D.Don) Lindl. Saccolabium violaceum Rchb.f. Sarcanthus guttatus Lindl. Rhynchostylis albiflora I.Barua & Bora Anota violacea (Rchb.f.) Schltr. Limodorum retusum (L.) Sw. Aerides guttata (Lindl.) Roxb. Aerides praemorsa Willd. Aerides retusa (L.) Sw. Aerides spicata D.Don Aerides undulata Sm. Epidendrum hippium Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don Epidendrum indicum Poir. Gastrochilus blumei (Lindl.) Kuntze Gastrochilus garwalicus (Lindl.) Kuntze Gastrochilus praemorsus (Willd.) Kuntze Gastrochilus retusus (L.) Kuntze Gastrochilus rheedei (Wight) Kuntze Gastrochilus spicatus (D.Don) Kuntze Rhynchostylis retusa f. albiflora (I.Barua & Bora) Christenson
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）钻喙兰属
形态特征（Description）：植株具发达而肥厚的气根。根粗6-16毫米。茎直立或斜立，通常长3-10厘米，有时更长，粗1-2厘米，不分枝，具少数至多数节，密被套叠的叶鞘。叶肉质，二列，彼此紧靠，外弯，宽带状，长20-40厘米，宽2-4厘米，先端不等侧2圆裂，基部具宿存的鞘。花序腋生，1-3个，长于或近等长于叶，不分枝，常下垂；花序柄长5-11厘米，粗6-8毫米，基部被2-4枚宽卵形的鞘；花序轴多少肥厚，长达28厘米，密生许多花；花苞片反折，宽卵形，长3-4毫米，先端钝；花梗和子房长7-10毫米；花白色而密布紫色斑点，开展，纸质；中萼片椭圆形，长7-11毫米，宽4.2-5毫米，先端稍钝，具5条主脉；侧萼片斜长圆形，与中萼片等长而较宽，先端稍钝，基部贴生在蕊柱足上；花瓣狭长圆形，长7-7.5毫米，宽2.5-3毫米，先端钝，具5条主脉；唇瓣贴生于蕊柱足末端；后唇囊状，两侧压扁，长6-8毫米，宽约4毫米，末端圆钝，具3条弧形脉；前唇朝上，几与蕊柱平行，中部以上紫色，中部以下白色，常两侧对折，摊平为倒卵状楔形，长8-10毫米，宽5-6毫米，前端不明显3裂，先端钝或稍凹缺，基部具4条脊突；蕊柱圆柱形，长4毫米，粗2毫米；蕊柱足长约2毫米；蕊喙小，微2裂；药床很浅；药帽半球形，前端收狭而伸长成三角形，先端截形；粘盘柄线形，长约2.2毫米，宽0.2毫米，顶端扩大呈头状；粘盘倒披针形，长1.8毫米，宽0.6毫米，先端钝。蒴果倒卵形或近棒状，长3.5厘米（包括果柄），粗约1.3厘米，具棱，果柄长约1厘米。花期5-6月，果期5-7。
分布（Distribution）：产贵州、云南。生于海拔310～1400米疏林中或林缘树干上。广布于亚洲热带地区。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 474
Rhynchostylis retusa (Linnaeus) Blume, Bijdr. 286. 1825.
钻喙兰 zuan hui lan| Orchidaceae | Rhynchostylis
Epidendrum retusum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 953. 1753; Aerides retusa (Linnaeus) Swartz; Gastrochilus retusus (Linnaeus) Kuntze; Limodorum retusum (Linnaeus) Swartz; Saccolabium retusum (Linnaeus) Voigt.
Stems ascending, usually 3-10 cm, 1-2 cm in diam., enclosed in leaf sheaths. Leaves broadly lorate, 20-40 × 2-4 cm, unequally bilobed. Inflorescences 1-3, pendulous, 30-40 cm, densely many flowered; rachis 20-30 cm, thick; floral bracts reflexed, broadly ovate, 3-4 mm. Flowers unscented, 1.7-2.3 cm in diam., sepals and petals white and spotted with pink or pale purple, lip purplish pink, apex white, spur white; pedicel and ovary 7-10 mm. Dorsal sepal elliptic, 7-11 × 4.2-5 mm, obtuse; lateral sepals obliquely oblong, 7-11 × 4.5-5.5 mm, base adnate to column foot, apex obtuse. Petals narrowly oblong, 7-7.5 × 2.5-3 mm, obtuse; lip often conduplicate, oblong-spatulate, 8-10 × 5-6 mm, rounded, apiculate, or slightly retuse, spurred; spur laterally compressed, 6-8 mm, rounded. Column ca. 4 mm, foot ca. 2 mm; stipe ca. 2.2 mm, linear, dilated and capitate; viscidium oblanceolate, ca. 1.8 × 0.6 mm. Capsule obovoid or subclavate, ca. 2.5 × 1.3 cm. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Jun-Jul. 2n = 38.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in open forests or at forest margins; 300-1500 m. SW Guizhou, S Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Rhynchostylis retusa (Linn.) Bl.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Epidendrum retusum L. Orchis lanigera Blanco Rhynchostylis garwalica (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Rhynchostylis guttata (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Rhynchostylis praemorsa (Willd.) Blume Rhynchostylis violacea Rchb.f. Saccolabium blumei Lindl. Saccolabium garwalicum Lindl. Saccolabium guttatum (Lindl.) Lindl. ex Wall. Saccolabium heathii auct. Saccolabium macrostachyum Lindl. Saccolabium retusum (L.) Voigt Saccolabium rheedei Wight Saccolabium spicatum (D.Don) Lindl. Saccolabium violaceum Rchb.f. Sarcanthus guttatus Lindl. Rhynchostylis albiflora I.Barua & Bora Anota violacea (Rchb.f.) Schltr. Limodorum retusum (L.) Sw. Aerides guttata (Lindl.) Roxb. Aerides praemorsa Willd. Aerides retusa (L.) Sw. Aerides spicata D.Don Aerides undulata Sm. Epidendrum hippium Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don Epidendrum indicum Poir. Gastrochilus blumei (Lindl.) Kuntze Gastrochilus garwalicus (Lindl.) Kuntze Gastrochilus praemorsus (Willd.) Kuntze Gastrochilus retusus (L.) Kuntze Gastrochilus rheedei (Wight) Kuntze Gastrochilus spicatus (D.Don) Kuntze Rhynchostylis retusa f. albiflora (I.Barua & Bora) Christenson
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）钻喙兰属
形态特征（Description）：植株具发达而肥厚的气根。根粗6-16毫米。茎直立或斜立，通常长3-10厘米，有时更长，粗1-2厘米，不分枝，具少数至多数节，密被套叠的叶鞘。叶肉质，二列，彼此紧靠，外弯，宽带状，长20-40厘米，宽2-4厘米，先端不等侧2圆裂，基部具宿存的鞘。花序腋生，1-3个，长于或近等长于叶，不分枝，常下垂；花序柄长5-11厘米，粗6-8毫米，基部被2-4枚宽卵形的鞘；花序轴多少肥厚，长达28厘米，密生许多花；花苞片反折，宽卵形，长3-4毫米，先端钝；花梗和子房长7-10毫米；花白色而密布紫色斑点，开展，纸质；中萼片椭圆形，长7-11毫米，宽4.2-5毫米，先端稍钝，具5条主脉；侧萼片斜长圆形，与中萼片等长而较宽，先端稍钝，基部贴生在蕊柱足上；花瓣狭长圆形，长7-7.5毫米，宽2.5-3毫米，先端钝，具5条主脉；唇瓣贴生于蕊柱足末端；后唇囊状，两侧压扁，长6-8毫米，宽约4毫米，末端圆钝，具3条弧形脉；前唇朝上，几与蕊柱平行，中部以上紫色，中部以下白色，常两侧对折，摊平为倒卵状楔形，长8-10毫米，宽5-6毫米，前端不明显3裂，先端钝或稍凹缺，基部具4条脊突；蕊柱圆柱形，长4毫米，粗2毫米；蕊柱足长约2毫米；蕊喙小，微2裂；药床很浅；药帽半球形，前端收狭而伸长成三角形，先端截形；粘盘柄线形，长约2.2毫米，宽0.2毫米，顶端扩大呈头状；粘盘倒披针形，长1.8毫米，宽0.6毫米，先端钝。蒴果倒卵形或近棒状，长3.5厘米（包括果柄），粗约1.3厘米，具棱，果柄长约1厘米。花期5-6月，果期5-7。
分布（Distribution）：产贵州、云南。生于海拔310～1400米疏林中或林缘树干上。广布于亚洲热带地区。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 474
Rhynchostylis retusa (Linnaeus) Blume, Bijdr. 286. 1825.
钻喙兰 zuan hui lan| Orchidaceae | Rhynchostylis
Epidendrum retusum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 953. 1753; Aerides retusa (Linnaeus) Swartz; Gastrochilus retusus (Linnaeus) Kuntze; Limodorum retusum (Linnaeus) Swartz; Saccolabium retusum (Linnaeus) Voigt.
Stems ascending, usually 3-10 cm, 1-2 cm in diam., enclosed in leaf sheaths. Leaves broadly lorate, 20-40 × 2-4 cm, unequally bilobed. Inflorescences 1-3, pendulous, 30-40 cm, densely many flowered; rachis 20-30 cm, thick; floral bracts reflexed, broadly ovate, 3-4 mm. Flowers unscented, 1.7-2.3 cm in diam., sepals and petals white and spotted with pink or pale purple, lip purplish pink, apex white, spur white; pedicel and ovary 7-10 mm. Dorsal sepal elliptic, 7-11 × 4.2-5 mm, obtuse; lateral sepals obliquely oblong, 7-11 × 4.5-5.5 mm, base adnate to column foot, apex obtuse. Petals narrowly oblong, 7-7.5 × 2.5-3 mm, obtuse; lip often conduplicate, oblong-spatulate, 8-10 × 5-6 mm, rounded, apiculate, or slightly retuse, spurred; spur laterally compressed, 6-8 mm, rounded. Column ca. 4 mm, foot ca. 2 mm; stipe ca. 2.2 mm, linear, dilated and capitate; viscidium oblanceolate, ca. 1.8 × 0.6 mm. Capsule obovoid or subclavate, ca. 2.5 × 1.3 cm. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Jun-Jul. 2n = 38.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in open forests or at forest margins; 300-1500 m. SW Guizhou, S Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
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