带叶兜兰 Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum
中文名（Chinese Name）：带叶兜兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum (Lindl. ex Hook.) Stein
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Paphiopedilum chiwuanum T. Tang et F. T. Wang Paphiopedilum saccpetalum S. H. Hu Paphiopedilum esquirolei Schltr. Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum var. chiwuanum (T. Tang et F. T. Wang) Cribb Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum var. esquirolii (Schltr.) Karas. et Saito Cypripedium hirsutissimum Lindl. ex Hook. f. Cordula hirsutissima (Lindl. ex Hook. f.) Rolfe Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum f. alboviride O.Gruss & Koop.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）兜兰属
形态特征（Description）：地生或半附生植物。叶基生，二列，5-6枚；叶片带形，革质，长16-45厘米，宽1.5-3厘米，先端急尖并常有2小齿，上面深绿色，背面淡绿色并稍有紫色斑点，特别是在近基部处，中脉在背面略呈龙骨状突起，无毛，基部收狭成叶柄状并对折而多少套叠。花葶直立，长20-30厘米，通常绿色并被深紫色长柔毛，基部常有长鞘，顶端生1花；花苞片宽卵形，长8-15毫米，宽8-11毫米，先端钝，背面密被长柔毛，边缘具长缘毛；花梗和子房长4-5厘米，具6纵棱，棱上密被长柔毛；花较大，中萼片和合萼片除边缘淡绿黄色外，中央至基部有浓密的紫褐色斑点或甚至连成一片，花瓣下半部黄绿色而有浓密的紫褐色斑点，上半部玫瑰紫色并有白色晕，唇瓣淡绿黄色而有紫褐色小斑点，退化雄蕊与唇瓣色泽相似，有2个白色“眼斑”；中萼片宽卵形或宽卵状椭圆形，长3.5-4厘米，宽3-3.5厘米，先端钝，背面被疏柔毛，边缘具缘毛；合萼片卵形，长3-3.5厘米，宽1.8-2.5厘米，亦具类似的柔毛与缘毛；花瓣匙形或狭长圆状匙形，长5-7.5厘米，宽2-2.5厘米，先端常近截形或微凹，稍扭转，下部边缘皱波状且上面有时有黑色毛，边缘有缘毛，内表面基部有毛或近无毛；唇瓣倒盔状，基部具宽阔的、长约1.5厘米的柄；囊椭圆状圆锥形或近狭椭圆形，长2.5-3.5厘米，宽2-2.5厘米，囊口极宽阔，两侧各有1个直立的耳，两耳前方边缘不内折，囊底有毛；退化雄蕊近正方形，长与宽各8-10毫米，顶端近截形或有极不明显的3裂，基部有钝耳，上面中央和基部两侧各有1枚突起物，中央1枚较大，背面有龙骨状突起。花期4-5月。
分布（Distribution）：产广西、贵州和云南。生于海拔700～1500米的林下或林缘岩石缝中或多石湿润土壤上。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 34, 39
Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum (Lindley ex Hooker) Stein, Orchideenbuch. 470. 1892.
带叶兜兰 dai ye dou lan| Orchidaceae | Paphiopedilum
Cypripedium hirsutissimum Lindley ex Hooker, Bot. Mag. 83: ad t. 4990. 1857; Cordula esquirolei (Schlechter) Hu; C. hirsutissima (Lindley ex Hooker) Rolfe; Paphiopedilum chiwuanum Tang & F. T. Wang; P. esquirolei Schlechter; P. esquirolei var. chiwuanum (Tang & F. T. Wang) Braem & Chiron; P. hirsutissimum var. chiwuanum (Tang & F. T. Wang) Cribb; P. hirsutissimum var. esquirolei (Schlechter) Karasawa & Saito; P. saccopetalum S. H. Hu.
Plants lithophytic or terrestrial. Leaves 5 or 6, distichous; blade abaxially usually without purple marks at base, adaxially uniformly dark green, lorate or linear, 23-44 × 1.4-2.2 cm, leathery, usually acuminate and tridenticulate at apex. Scape suberect or arching, usually terminating in a solitary flower; peduncle brown-purple, 13-24(-30) cm, densely long hairy; floral bract ovate, 8-15 mm, abaxially densely hairy, ciliate; pedicel and ovary 6-8.5 cm, pubescent. Flower 8-16 cm in diam., initially dorsal sepal curving forward and petals not undulate at margins and then dorsal sepal erect and petals elongating and undulate along basal margin; dorsal sepal and synsepal dark brown, with yellowish or greenish margin; petals yellowish, with dense purple-brown speckles in basal half and purplish rose in apical half; lip yellowish to greenish, with dense brownish or purplish rose speckles; staminode dark brown with narrow yellowish margin and 2 large whitish spots and a yellowish blotch centrally. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate or ovate-elliptic, 3.7-4.4 × 2.6-3.5 cm, abaxially sparsely pubescent mainly on veins, ciliate, undulate at margin, obtuse or emarginate at apex; synsepal similar to dorsal sepal, slightly narrower. Petals often slightly twisted toward apex, spatulate, (4-)6-8 × 1.5-2.5 cm, both surfaces slightly or scarcely puberulent, basal half undulate at margin, ciliate, rounded or subtruncate at apex; lip helmet-shaped, 3-5 cm; pouch 2.5-3(-3.5) × 1.5-2.5 cm, slightly puberulent outside particularly along margin and veins. Staminode subsquare, 8-10 × 8-10 mm, adaxially convex, apex obtuse. Fl. Apr-May. 2n = 26.
Crevices on shaded cliffs or rocky and well-drained places in forests or thickets in limestone areas; 700-1500 m. N and W Guangxi, SW Guizhou, SE Yunnan [NE India, Laos, Thailand, N Vietnam].
Paphiopedilum ×grussianum H. S. Hua (Orchidee (Hamburg) 49: 180. 1998), described from Guangxi, may be a hybrid of this species and P. villosum rather than of P. dianthum and P. villosum.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum (Lindl. ex Hook.) Stein
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Paphiopedilum chiwuanum T. Tang et F. T. Wang Paphiopedilum saccpetalum S. H. Hu Paphiopedilum esquirolei Schltr. Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum var. chiwuanum (T. Tang et F. T. Wang) Cribb Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum var. esquirolii (Schltr.) Karas. et Saito Cypripedium hirsutissimum Lindl. ex Hook. f. Cordula hirsutissima (Lindl. ex Hook. f.) Rolfe Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum f. alboviride O.Gruss & Koop.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）兜兰属
形态特征（Description）：地生或半附生植物。叶基生，二列，5-6枚；叶片带形，革质，长16-45厘米，宽1.5-3厘米，先端急尖并常有2小齿，上面深绿色，背面淡绿色并稍有紫色斑点，特别是在近基部处，中脉在背面略呈龙骨状突起，无毛，基部收狭成叶柄状并对折而多少套叠。花葶直立，长20-30厘米，通常绿色并被深紫色长柔毛，基部常有长鞘，顶端生1花；花苞片宽卵形，长8-15毫米，宽8-11毫米，先端钝，背面密被长柔毛，边缘具长缘毛；花梗和子房长4-5厘米，具6纵棱，棱上密被长柔毛；花较大，中萼片和合萼片除边缘淡绿黄色外，中央至基部有浓密的紫褐色斑点或甚至连成一片，花瓣下半部黄绿色而有浓密的紫褐色斑点，上半部玫瑰紫色并有白色晕，唇瓣淡绿黄色而有紫褐色小斑点，退化雄蕊与唇瓣色泽相似，有2个白色“眼斑”；中萼片宽卵形或宽卵状椭圆形，长3.5-4厘米，宽3-3.5厘米，先端钝，背面被疏柔毛，边缘具缘毛；合萼片卵形，长3-3.5厘米，宽1.8-2.5厘米，亦具类似的柔毛与缘毛；花瓣匙形或狭长圆状匙形，长5-7.5厘米，宽2-2.5厘米，先端常近截形或微凹，稍扭转，下部边缘皱波状且上面有时有黑色毛，边缘有缘毛，内表面基部有毛或近无毛；唇瓣倒盔状，基部具宽阔的、长约1.5厘米的柄；囊椭圆状圆锥形或近狭椭圆形，长2.5-3.5厘米，宽2-2.5厘米，囊口极宽阔，两侧各有1个直立的耳，两耳前方边缘不内折，囊底有毛；退化雄蕊近正方形，长与宽各8-10毫米，顶端近截形或有极不明显的3裂，基部有钝耳，上面中央和基部两侧各有1枚突起物，中央1枚较大，背面有龙骨状突起。花期4-5月。
分布（Distribution）：产广西、贵州和云南。生于海拔700～1500米的林下或林缘岩石缝中或多石湿润土壤上。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 34, 39
Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum (Lindley ex Hooker) Stein, Orchideenbuch. 470. 1892.
带叶兜兰 dai ye dou lan| Orchidaceae | Paphiopedilum
Cypripedium hirsutissimum Lindley ex Hooker, Bot. Mag. 83: ad t. 4990. 1857; Cordula esquirolei (Schlechter) Hu; C. hirsutissima (Lindley ex Hooker) Rolfe; Paphiopedilum chiwuanum Tang & F. T. Wang; P. esquirolei Schlechter; P. esquirolei var. chiwuanum (Tang & F. T. Wang) Braem & Chiron; P. hirsutissimum var. chiwuanum (Tang & F. T. Wang) Cribb; P. hirsutissimum var. esquirolei (Schlechter) Karasawa & Saito; P. saccopetalum S. H. Hu.
Plants lithophytic or terrestrial. Leaves 5 or 6, distichous; blade abaxially usually without purple marks at base, adaxially uniformly dark green, lorate or linear, 23-44 × 1.4-2.2 cm, leathery, usually acuminate and tridenticulate at apex. Scape suberect or arching, usually terminating in a solitary flower; peduncle brown-purple, 13-24(-30) cm, densely long hairy; floral bract ovate, 8-15 mm, abaxially densely hairy, ciliate; pedicel and ovary 6-8.5 cm, pubescent. Flower 8-16 cm in diam., initially dorsal sepal curving forward and petals not undulate at margins and then dorsal sepal erect and petals elongating and undulate along basal margin; dorsal sepal and synsepal dark brown, with yellowish or greenish margin; petals yellowish, with dense purple-brown speckles in basal half and purplish rose in apical half; lip yellowish to greenish, with dense brownish or purplish rose speckles; staminode dark brown with narrow yellowish margin and 2 large whitish spots and a yellowish blotch centrally. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate or ovate-elliptic, 3.7-4.4 × 2.6-3.5 cm, abaxially sparsely pubescent mainly on veins, ciliate, undulate at margin, obtuse or emarginate at apex; synsepal similar to dorsal sepal, slightly narrower. Petals often slightly twisted toward apex, spatulate, (4-)6-8 × 1.5-2.5 cm, both surfaces slightly or scarcely puberulent, basal half undulate at margin, ciliate, rounded or subtruncate at apex; lip helmet-shaped, 3-5 cm; pouch 2.5-3(-3.5) × 1.5-2.5 cm, slightly puberulent outside particularly along margin and veins. Staminode subsquare, 8-10 × 8-10 mm, adaxially convex, apex obtuse. Fl. Apr-May. 2n = 26.
Crevices on shaded cliffs or rocky and well-drained places in forests or thickets in limestone areas; 700-1500 m. N and W Guangxi, SW Guizhou, SE Yunnan [NE India, Laos, Thailand, N Vietnam].
Paphiopedilum ×grussianum H. S. Hua (Orchidee (Hamburg) 49: 180. 1998), described from Guangxi, may be a hybrid of this species and P. villosum rather than of P. dianthum and P. villosum.
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