卷萼兜兰Paphiopedilum appletonianum
中文名（Chinese Name）：卷萼兜兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Paphiopedilum appletonianum (Gower) Rolfe
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Cypripedium bullenianum var. appletonianum (Gower) Rolfe Cypripedium appletonianum Gower Paphiopedilum hainanense Fowlie Cordula appletoniana (Gower) Rolfe Paphiopedilum cerveranum Braem Paphiopedilum tridentatum S.C.Chen & Z.J.Liu Paphiopedilum wolterianum (Kraenzl.) Pfitzer Paphiopedilum angustifolium R.F.Guo & Z.J.Liu Paphiopedilum puberulum S.P.Lei & J.Yong Zhang Cypripedium wolterianum Kraenzl. Paphiopedilum appletonianum f. album Asher ex O.Gruss Paphiopedilum appletonianum var. hainanense (Fowlie) Braem, C.O.Baker & M.L.Baker Paphiopedilum appletonianum f. immaculatum (Braem) Braem Paphiopedilum appletonianum var. immaculatum Braem Paphiopedilum cerveranum f. viride (Braem) Braem Paphiopedilum hookerae subsp. appletonianum (Gower) M.W.Wood Paphiopedilum robinsonii f. viride Braem Paphiopedilum appletonianum var. cerveranum (Braem) O.Gruss & Roellke Paphiopedilum appletonianum f. tridentatum (S.C.Chen & Z.J.Liu) Aver. Paphiopedilum appletonianum f. viride (Braem) O.Gruss & Roellke Paphiopedilum appletonianum var. tridentatum (S.C.Chen & Z.J.Liu) S.C.Chen & Z.J.Liu
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）兜兰属
形态特征（Description）：地生植物。叶基生，二列，4-8枚；叶片狭椭圆形，长22-25厘米，宽2-4（-5)厘米，先端急尖并常有2-3枚小齿，上面有深浅绿色相间的网格斑（明显或不甚明显），背面淡绿色并在基部有紫晕，无毛，基部收狭而成叶柄状并对折而互相套叠。花葶直立，长17-25厘米或过之，并在果期继续延长达60厘米，紫褐色，疏被短柔毛，顶端通常生1花；花苞片2枚，大的1枚宽卵形，围抱子房，长2-2.7厘米，宽约1.4厘米，先端具3小齿，背面有龙骨状突起并被短柔毛，边缘具缘毛；小的线形，长1.4厘米，亦被毛；花梗和子房长4-5 (-6)厘米，被短柔毛；花直径8-9厘米；中萼片绿白色并有绿色脉，基部常有紫晕，合萼片亦为绿白色并具深色脉，花瓣下半部有暗褐色与灰白色相间的条纹或斑及黑色斑点，上半部淡紫红色，唇瓣末端淡黄绿色至灰色，其余部分淡紫红色并有绿色的囊口边缘，退化雄蕊中央深绿色，边缘淡绿色；中萼片宽卵形，长3.5-4厘米，宽2-2.6厘米，先端短渐尖，上部边缘内卷，基部边缘外卷，背面被微柔毛并在中部以上具龙骨状突起；合萼片卵状椭圆形，长2.5-3厘米，宽1.5-1.7厘米，先端具3小齿，背面亦稍被毛；花瓣近匙形，长4.5-6厘米，上部宽1.5-2厘米，先端近急尖并略有2-3个小齿，中部至基部边缘波状并在上侧近边缘处具10余个黑色疣点，下侧边缘亦有少数黑疣点；唇瓣倒盔状，基部具宽阔的、长1.5-2厘米的柄；囊近狭椭圆形，长2-3厘米，宽1.5-1.8厘米，囊口极宽阔，两侧各具1个直立的耳，有时前侧还有2个小耳，前方边缘不内折，两侧内折裂片上常有黑色疣点，囊底有毛；退化雄蕊横椭圆形或近圆形，长6-8毫米，宽7-9毫米，先端有明显凹缺，缺口中央具短尖，基部略呈心形，上面中央有不甚明显的突起。花期1-5月。
分布（Distribution）：产海南和广西，生于海拔300～1200米的林下阴湿、腐殖质多的土壤上或岩石上。越南、老挝、柬埔寨和泰国也有分布。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 34, 43
Paphiopedilum appletonianum (Gower) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 4: 364. 1896.
卷萼兜兰 juan e dou lan| Orchidaceae | Paphiopedilum
Cypripedium appletonianum Gower, Garden (London, 1871-1927) 43: 95. 1893; Cordula appletoniana (Gower) Rolfe; Cypripedium bullenianum H. G. Reichenbach var. appletonianum (Gower) Rolfe; Paphiopedilum appletonianum var. hainanense (Fowlie) Braem; P. hainanense Fowlie; P. hookerae (H. G. Reichenbach ex J. D. Hooker) Stein subsp. appletonianum (Gower) M. W. Wood.
Plants terrestrial or lithophytic. Leaves 7 or 8, distichous; blade pale green and often marked with purple toward base abaxially, distinctly or sometimes obscurely tessellated with dark and light green adaxially, narrowly elliptic or suboblong, 9-20(-25) × 1.5-3.5(-4) cm, bilobulate or tridenticulate at acute apex. Scape erect, terminating in 1 or very rarely 2 flowers; peduncle purple, 20-60 cm, white pubescent; floral bract green, ovate-lanceolate, 1.5-2.6 cm, abaxially puberulent especially in basal half, ciliate, acuminate at apex; pedicel and ovary 4-7 cm, pubescent. Flower 6-8(-10) cm in diam.; dorsal sepal and synsepal greenish or whitish green, with green veins; dorsal sepal with brown-purple stripes at base; petals greenish at base, turning to a rose-red or dull pink toward apex, with scattered dark brown spots or sometimes green-brown stripes in basal half; lip olive-green, rose-red, or purplish, with a green or pale green-yellow margin; staminode dull yellowish with a green center. Dorsal sepal ovate or broadly ovate, 3.5-4 × 2-3 cm, abaxially puberulent on veins and margin, minutely ciliate, acute at apex; synsepal elliptic-lanceolate, 2-3 × 1-1.5 cm, abaxially puberulent on veins, minutely ciliate, acuminate at apex. Petals spatulate, 4-6 × 1.3-2 cm, with blackish brown warts along upper margin and sometimes fewer along lower margin in basal half, often half-twisted in apical half; lip helmet-shaped, 3.5-4.5 cm; pouch 2-3 × 1.5-2.5 cm, apical margin with a deep incisure centrally with usually 1-3 teeth on either side. Staminode broadly obcordate, lunate, or transversely elliptic-oblong, mucronate or with 2-5 teeth at apex. Fl. Jan-May. 2n = 26, 28, 38.
Rocky and humus-rich places or crevices of rocks in forests; 300-1200 m. SW Guangxi, Hainan [Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Paphiopedilum appletonianum (Gower) Rolfe
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Cypripedium bullenianum var. appletonianum (Gower) Rolfe Cypripedium appletonianum Gower Paphiopedilum hainanense Fowlie Cordula appletoniana (Gower) Rolfe Paphiopedilum cerveranum Braem Paphiopedilum tridentatum S.C.Chen & Z.J.Liu Paphiopedilum wolterianum (Kraenzl.) Pfitzer Paphiopedilum angustifolium R.F.Guo & Z.J.Liu Paphiopedilum puberulum S.P.Lei & J.Yong Zhang Cypripedium wolterianum Kraenzl. Paphiopedilum appletonianum f. album Asher ex O.Gruss Paphiopedilum appletonianum var. hainanense (Fowlie) Braem, C.O.Baker & M.L.Baker Paphiopedilum appletonianum f. immaculatum (Braem) Braem Paphiopedilum appletonianum var. immaculatum Braem Paphiopedilum cerveranum f. viride (Braem) Braem Paphiopedilum hookerae subsp. appletonianum (Gower) M.W.Wood Paphiopedilum robinsonii f. viride Braem Paphiopedilum appletonianum var. cerveranum (Braem) O.Gruss & Roellke Paphiopedilum appletonianum f. tridentatum (S.C.Chen & Z.J.Liu) Aver. Paphiopedilum appletonianum f. viride (Braem) O.Gruss & Roellke Paphiopedilum appletonianum var. tridentatum (S.C.Chen & Z.J.Liu) S.C.Chen & Z.J.Liu
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）兜兰属
形态特征（Description）：地生植物。叶基生，二列，4-8枚；叶片狭椭圆形，长22-25厘米，宽2-4（-5)厘米，先端急尖并常有2-3枚小齿，上面有深浅绿色相间的网格斑（明显或不甚明显），背面淡绿色并在基部有紫晕，无毛，基部收狭而成叶柄状并对折而互相套叠。花葶直立，长17-25厘米或过之，并在果期继续延长达60厘米，紫褐色，疏被短柔毛，顶端通常生1花；花苞片2枚，大的1枚宽卵形，围抱子房，长2-2.7厘米，宽约1.4厘米，先端具3小齿，背面有龙骨状突起并被短柔毛，边缘具缘毛；小的线形，长1.4厘米，亦被毛；花梗和子房长4-5 (-6)厘米，被短柔毛；花直径8-9厘米；中萼片绿白色并有绿色脉，基部常有紫晕，合萼片亦为绿白色并具深色脉，花瓣下半部有暗褐色与灰白色相间的条纹或斑及黑色斑点，上半部淡紫红色，唇瓣末端淡黄绿色至灰色，其余部分淡紫红色并有绿色的囊口边缘，退化雄蕊中央深绿色，边缘淡绿色；中萼片宽卵形，长3.5-4厘米，宽2-2.6厘米，先端短渐尖，上部边缘内卷，基部边缘外卷，背面被微柔毛并在中部以上具龙骨状突起；合萼片卵状椭圆形，长2.5-3厘米，宽1.5-1.7厘米，先端具3小齿，背面亦稍被毛；花瓣近匙形，长4.5-6厘米，上部宽1.5-2厘米，先端近急尖并略有2-3个小齿，中部至基部边缘波状并在上侧近边缘处具10余个黑色疣点，下侧边缘亦有少数黑疣点；唇瓣倒盔状，基部具宽阔的、长1.5-2厘米的柄；囊近狭椭圆形，长2-3厘米，宽1.5-1.8厘米，囊口极宽阔，两侧各具1个直立的耳，有时前侧还有2个小耳，前方边缘不内折，两侧内折裂片上常有黑色疣点，囊底有毛；退化雄蕊横椭圆形或近圆形，长6-8毫米，宽7-9毫米，先端有明显凹缺，缺口中央具短尖，基部略呈心形，上面中央有不甚明显的突起。花期1-5月。
分布（Distribution）：产海南和广西，生于海拔300～1200米的林下阴湿、腐殖质多的土壤上或岩石上。越南、老挝、柬埔寨和泰国也有分布。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 34, 43
Paphiopedilum appletonianum (Gower) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 4: 364. 1896.
卷萼兜兰 juan e dou lan| Orchidaceae | Paphiopedilum
Cypripedium appletonianum Gower, Garden (London, 1871-1927) 43: 95. 1893; Cordula appletoniana (Gower) Rolfe; Cypripedium bullenianum H. G. Reichenbach var. appletonianum (Gower) Rolfe; Paphiopedilum appletonianum var. hainanense (Fowlie) Braem; P. hainanense Fowlie; P. hookerae (H. G. Reichenbach ex J. D. Hooker) Stein subsp. appletonianum (Gower) M. W. Wood.
Plants terrestrial or lithophytic. Leaves 7 or 8, distichous; blade pale green and often marked with purple toward base abaxially, distinctly or sometimes obscurely tessellated with dark and light green adaxially, narrowly elliptic or suboblong, 9-20(-25) × 1.5-3.5(-4) cm, bilobulate or tridenticulate at acute apex. Scape erect, terminating in 1 or very rarely 2 flowers; peduncle purple, 20-60 cm, white pubescent; floral bract green, ovate-lanceolate, 1.5-2.6 cm, abaxially puberulent especially in basal half, ciliate, acuminate at apex; pedicel and ovary 4-7 cm, pubescent. Flower 6-8(-10) cm in diam.; dorsal sepal and synsepal greenish or whitish green, with green veins; dorsal sepal with brown-purple stripes at base; petals greenish at base, turning to a rose-red or dull pink toward apex, with scattered dark brown spots or sometimes green-brown stripes in basal half; lip olive-green, rose-red, or purplish, with a green or pale green-yellow margin; staminode dull yellowish with a green center. Dorsal sepal ovate or broadly ovate, 3.5-4 × 2-3 cm, abaxially puberulent on veins and margin, minutely ciliate, acute at apex; synsepal elliptic-lanceolate, 2-3 × 1-1.5 cm, abaxially puberulent on veins, minutely ciliate, acuminate at apex. Petals spatulate, 4-6 × 1.3-2 cm, with blackish brown warts along upper margin and sometimes fewer along lower margin in basal half, often half-twisted in apical half; lip helmet-shaped, 3.5-4.5 cm; pouch 2-3 × 1.5-2.5 cm, apical margin with a deep incisure centrally with usually 1-3 teeth on either side. Staminode broadly obcordate, lunate, or transversely elliptic-oblong, mucronate or with 2-5 teeth at apex. Fl. Jan-May. 2n = 26, 28, 38.
Rocky and humus-rich places or crevices of rocks in forests; 300-1200 m. SW Guangxi, Hainan [Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam].
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