坛花兰Acanthephippium sylhetense
中文名（Chinese Name）：坛花兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Acanthephippium sylhetense Lindl.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：钟馗兰、台湾坛花兰
异名（Synonym）：Acanthephippium yamamotoi Hayata Acanthephippium pictum Fukuy. Acanthephippium ringiflorum Griff. Acanthephippium curtisii var. albidum Linden
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）坛花兰属
形态特征（Description）：假鳞茎卵状圆柱形，长达15厘米，基部粗1.5-4厘米，具2-4个节，被数枚大型鳞片状鞘；鞘膜质，彼此套叠，宽卵形，先端急尖，在假鳞茎由下至上逐渐变大。叶2-4枚，互生于假鳞茎上端，厚纸质，长椭圆形，长达35厘米，宽8-11厘米，先端渐尖，基部收狭为长2厘米的柄，通常具5条主脉。花葶肉质而肥厚，长15-20厘米，基部具数枚宽卵状披针形的鳞片状鞘；总状花序具3-4朵花；花苞片深茄紫色，凹陷，卵形或长圆形，长2-2.5厘米，先端急尖；花梗和子房浅茄紫色，长3-4厘米；花白色或稻草黄色，内面在中部以上具紫褐色斑点；中萼片近椭圆形，长2-2.5厘米，宽1厘米，上部外折，先端钝，具7条脉，侧萼片斜三角形或镰刀状长圆形，比中萼片长，上部外折，先端钝，基部歪斜而贴生在蕊柱足上，具7条脉；萼囊短而宽钝；花瓣藏于萼筒内，近卵状椭圆形，长2-2.5厘米，宽1.1厘米，先端钝，基部收狭为爪，具7条脉；唇瓣3裂，以长约2厘米的爪贴生于蕊柱足的末端，爪黄色带黄褐色斑纹；侧裂片白色，近直立，镰刀状，围抱蕊柱；中裂片柠檬黄色，肉质，舌形，向外下弯，比侧裂片长，先端钝、全缘；唇盘白色带紫褐色斑点，具3-4条上缘带齿的褶片状脊；蕊柱白色，长约1.5厘米；蕊柱足白色带紫晕，长约2厘米，与蕊柱成直角弯曲。花期4-7月。
分布（Distribution）：产台湾和云南，地生兰，生于海拔540～800米的密林下或沟谷林下阴湿处。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 310
Acanthephippium sylhetense Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 177. 1833.
坛花兰 tan hua lan| Orchidaceae | Acanthephippium
Acanthephippium curtisii H. G. Reichenbach var. albidum Linden; A. pictum Fukuyama; A. ringiflorum Griffith; A. sylhetense var. pictum (Fukuyama) Hashimoto; A. yamamotoi Hayata.
Plants to 50 cm tall. Roots elongate. Pseudobulb ovoid-cylindric, 7-15 × 1.5-4 cm, 2-4-noded, with several large scalelike sheaths, 2-4-leaved. Leaves elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 30-40 × 8-11 cm, 5-veined, apex acuminate; petiole-like base ca. 2 cm, sheathing. Inflorescence 15-20 cm, fleshy, with several broadly ovate-lanceolate sheaths at base; rachis densely 3-5-flowered; floral bracts deep purple, ovate to oblong, concave, 2-2.5 cm, apex acute. Flowers white or yellow with purplish brown spots, campanulate-tubular, 40-45 mm; pedicel and ovary pale purple, 30-40 mm, sparsely pubescent. Sepals connate at base and connivent above, forming an urceolate tube with apices free; dorsal sepal subelliptic, 20-30 × 10-15 mm, 7-veined, apex obtuse; lateral sepals triangular to oblong, oblique, ca. 40 × 17-20 mm, 7-veined, base adnate to column foot, apex obtuse. Petals elliptic-obovate, 20-25 × 10-14 mm, fleshy, 5-veined, apex obtuse; lip adnate to apex of column foot, ca. 15 mm, fleshy, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, white, falcate, embracing column, ca. 8 mm; mid-lobe lemon-yellow, ligulate, 6-8 mm, apex obtuse, strongly recurved; disk white with purplish brown spots, fleshy, with 3-5 toothed lamellae; mentum formed by bases of lateral sepals and column foot, yellow with yellowish brown stripes, saccate, short, apex obtuse-rounded. Column white, ca. 15 mm; column foot white, tinged with purple, ca. 40 mm, inflexed at its mid-point through an angle of 30-40°, adnate to base of lateral sepals for ca. 1/2 of its length, slightly recurved toward apex; anther ca. 3 mm; larger pollinia ca. 2 mm, smaller pollinia ca. 1 mm; rostellum truncate; stigma broadly obovoid. Capsule to 60 mm. Fl. Apr-Jul.
Damp places in dense forests, along valleys; 500-800 m. Taiwan, S Yunnan [Bangladesh, NE India, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Acanthephippium sylhetense Lindl.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：钟馗兰、台湾坛花兰
异名（Synonym）：Acanthephippium yamamotoi Hayata Acanthephippium pictum Fukuy. Acanthephippium ringiflorum Griff. Acanthephippium curtisii var. albidum Linden
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）坛花兰属
形态特征（Description）：假鳞茎卵状圆柱形，长达15厘米，基部粗1.5-4厘米，具2-4个节，被数枚大型鳞片状鞘；鞘膜质，彼此套叠，宽卵形，先端急尖，在假鳞茎由下至上逐渐变大。叶2-4枚，互生于假鳞茎上端，厚纸质，长椭圆形，长达35厘米，宽8-11厘米，先端渐尖，基部收狭为长2厘米的柄，通常具5条主脉。花葶肉质而肥厚，长15-20厘米，基部具数枚宽卵状披针形的鳞片状鞘；总状花序具3-4朵花；花苞片深茄紫色，凹陷，卵形或长圆形，长2-2.5厘米，先端急尖；花梗和子房浅茄紫色，长3-4厘米；花白色或稻草黄色，内面在中部以上具紫褐色斑点；中萼片近椭圆形，长2-2.5厘米，宽1厘米，上部外折，先端钝，具7条脉，侧萼片斜三角形或镰刀状长圆形，比中萼片长，上部外折，先端钝，基部歪斜而贴生在蕊柱足上，具7条脉；萼囊短而宽钝；花瓣藏于萼筒内，近卵状椭圆形，长2-2.5厘米，宽1.1厘米，先端钝，基部收狭为爪，具7条脉；唇瓣3裂，以长约2厘米的爪贴生于蕊柱足的末端，爪黄色带黄褐色斑纹；侧裂片白色，近直立，镰刀状，围抱蕊柱；中裂片柠檬黄色，肉质，舌形，向外下弯，比侧裂片长，先端钝、全缘；唇盘白色带紫褐色斑点，具3-4条上缘带齿的褶片状脊；蕊柱白色，长约1.5厘米；蕊柱足白色带紫晕，长约2厘米，与蕊柱成直角弯曲。花期4-7月。
分布（Distribution）：产台湾和云南，地生兰，生于海拔540～800米的密林下或沟谷林下阴湿处。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 310
Acanthephippium sylhetense Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 177. 1833.
坛花兰 tan hua lan| Orchidaceae | Acanthephippium
Acanthephippium curtisii H. G. Reichenbach var. albidum Linden; A. pictum Fukuyama; A. ringiflorum Griffith; A. sylhetense var. pictum (Fukuyama) Hashimoto; A. yamamotoi Hayata.
Plants to 50 cm tall. Roots elongate. Pseudobulb ovoid-cylindric, 7-15 × 1.5-4 cm, 2-4-noded, with several large scalelike sheaths, 2-4-leaved. Leaves elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 30-40 × 8-11 cm, 5-veined, apex acuminate; petiole-like base ca. 2 cm, sheathing. Inflorescence 15-20 cm, fleshy, with several broadly ovate-lanceolate sheaths at base; rachis densely 3-5-flowered; floral bracts deep purple, ovate to oblong, concave, 2-2.5 cm, apex acute. Flowers white or yellow with purplish brown spots, campanulate-tubular, 40-45 mm; pedicel and ovary pale purple, 30-40 mm, sparsely pubescent. Sepals connate at base and connivent above, forming an urceolate tube with apices free; dorsal sepal subelliptic, 20-30 × 10-15 mm, 7-veined, apex obtuse; lateral sepals triangular to oblong, oblique, ca. 40 × 17-20 mm, 7-veined, base adnate to column foot, apex obtuse. Petals elliptic-obovate, 20-25 × 10-14 mm, fleshy, 5-veined, apex obtuse; lip adnate to apex of column foot, ca. 15 mm, fleshy, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, white, falcate, embracing column, ca. 8 mm; mid-lobe lemon-yellow, ligulate, 6-8 mm, apex obtuse, strongly recurved; disk white with purplish brown spots, fleshy, with 3-5 toothed lamellae; mentum formed by bases of lateral sepals and column foot, yellow with yellowish brown stripes, saccate, short, apex obtuse-rounded. Column white, ca. 15 mm; column foot white, tinged with purple, ca. 40 mm, inflexed at its mid-point through an angle of 30-40°, adnate to base of lateral sepals for ca. 1/2 of its length, slightly recurved toward apex; anther ca. 3 mm; larger pollinia ca. 2 mm, smaller pollinia ca. 1 mm; rostellum truncate; stigma broadly obovoid. Capsule to 60 mm. Fl. Apr-Jul.
Damp places in dense forests, along valleys; 500-800 m. Taiwan, S Yunnan [Bangladesh, NE India, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand].
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