蒜Allium sativum
中文名（Chinese Name）：蒜
学名（Scientific Name）：Allium sativum Linn.
英文名（English Common Name）：cultivated garlic
别名（Chinese Common Name）：大蒜，葫
异名（Synonym）：Allium pekinense Prokhanov Porrum ophioscorodon (Link) Rchb. Allium longicuspis Regel Allium ophioscorodon Link Allium sativum subsp. ophioscorodon (Link) Schübl. & G.Martens Allium sativum var. ophioscorodon (Link) Döll Allium sativum var. subrotundum Gren. & Godr. Allium scorodoprasum var. viviparum Regel Allium sativum var. pekinense (Prokh.) F.Maek. Allium sativum f. pekinense (Prokh.) Makino Allium sativum var. controversum (Schrad. ex Willd.) Nyman Allium scorodoprasum subsp. viviparum (Regel) K.Richt. Allium sativum subsp. subrotundum (Gren. & Godr.) K.Richt. Allium sativum subsp. controversum (Schrad. ex Willd.) K.Richt.
科属（Family & Genus）：百合科（Liliaceae）葱属
形态特征（Description）： 鳞茎球状至扁球状，通常由多数肉质、瓣状的小鳞茎紧密地排列而成，外面被数层白色至带紫色的膜质鳞茎外皮。叶宽条形至条状披针形，扁平，先端长渐尖，比花葶短，宽可达2.5厘米。花葶实心，圆柱状，高可达60厘米，中部以下被叶鞘；总苞具长7-20厘米的长喙，早落；伞形花序密具珠芽，间有数花；小花梗纤细；小苞片大，卵形，膜质，具短尖；花常为淡红色；花被片披针形至卵状披针形，长3-4毫米，内轮的较短；花丝比花被片短，基部合生并与花被片贴生，内轮的基部扩大，扩大部分每侧各具1齿，齿端成长丝状，长超过花被片，外轮的锥形；子房球状；花柱不伸出花被外。花期7月。
分布（Distribution）：原产亚洲西部或欧洲。世界上已有悠久的栽培历史，我国南北普遍栽培，幼苗、花葶和鳞茎均供蔬食，鳞茎还可以作药用。
用途（Use）：
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 24 Page 200
Allium sativum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 296. 1753.
蒜 suan| Liliaceae | Allium
Allium pekinense Prokhanov.
Bulb solitary, globose to applanate-globose, usually consisting of several bulbels covered with a common tunic; tunic white to purple, membranous, entire. Leaves broadly linear to linear-lanceolate, shorter than scape, to 2.5 cm wide, apex acuminate. Scape 25--50 cm, terete, covered with leaf sheaths for ca. 1/2 its length. Spathe deciduous; beak 7--20 cm. Umbel with many bulblets and few flowers. Pedicels slender, longer than perianth; bracteoles ovate, rather large, membranous, apex acute. Perianth usually pale red; outer segments ovate-lanceolate, ca. 4 × 1.4 mm; inner ones ovate, ca. 3 × 1.4 mm. Filaments shorter than perianth segments, connate at base and adnate to perianth segments; outer ones subulate; inner ones broadened at base, 1-toothed on each side, teeth with apex filiform and longer than perianth segments. Ovary globose. Style not exserted. Fl. Jul. 2 n = 16*, 48.
Cultivated as a vegetable [native to Asia; also widely cultivated].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Allium sativum Linn.
英文名（English Common Name）：cultivated garlic
别名（Chinese Common Name）：大蒜，葫
异名（Synonym）：Allium pekinense Prokhanov Porrum ophioscorodon (Link) Rchb. Allium longicuspis Regel Allium ophioscorodon Link Allium sativum subsp. ophioscorodon (Link) Schübl. & G.Martens Allium sativum var. ophioscorodon (Link) Döll Allium sativum var. subrotundum Gren. & Godr. Allium scorodoprasum var. viviparum Regel Allium sativum var. pekinense (Prokh.) F.Maek. Allium sativum f. pekinense (Prokh.) Makino Allium sativum var. controversum (Schrad. ex Willd.) Nyman Allium scorodoprasum subsp. viviparum (Regel) K.Richt. Allium sativum subsp. subrotundum (Gren. & Godr.) K.Richt. Allium sativum subsp. controversum (Schrad. ex Willd.) K.Richt.
科属（Family & Genus）：百合科（Liliaceae）葱属
形态特征（Description）： 鳞茎球状至扁球状，通常由多数肉质、瓣状的小鳞茎紧密地排列而成，外面被数层白色至带紫色的膜质鳞茎外皮。叶宽条形至条状披针形，扁平，先端长渐尖，比花葶短，宽可达2.5厘米。花葶实心，圆柱状，高可达60厘米，中部以下被叶鞘；总苞具长7-20厘米的长喙，早落；伞形花序密具珠芽，间有数花；小花梗纤细；小苞片大，卵形，膜质，具短尖；花常为淡红色；花被片披针形至卵状披针形，长3-4毫米，内轮的较短；花丝比花被片短，基部合生并与花被片贴生，内轮的基部扩大，扩大部分每侧各具1齿，齿端成长丝状，长超过花被片，外轮的锥形；子房球状；花柱不伸出花被外。花期7月。
分布（Distribution）：原产亚洲西部或欧洲。世界上已有悠久的栽培历史，我国南北普遍栽培，幼苗、花葶和鳞茎均供蔬食，鳞茎还可以作药用。
用途（Use）：
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 24 Page 200
Allium sativum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 296. 1753.
蒜 suan| Liliaceae | Allium
Allium pekinense Prokhanov.
Bulb solitary, globose to applanate-globose, usually consisting of several bulbels covered with a common tunic; tunic white to purple, membranous, entire. Leaves broadly linear to linear-lanceolate, shorter than scape, to 2.5 cm wide, apex acuminate. Scape 25--50 cm, terete, covered with leaf sheaths for ca. 1/2 its length. Spathe deciduous; beak 7--20 cm. Umbel with many bulblets and few flowers. Pedicels slender, longer than perianth; bracteoles ovate, rather large, membranous, apex acute. Perianth usually pale red; outer segments ovate-lanceolate, ca. 4 × 1.4 mm; inner ones ovate, ca. 3 × 1.4 mm. Filaments shorter than perianth segments, connate at base and adnate to perianth segments; outer ones subulate; inner ones broadened at base, 1-toothed on each side, teeth with apex filiform and longer than perianth segments. Ovary globose. Style not exserted. Fl. Jul. 2 n = 16*, 48.
Cultivated as a vegetable [native to Asia; also widely cultivated].
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