坡柳Dodonaea viscosa
中文名（Chinese Name）：坡柳
学名（Scientific Name）：Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq.
英文名（English Common Name）：Florida hopbush
别名（Chinese Common Name）：车桑子
异名（Synonym）：Dodonaea viscosa var. angustifolia (L. f.) Benth. Dodonaea viscosa var. vulgaris Benth. Ptelea viscosa L. Dodonaea ehrenbergii Schlecht. Dodonaea elaeagnoides Rudolph ex Ledeb. & Alderstam Dodonaea jamaicensis DC. Dodonaea microcarya Small Dodonaea spathulata Sm. Dodonaea eriocarpa Sm. Dodonaea sandwicensis Sherff Dodonaea stenoptera Hbd. Dodonaea eriocarpa var. amphioxea O. Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. confertior Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. costulata O.& I. Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. degeneri Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. forbesii Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. glabrescens Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. hillebrandii Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. hosakana Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. lanaiensis Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. molokaiensis O. Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. oblonga Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. obtusior Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. pallida O. Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. sherffii O.& I. Deg. Dodonaea eriocarpa var. skottsbergii Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. vaccinioides Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. varians O. Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. waimeana Sherff Dodonaea sandwicensis var. latifolia O. Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea sandwicensis var. simulans Sherff Dodonaea stenoptera var. fauriei (Levl.) Sherff Dodonaea viscosa var. arborescens (A. Cunningham ex Hook.) Sherff Dodonaea viscosa var. spathulata (Sm.) West Dodonaea arabica Hochst. & Steud. Dodonaea arborea Herter Dodonaea aspleniifolia var. arborescens Hook.f. Dodonaea bialata Kunth Dodonaea candolleana var. minor Blume Dodonaea candolleana Blume Dodonaea cuneata var. rigida Benth. Dodonaea dioica Roxb. ex DC. Dodonaea eriocarpa f. acuminata O.Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa f. decipiens Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa f. degeneri Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa f. galapagensis Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa f. obtusior Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa f. obtusiorgalapagensis Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa f. pallida O.Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea fauriei H.Lév. Dodonaea forsteri Montrouz. Dodonaea illita F.Muell. ex Regel Dodonaea kohautiana Schltdl. Dodonaea latifolia Salisb. Dodonaea linearifolia Turcz. Dodonaea lucida Moench Dodonaea neriifolia A.Cunn. ex A.Gray Dodonaea ovata Dum.Cours. Dodonaea pallida Miq. Dodonaea pauca Herrera Dodonaea paulinia Herrera Dodonaea pentandra Griff. Dodonaea repanda Thonn. Dodonaea scabra Lodd. ex Loudon Dodonaea spatulata Sm. Dodonaea viscosa f. arborescens (Hook.f.) Sherff Dodonaea viscosa f. ehrenbergii (Schltdl.) Sherff Dodonaea viscosa f. elaeagnoides (Rudolphi ex Ledeb. & Adlerstam) Brizicky Dodonaea viscosa f. eriocarpoidea Sherff Dodonaea viscosa f. hispidula Sherff Dodonaea viscosa f. lilacina Kuntze Dodonaea viscosa f. minor (Blume) Backer Dodonaea viscosa f. spatulata (Sm.) Sherff Dodonaea viscosa f. viridula Kuntze Dodonaea viscosa subsp. spatulata (Sm.) J.G.West Dodonaea viscosa var. aspleniifolia (Rudge) Hook.f. Dodonaea viscosa var. candolleana (Blume) Backer Dodonaea viscosa var. galapagensis (Sherff) Porter Dodonaea viscosa var. minor Sherff Dodonaea viscosa var. obovata C.L.Hitchc. Dodonaea viscosa var. spatulata (Sm.) Benth. Dodonaea viscosa var. stokesiana F.Br.
科属（Family & Genus）：无患子科（Sapindaceae）车桑子属
形态特征（Description）：灌木或小乔木，高1-3米或更高；小枝扁，有狭翅或棱角，覆有胶状粘液。单叶，纸质，形状和大小变异很大，线形、线状匙形、线状披针形、倒披针形或长圆形，长5-12厘米，宽0.5-4厘米，顶端短尖、钝或圆，全缘或不明显的浅波状，两面有粘液，无毛，干时光亮；侧脉多而密，甚纤细；叶柄短或近无柄。花序顶生或在小枝上部腋生，比叶短，密花，主轴和分枝均有棱角；花梗纤细，长2-5毫米，有时可达1厘米；萼片4，披针形或长椭圆形，长约3毫米，顶端钝；雄蕊7或8，花丝长不及1毫米，花药长2.5毫米，内屈，有腺点；子房椭圆形，外面有胶状粘液，2或3室，花柱长约6毫米，顶端2或3深裂。蒴果倒心形或扁球形，2或3翅，高1.5-2.2厘米，连翅宽1.8-2.5厘米，种皮膜质或纸质，有脉纹；种子每室1或2颗，透镜状，黑色。花期秋末，果期冬末春初。
分布（Distribution）：分布于西南部、南部至东南部，常生于干旱山坡、旷地或海边的沙土上。分布于全世界的热带和亚热带地区。
用途（Use）：全株含微量氢氰酸，叶尚含生物碱和皂苷，食之可引起腹泻等症状。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 12 Page 7
Dodonaea viscosa Jacquin, Enum. Syst. Pl. 19. 1760.
车桑子 che sang zi| Sapindaceae | Dodonaea
Ptelea viscosa Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 118. 1753.
Shrubs or small trees, 1-3 m tall or higher. Branches flat, narrowly winged or ridged, with sticky juice. Leaves simple; petiole short or nearly absent; blades variable in shape and size, linear, linear-spoon-shaped, linear-lanceolate, or oblong, 5-12 × 0.5-4 cm, papery, both surfaces with sticky juice, glabrous, nitid when dry, lateral veins many, dense, very slender, margin entire or inconspicuously shallowly wavy, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded. Inflorescences terminal or axillary near apices, shorter than leaves, densely flowered, rachis and branches ridged. Pedicels 2-5 mm, sometimes to 1 cm, slender. Sepals 4, lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, ca. 3 mm, apex obtuse. Stamens 7 or 8; filaments less than 1 mm; anthers incurved, ca. 2.5 mm, glandular. Ovary ellipsoid, abaxially with sticky juice, 2- or 3-loculed; style ca. 6 mm, apex 2- or 3-lobed. Capsules obcordiform or compressed-globose, 2- or 3-winged, 1.5-2.2 cm tall, with wing 1.8-2.5 cm wide; testa membranous or papery, veined. Seeds 1 or 2 per locule, black, lenslike. Fl. late autumn, fr. late autumn-early spring. 2n = 28.
Forest margins, savannahs, coastal vegetation on or behind sandy beaches. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions].
Two forms of this species are often recognized, one coastal and the other at higher elevations.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq.
英文名（English Common Name）：Florida hopbush
别名（Chinese Common Name）：车桑子
异名（Synonym）：Dodonaea viscosa var. angustifolia (L. f.) Benth. Dodonaea viscosa var. vulgaris Benth. Ptelea viscosa L. Dodonaea ehrenbergii Schlecht. Dodonaea elaeagnoides Rudolph ex Ledeb. & Alderstam Dodonaea jamaicensis DC. Dodonaea microcarya Small Dodonaea spathulata Sm. Dodonaea eriocarpa Sm. Dodonaea sandwicensis Sherff Dodonaea stenoptera Hbd. Dodonaea eriocarpa var. amphioxea O. Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. confertior Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. costulata O.& I. Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. degeneri Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. forbesii Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. glabrescens Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. hillebrandii Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. hosakana Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. lanaiensis Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. molokaiensis O. Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. oblonga Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. obtusior Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. pallida O. Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. sherffii O.& I. Deg. Dodonaea eriocarpa var. skottsbergii Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. vaccinioides Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. varians O. Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa var. waimeana Sherff Dodonaea sandwicensis var. latifolia O. Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea sandwicensis var. simulans Sherff Dodonaea stenoptera var. fauriei (Levl.) Sherff Dodonaea viscosa var. arborescens (A. Cunningham ex Hook.) Sherff Dodonaea viscosa var. spathulata (Sm.) West Dodonaea arabica Hochst. & Steud. Dodonaea arborea Herter Dodonaea aspleniifolia var. arborescens Hook.f. Dodonaea bialata Kunth Dodonaea candolleana var. minor Blume Dodonaea candolleana Blume Dodonaea cuneata var. rigida Benth. Dodonaea dioica Roxb. ex DC. Dodonaea eriocarpa f. acuminata O.Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa f. decipiens Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa f. degeneri Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa f. galapagensis Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa f. obtusior Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa f. obtusiorgalapagensis Sherff Dodonaea eriocarpa f. pallida O.Deg. & Sherff Dodonaea fauriei H.Lév. Dodonaea forsteri Montrouz. Dodonaea illita F.Muell. ex Regel Dodonaea kohautiana Schltdl. Dodonaea latifolia Salisb. Dodonaea linearifolia Turcz. Dodonaea lucida Moench Dodonaea neriifolia A.Cunn. ex A.Gray Dodonaea ovata Dum.Cours. Dodonaea pallida Miq. Dodonaea pauca Herrera Dodonaea paulinia Herrera Dodonaea pentandra Griff. Dodonaea repanda Thonn. Dodonaea scabra Lodd. ex Loudon Dodonaea spatulata Sm. Dodonaea viscosa f. arborescens (Hook.f.) Sherff Dodonaea viscosa f. ehrenbergii (Schltdl.) Sherff Dodonaea viscosa f. elaeagnoides (Rudolphi ex Ledeb. & Adlerstam) Brizicky Dodonaea viscosa f. eriocarpoidea Sherff Dodonaea viscosa f. hispidula Sherff Dodonaea viscosa f. lilacina Kuntze Dodonaea viscosa f. minor (Blume) Backer Dodonaea viscosa f. spatulata (Sm.) Sherff Dodonaea viscosa f. viridula Kuntze Dodonaea viscosa subsp. spatulata (Sm.) J.G.West Dodonaea viscosa var. aspleniifolia (Rudge) Hook.f. Dodonaea viscosa var. candolleana (Blume) Backer Dodonaea viscosa var. galapagensis (Sherff) Porter Dodonaea viscosa var. minor Sherff Dodonaea viscosa var. obovata C.L.Hitchc. Dodonaea viscosa var. spatulata (Sm.) Benth. Dodonaea viscosa var. stokesiana F.Br.
科属（Family & Genus）：无患子科（Sapindaceae）车桑子属
形态特征（Description）：灌木或小乔木，高1-3米或更高；小枝扁，有狭翅或棱角，覆有胶状粘液。单叶，纸质，形状和大小变异很大，线形、线状匙形、线状披针形、倒披针形或长圆形，长5-12厘米，宽0.5-4厘米，顶端短尖、钝或圆，全缘或不明显的浅波状，两面有粘液，无毛，干时光亮；侧脉多而密，甚纤细；叶柄短或近无柄。花序顶生或在小枝上部腋生，比叶短，密花，主轴和分枝均有棱角；花梗纤细，长2-5毫米，有时可达1厘米；萼片4，披针形或长椭圆形，长约3毫米，顶端钝；雄蕊7或8，花丝长不及1毫米，花药长2.5毫米，内屈，有腺点；子房椭圆形，外面有胶状粘液，2或3室，花柱长约6毫米，顶端2或3深裂。蒴果倒心形或扁球形，2或3翅，高1.5-2.2厘米，连翅宽1.8-2.5厘米，种皮膜质或纸质，有脉纹；种子每室1或2颗，透镜状，黑色。花期秋末，果期冬末春初。
分布（Distribution）：分布于西南部、南部至东南部，常生于干旱山坡、旷地或海边的沙土上。分布于全世界的热带和亚热带地区。
用途（Use）：全株含微量氢氰酸，叶尚含生物碱和皂苷，食之可引起腹泻等症状。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 12 Page 7
Dodonaea viscosa Jacquin, Enum. Syst. Pl. 19. 1760.
车桑子 che sang zi| Sapindaceae | Dodonaea
Ptelea viscosa Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 118. 1753.
Shrubs or small trees, 1-3 m tall or higher. Branches flat, narrowly winged or ridged, with sticky juice. Leaves simple; petiole short or nearly absent; blades variable in shape and size, linear, linear-spoon-shaped, linear-lanceolate, or oblong, 5-12 × 0.5-4 cm, papery, both surfaces with sticky juice, glabrous, nitid when dry, lateral veins many, dense, very slender, margin entire or inconspicuously shallowly wavy, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded. Inflorescences terminal or axillary near apices, shorter than leaves, densely flowered, rachis and branches ridged. Pedicels 2-5 mm, sometimes to 1 cm, slender. Sepals 4, lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, ca. 3 mm, apex obtuse. Stamens 7 or 8; filaments less than 1 mm; anthers incurved, ca. 2.5 mm, glandular. Ovary ellipsoid, abaxially with sticky juice, 2- or 3-loculed; style ca. 6 mm, apex 2- or 3-lobed. Capsules obcordiform or compressed-globose, 2- or 3-winged, 1.5-2.2 cm tall, with wing 1.8-2.5 cm wide; testa membranous or papery, veined. Seeds 1 or 2 per locule, black, lenslike. Fl. late autumn, fr. late autumn-early spring. 2n = 28.
Forest margins, savannahs, coastal vegetation on or behind sandy beaches. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions].
Two forms of this species are often recognized, one coastal and the other at higher elevations.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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