决明Senna tora
中文名（Chinese Name）：决明
学名（Scientific Name）：Senna tora (L.) Roxb.
英文名（English Common Name）：sickle senna
别名（Chinese Common Name）：草决明
异名（Synonym）：Cassia tora Linn. Cassia gallinaria Collad. Cassia numilis Collad. Cassia borneensis Miq. Cassia boreensis Miq. Cassia tora var. borneensis (Miq.)Miq.
科属（Family & Genus）：云实科,Caesalpiniaceae山扁豆属
形态特征（Description）：直立、粗壮、一年生亚灌木状草本，高1-2米。叶长4-8厘米；叶柄上无腺体；叶轴上每对小叶间有棒状的腺体1枚；小叶3对，膜质，倒卵形或倒卵状长椭圆形，长2-6厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，顶端圆钝而有小尖头，基部渐狭，偏斜，上面被稀疏柔毛，下面被柔毛；小叶柄长1.5-2毫米；托叶线状，被柔毛，早落。花腋生，通常2朵聚生；总花梗长6-10毫米；花梗长1-1.5厘米，丝状；萼片稍不等大，卵形或卵状长圆形，膜质，外面被柔毛，长约8毫米；花瓣黄色，下面二片略长，长12-15毫米，宽5-7毫米；能育雄蕊7枚，花药四方形，顶孔开裂，长约4毫米，花丝短于花药；子房无柄，被白色柔毛。荚果纤细，近四棱形，两端渐尖，长达15厘米，宽3-4毫米，膜质；种子约25颗，菱形，光亮。花果期8-11月。
分布（Distribution）：我国长江以南各省区普遍分布，生于山坡、旷野及河滩沙地上。原产美洲热带地区，现全世界热带、亚热带地区广泛分布。
用途（Use）：其种子叫决明子，有清肝明目、利水通便之功效，同时还可提取蓝色染料；苗叶和嫩果可食。
引自植物志英文版： FOC Vol. 10 Page 29, 32
Senna tora (Linnaeus) Roxburgh, Fl. Ind., ed. 1832. 2: 340. 1832.
决明 jue ming| Fabaceae | Senna
Cassia tora Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 376. 1753.
Herbs, suffrutescent, annual, erect, 1-2 m tall. Leaves 4-8 cm; stipules caducous, linear, 10-15 mm; petiole without glands; rachis with a club-shaped gland between leaflets; petiolules 1.5-2 mm; leaflets 3 pairs, obovate or obovate-oblong, 2-6 × 1.5-2.5 cm, membranous, abaxially pubescent, adaxially sparsely pubescent, base cuneate to rounded and oblique, apex rounded, cuspidate. Racemes axillary, short, 1- or 2(or 3)-flowered; peduncles 6-10 mm; bracts linear, acute. Pedicels 1-1.5 cm. Sepals ovate or ovate-oblong, 5-8 mm, membranous, outside pubescent. Petals yellow, unequal, obovate, lower 2 slightly longer, 12-15 × 5-7 mm, shortly clawed. Fertile stamens 7, nearly equal, filaments 1.5-2 mm, anthers opening by apical pores, ca. 4 mm, 3 larger, 4 smaller, staminodes absent. Ovary sessile, densely white pubescent; style glabrous. Legume terete, subtetragonous, slender, 10-15 × 0.3-0.5 cm, both ends acuminate, valves membranous. Seeds 20-30, glossy, rhomboid, ca. 5 × 3 mm, with an areole. 2n = 26*, 28*, 56*.
Mountain slopes, wastelands, riverbank sand. Widespread to S of the Chang Jiang [native to tropical America; widely cultivated in the tropics and subtropics].
The seeds known as "jue ming zi" (决明子) are used medicinally as a diuretic and purgative.
In addition, X. Y. Zhu et al. (Legumes China, 32. 2007) recorded Senna obtusifolia (Linnaeus) H. S. Irwin & Barneby as widely cultivated in China (as S. tora var. obtusifolia (Linnaeus) X. Y. Zhu).
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Senna tora (L.) Roxb.
英文名（English Common Name）：sickle senna
别名（Chinese Common Name）：草决明
异名（Synonym）：Cassia tora Linn. Cassia gallinaria Collad. Cassia numilis Collad. Cassia borneensis Miq. Cassia boreensis Miq. Cassia tora var. borneensis (Miq.)Miq.
科属（Family & Genus）：云实科,Caesalpiniaceae山扁豆属
形态特征（Description）：直立、粗壮、一年生亚灌木状草本，高1-2米。叶长4-8厘米；叶柄上无腺体；叶轴上每对小叶间有棒状的腺体1枚；小叶3对，膜质，倒卵形或倒卵状长椭圆形，长2-6厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，顶端圆钝而有小尖头，基部渐狭，偏斜，上面被稀疏柔毛，下面被柔毛；小叶柄长1.5-2毫米；托叶线状，被柔毛，早落。花腋生，通常2朵聚生；总花梗长6-10毫米；花梗长1-1.5厘米，丝状；萼片稍不等大，卵形或卵状长圆形，膜质，外面被柔毛，长约8毫米；花瓣黄色，下面二片略长，长12-15毫米，宽5-7毫米；能育雄蕊7枚，花药四方形，顶孔开裂，长约4毫米，花丝短于花药；子房无柄，被白色柔毛。荚果纤细，近四棱形，两端渐尖，长达15厘米，宽3-4毫米，膜质；种子约25颗，菱形，光亮。花果期8-11月。
分布（Distribution）：我国长江以南各省区普遍分布，生于山坡、旷野及河滩沙地上。原产美洲热带地区，现全世界热带、亚热带地区广泛分布。
用途（Use）：其种子叫决明子，有清肝明目、利水通便之功效，同时还可提取蓝色染料；苗叶和嫩果可食。
引自植物志英文版： FOC Vol. 10 Page 29, 32
Senna tora (Linnaeus) Roxburgh, Fl. Ind., ed. 1832. 2: 340. 1832.
决明 jue ming| Fabaceae | Senna
Cassia tora Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 376. 1753.
Herbs, suffrutescent, annual, erect, 1-2 m tall. Leaves 4-8 cm; stipules caducous, linear, 10-15 mm; petiole without glands; rachis with a club-shaped gland between leaflets; petiolules 1.5-2 mm; leaflets 3 pairs, obovate or obovate-oblong, 2-6 × 1.5-2.5 cm, membranous, abaxially pubescent, adaxially sparsely pubescent, base cuneate to rounded and oblique, apex rounded, cuspidate. Racemes axillary, short, 1- or 2(or 3)-flowered; peduncles 6-10 mm; bracts linear, acute. Pedicels 1-1.5 cm. Sepals ovate or ovate-oblong, 5-8 mm, membranous, outside pubescent. Petals yellow, unequal, obovate, lower 2 slightly longer, 12-15 × 5-7 mm, shortly clawed. Fertile stamens 7, nearly equal, filaments 1.5-2 mm, anthers opening by apical pores, ca. 4 mm, 3 larger, 4 smaller, staminodes absent. Ovary sessile, densely white pubescent; style glabrous. Legume terete, subtetragonous, slender, 10-15 × 0.3-0.5 cm, both ends acuminate, valves membranous. Seeds 20-30, glossy, rhomboid, ca. 5 × 3 mm, with an areole. 2n = 26*, 28*, 56*.
Mountain slopes, wastelands, riverbank sand. Widespread to S of the Chang Jiang [native to tropical America; widely cultivated in the tropics and subtropics].
The seeds known as "jue ming zi" (决明子) are used medicinally as a diuretic and purgative.
In addition, X. Y. Zhu et al. (Legumes China, 32. 2007) recorded Senna obtusifolia (Linnaeus) H. S. Irwin & Barneby as widely cultivated in China (as S. tora var. obtusifolia (Linnaeus) X. Y. Zhu).
（责任编辑：徐晔春）踩一下[1]
顶一下[4]