大叶醉鱼草Buddleja davidii
中文名（Chinese Name）：大叶醉鱼草
学名（Scientific Name）：Buddleja davidii Franch.
英文名（English Common Name）：orange eye butterflybush
别名（Chinese Common Name）：绛花醉鱼草
异名（Synonym）：Buddleja shaanxiensis Z. Y. Zhang Buddleja davidii var. magnifica (E. H. Wilson) Rehder et E. H. Wilson Buddleja davidii var. superba (Veitch) Rehder et E. H. Wilson Buddleja striata var. zhouquensis Z. Y. Zhang Buddleja variabilis Hemsl. Buddleja variabilis var. magnifica E. H. Wilson Buddleja davidii var. wilsonii (E. H. Wilson) Rehder et E. H. Wilson Buddleja variabilis var. superba Veitch Buddleja davidii var. alba Rehder et E. H. Wilson Buddleja shimidzuana Nakai Buddleja variabilis var. nanhoensis Chitt. Buddleja variabilis var. prostrata C. K. Schneid. Buddleja variabilis var. veitchiana Veitch Buddleja variabilis var. wilsonii E. H. Wilson Buddleja davidii var. nanhoensis (Chitt.) Rehder Buddleja davidii var. veitchiana (Veitch) Rehder et Bailey Buddleja davidii var. glabrescens Gagnep. Buddleja davidii var. magnifera Rehder & E.H.Wilson Buddleia davidii Franch.
科属（Family & Genus）：马钱科（Loganiaceae）醉鱼草属
形态特征（Description）：灌木，高1-5米。小枝外展而下弯，略呈四棱形；幼枝、叶片下面、叶柄和花序均密被灰白色星状短绒毛。叶对生，叶片膜质至薄纸质，狭卵形、狭椭圆形至卵状披针形，稀宽卵形，长1-20厘米，宽0.3-7.5厘米，顶端渐尖，基部宽楔形至钝，有时下延至叶柄基部，边缘具细锯齿，上面深绿色，被疏星状短柔毛，后变无毛；侧脉每边9-14条，上面扁平，下面微凸起；叶柄长1-5毫米；叶柄间具有2枚卵形或半圆形的托叶，有时托叶早落。总状或圆锥状聚伞花序，顶生，长4-30厘米，宽2-5毫米；花梗长0.5-5毫米；小苞片线状披针形，长2-5毫来；葬粤钟状，长2-3毫米，外面被星状短绒毛，后变无毛，内面无毛，花萼裂片披针形，长1-2毫米，膜质；花冠淡紫色，后变黄白色至白色，喉部橙黄色，芳香，长7.5-14毫米，外面被疏星状毛及鳞片，后变光滑无毛，花冠管细长，长6-11毫米，直径1-1.5毫米，内面被星状短柔毛，花冠裂片近圆形，长和宽1.5-3毫米，内面无毛，边缘全缘或具不整齐的齿；雄蕊着生于花冠管内壁中部，花丝短，花药长圆形，长0.8-1.2毫米，基部心形；子房卵形，长1.5-2毫米，直径约1毫米，无毛，花柱圆柱形，长0.5-1.5毫米，无毛，柱头棍棒状，长约1毫米。蒴果狭椭圆形或狭卵形，长5-9毫米，直径1.5-2毫米，2瓣裂，淡褐色，无毛，基部有宿存花萼；种子长椭圆形，长2-4毫米，直径约0.5毫米，两端具尖翅。花期5-10月，果期9-12月。
分布（Distribution）：产陕西、甘肃、江苏、浙江、江西、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、四川、贵州、云南和西藏等省区。生海拔800-3000米山坡、沟边灌木丛中。日本也有。
用途（Use）：全株供药用，有祛风散寒、止咳、消积止痛之效。花可提制芳香油。枝条柔软多姿，花美丽而芳香，是优良的庭园观赏植物。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 15 Page 334
Buddleja davidii Franchet, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., sér. 2. 10: 65. 1887.
大叶醉鱼草 da ye zui yu cao| Loganiaceae | Buddleja
Buddleja davidii var. alba Rehder & E. H. Wilson; B. davidii var. glabrescens Gagnepain; B. davidii var. magnifica (E. H. Wilson) Rehder & E. H. Wilson; B. davidii var. nanhoensis (Chittenden) Rehder; B. davidii var. superba (Veitch) Rehder & E. H. Wilson; B. davidii var. veitchiana (Veitch) Rehder & Bailey; B. davidii var. wilsonii (E. H. Wilson) Rehder & E. H. Wilson; B. shaanxiensis Z. Y. Zhang; B. shimidzuana Nakai; B. striata Z. Y. Zhang; B. striata var. zhouquensis Z. Y. Zhang; B. variabilis Hemsley; B. variabilis var. magnifica E. H. Wilson; B. variabilis var. nanhoensis Chittenden; B. variabilis var. prostrata C. K. Schneider; B. variabilis var. superba Veitch; B. variabilis var. veitchiana Veitch; B. variabilis var. wilsonii E. H. Wilson.
Shrubs 0.5--5 m tall; young branchlets, leaves abaxially, petioles, and inflorescences white tomentose or pubescent with stellate hairs. Branchlets nearly 4-angled. Stipules often present, suborbicular to ovate, 1--6 mm. Petiole 1--5 mm; leaf blade narrowly ovate, narrowly elliptic, or very narrowly ovate, 4--20 X 0.3--7.5 cm, adaxially dark green and glabrous or subglabrous, base cuneate, margin serrate, apex acuminate, lateral veins 9--14 pairs. Inflorescences terminal, seemingly racemose or thyrsoid cymes, 4--30 X 2--5 cm; lower bracts leaflike, others small and linear. Calyx campanulate, 2--3.5 mm, outside stellate pubescent to glabrous; lobes narrowly triangular, 0.5--2 mm. Corolla violet to dark purple, sometimes white, with an orange-yellow throat, 0.8--1.4 cm, outside glabrous or stellate pubescent and/or with glandular hairs; tube narrowly cylindrical or subcylindrical, 6--11.5 X 1--1.5 mm, inside pilose except at base; lobes suborbicular, 1.5--3 X 1.5--3 mm, outside glabrous. Stamens inserted at middle to near base of corolla tube; anthers oblong, 0.8--1.2 mm. Ovary ovoid, 1.2--2 X 0.8--1.1 mm, glabrous to minutely pubescent, sometimes with glandular hairs. Style 0.5--1.5 mm; stigma clavate. Capsules brown, narrowly ellipsoid to narrowly ovoid, 5--9 X 1.5--2 mm, glabrous or sparsely stellate pubescent. Seeds ellipsoid, 2--4 X ca. 0.5 mm, long winged at both ends. Fl. May-Oct.
Thickets on mountain slopes, side of draws in mountains; 800--3000 m. Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan (most probably introduced)].
Medicinal; ornamental.
Buddleja davidii Franchet X B. fallowiana I. B. Balfour & W. W. Smith has been reported from Yunnan (Leeuwenberg, Meded. Landbouwhogeschool 79(6): 149. 1979). This hybrid has the following characteristics: Shrubs. Branchlets terete, densely stellate tomentose. Leaves subsessile to petiole 6 mm; leaf blade ovate to narrowly elliptic, 4--13 X 1--6.5 cm, both surfaces densely stellate tomentose to adaxially glabrescent, base cuneate to decurrent, margin crenate-serrate, apex acuminate, acute, or obtuse, venation inconspicuous. Inflorescences terminal, thyrsoid, 5--15 X 2--3 cm. Calyx campanulate, 3.5--5 mm, inside densely stellate tomentose. Corolla violet to lilac, with an orange-yellow throat, outside densely stellate tomentose and with glandular hairs, tube ca. 9 mm; lobes orbicular, 1--3 X 1--3 mm. Stamens inserted above middle of corolla tube; anthers oblong. Ovary oblong, stellate tomentose. Fl. May-Oct.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Buddleja davidii Franch.
英文名（English Common Name）：orange eye butterflybush
别名（Chinese Common Name）：绛花醉鱼草
异名（Synonym）：Buddleja shaanxiensis Z. Y. Zhang Buddleja davidii var. magnifica (E. H. Wilson) Rehder et E. H. Wilson Buddleja davidii var. superba (Veitch) Rehder et E. H. Wilson Buddleja striata var. zhouquensis Z. Y. Zhang Buddleja variabilis Hemsl. Buddleja variabilis var. magnifica E. H. Wilson Buddleja davidii var. wilsonii (E. H. Wilson) Rehder et E. H. Wilson Buddleja variabilis var. superba Veitch Buddleja davidii var. alba Rehder et E. H. Wilson Buddleja shimidzuana Nakai Buddleja variabilis var. nanhoensis Chitt. Buddleja variabilis var. prostrata C. K. Schneid. Buddleja variabilis var. veitchiana Veitch Buddleja variabilis var. wilsonii E. H. Wilson Buddleja davidii var. nanhoensis (Chitt.) Rehder Buddleja davidii var. veitchiana (Veitch) Rehder et Bailey Buddleja davidii var. glabrescens Gagnep. Buddleja davidii var. magnifera Rehder & E.H.Wilson Buddleia davidii Franch.
科属（Family & Genus）：马钱科（Loganiaceae）醉鱼草属
形态特征（Description）：灌木，高1-5米。小枝外展而下弯，略呈四棱形；幼枝、叶片下面、叶柄和花序均密被灰白色星状短绒毛。叶对生，叶片膜质至薄纸质，狭卵形、狭椭圆形至卵状披针形，稀宽卵形，长1-20厘米，宽0.3-7.5厘米，顶端渐尖，基部宽楔形至钝，有时下延至叶柄基部，边缘具细锯齿，上面深绿色，被疏星状短柔毛，后变无毛；侧脉每边9-14条，上面扁平，下面微凸起；叶柄长1-5毫米；叶柄间具有2枚卵形或半圆形的托叶，有时托叶早落。总状或圆锥状聚伞花序，顶生，长4-30厘米，宽2-5毫米；花梗长0.5-5毫米；小苞片线状披针形，长2-5毫来；葬粤钟状，长2-3毫米，外面被星状短绒毛，后变无毛，内面无毛，花萼裂片披针形，长1-2毫米，膜质；花冠淡紫色，后变黄白色至白色，喉部橙黄色，芳香，长7.5-14毫米，外面被疏星状毛及鳞片，后变光滑无毛，花冠管细长，长6-11毫米，直径1-1.5毫米，内面被星状短柔毛，花冠裂片近圆形，长和宽1.5-3毫米，内面无毛，边缘全缘或具不整齐的齿；雄蕊着生于花冠管内壁中部，花丝短，花药长圆形，长0.8-1.2毫米，基部心形；子房卵形，长1.5-2毫米，直径约1毫米，无毛，花柱圆柱形，长0.5-1.5毫米，无毛，柱头棍棒状，长约1毫米。蒴果狭椭圆形或狭卵形，长5-9毫米，直径1.5-2毫米，2瓣裂，淡褐色，无毛，基部有宿存花萼；种子长椭圆形，长2-4毫米，直径约0.5毫米，两端具尖翅。花期5-10月，果期9-12月。
分布（Distribution）：产陕西、甘肃、江苏、浙江、江西、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、四川、贵州、云南和西藏等省区。生海拔800-3000米山坡、沟边灌木丛中。日本也有。
用途（Use）：全株供药用，有祛风散寒、止咳、消积止痛之效。花可提制芳香油。枝条柔软多姿，花美丽而芳香，是优良的庭园观赏植物。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 15 Page 334
Buddleja davidii Franchet, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., sér. 2. 10: 65. 1887.
大叶醉鱼草 da ye zui yu cao| Loganiaceae | Buddleja
Buddleja davidii var. alba Rehder & E. H. Wilson; B. davidii var. glabrescens Gagnepain; B. davidii var. magnifica (E. H. Wilson) Rehder & E. H. Wilson; B. davidii var. nanhoensis (Chittenden) Rehder; B. davidii var. superba (Veitch) Rehder & E. H. Wilson; B. davidii var. veitchiana (Veitch) Rehder & Bailey; B. davidii var. wilsonii (E. H. Wilson) Rehder & E. H. Wilson; B. shaanxiensis Z. Y. Zhang; B. shimidzuana Nakai; B. striata Z. Y. Zhang; B. striata var. zhouquensis Z. Y. Zhang; B. variabilis Hemsley; B. variabilis var. magnifica E. H. Wilson; B. variabilis var. nanhoensis Chittenden; B. variabilis var. prostrata C. K. Schneider; B. variabilis var. superba Veitch; B. variabilis var. veitchiana Veitch; B. variabilis var. wilsonii E. H. Wilson.
Shrubs 0.5--5 m tall; young branchlets, leaves abaxially, petioles, and inflorescences white tomentose or pubescent with stellate hairs. Branchlets nearly 4-angled. Stipules often present, suborbicular to ovate, 1--6 mm. Petiole 1--5 mm; leaf blade narrowly ovate, narrowly elliptic, or very narrowly ovate, 4--20 X 0.3--7.5 cm, adaxially dark green and glabrous or subglabrous, base cuneate, margin serrate, apex acuminate, lateral veins 9--14 pairs. Inflorescences terminal, seemingly racemose or thyrsoid cymes, 4--30 X 2--5 cm; lower bracts leaflike, others small and linear. Calyx campanulate, 2--3.5 mm, outside stellate pubescent to glabrous; lobes narrowly triangular, 0.5--2 mm. Corolla violet to dark purple, sometimes white, with an orange-yellow throat, 0.8--1.4 cm, outside glabrous or stellate pubescent and/or with glandular hairs; tube narrowly cylindrical or subcylindrical, 6--11.5 X 1--1.5 mm, inside pilose except at base; lobes suborbicular, 1.5--3 X 1.5--3 mm, outside glabrous. Stamens inserted at middle to near base of corolla tube; anthers oblong, 0.8--1.2 mm. Ovary ovoid, 1.2--2 X 0.8--1.1 mm, glabrous to minutely pubescent, sometimes with glandular hairs. Style 0.5--1.5 mm; stigma clavate. Capsules brown, narrowly ellipsoid to narrowly ovoid, 5--9 X 1.5--2 mm, glabrous or sparsely stellate pubescent. Seeds ellipsoid, 2--4 X ca. 0.5 mm, long winged at both ends. Fl. May-Oct.
Thickets on mountain slopes, side of draws in mountains; 800--3000 m. Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan (most probably introduced)].
Medicinal; ornamental.
Buddleja davidii Franchet X B. fallowiana I. B. Balfour & W. W. Smith has been reported from Yunnan (Leeuwenberg, Meded. Landbouwhogeschool 79(6): 149. 1979). This hybrid has the following characteristics: Shrubs. Branchlets terete, densely stellate tomentose. Leaves subsessile to petiole 6 mm; leaf blade ovate to narrowly elliptic, 4--13 X 1--6.5 cm, both surfaces densely stellate tomentose to adaxially glabrescent, base cuneate to decurrent, margin crenate-serrate, apex acuminate, acute, or obtuse, venation inconspicuous. Inflorescences terminal, thyrsoid, 5--15 X 2--3 cm. Calyx campanulate, 3.5--5 mm, inside densely stellate tomentose. Corolla violet to lilac, with an orange-yellow throat, outside densely stellate tomentose and with glandular hairs, tube ca. 9 mm; lobes orbicular, 1--3 X 1--3 mm. Stamens inserted above middle of corolla tube; anthers oblong. Ovary oblong, stellate tomentose. Fl. May-Oct.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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