芭蕉 Musa basjoo

中文名(Chinese Name):芭蕉
学名(Scientific Name):Musa basjoo Siebold
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):大叶芭蕉、板蕉
异名(Synonym):Musa japonica Thibaud & Keteleer
科属(Family & Genus):芭蕉科(Musaceae)芭蕉属
形态特征(Description):植株高2.5-4米。叶片长圆形,长2-3米,宽25-30厘米,先端钝,基部圆形或不对称,叶面鲜绿色,有光泽;叶柄粗壮,长达30 厘米。花序顶生,下垂;苞片红褐色或紫色;雄花生于花序上部,雌花生于花序下部;雌花在每一苞片内约10-16朵,排成2列;合生花被片长4-4.5厘米,具5(3+2)齿裂,离生花被片几与合生花被片等长,顶端具小尖头。浆果三棱状,长圆形,长5-7厘米,具3-5棱,近无柄,肉质,内具多数种子。种子黑色,具疣突及不规则棱角,宽6-8毫米。
分布(Distribution):原产日本琉球群岛,秦岭淮河以南可以露地栽培,多栽培于庭园及农舍附近。
用途(Use):叶纤维为芭蕉布(称蕉葛)的原料,亦为造纸原料,假茎煎服功能解热,假茎、叶利尿(治水肿,肛胀),花干燥后煎服治脑溢血,根与生姜、甘草一起煎服,可治淋症及消渴症,根治感冒、胃痛及腹痛。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 24 Page 317
Musa basjoo Siebold & Zuccarini, Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten. 12: 18. 1831.
芭蕉 ba jiao| Musaceae  | Musa
Pseudostems 2.5--4 m. Petiole to 30 cm, robust; leaf blade adaxially bright green, oblong, 2--3 m × ca. 30 cm, base rounded, asymmetric. Inflorescence pendulous. Bracts red-brown to purple. Male flowers 10--16 per bract, in 2 rows. Compound tepal 4--4.5 cm; free tepal equaling compound tepal, apex apiculate. Berries subsessile, trigonous oblong to sometimes 5-angled, 5--7 cm. Seeds numerous, black, irregularly angled, 6--8 mm wide, tuberculate. 2 n = 22.
Cultivated. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [native to Japan, Korea].
Medicinal and ornamental.
芭蕉 Musa basjoo

芭蕉 Musa basjoo(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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