中文名（Chinese Name）：西南风铃草
学名（Scientific Name）：Campanula pallida Wall.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：岩兰花，土桔梗，土沙参
异名（Synonym）：Campanula colorata Wall.  Campanula colorata var. anomala Hook.f. & Thomson  Campanula colorata var. moorcroftiana A.DC.  Campanula colorata var. ramulosa (Wall.) Hook.f. & Thomson  Campanula himalayensis Klotzsch  Campanula hoffmeisteri Klotzsch  Campanula moorcroftiana Wall.  Campanula nepetifolia H.Lév. & Vaniot  Campanula nervosa Royle  Campanula pallida var. tibetica (Hook.f. & Thomson) H.Hara  Campanula ramulosa Wall.  Campanula wightii Gamble
科属（Family & Genus）：桔梗科Campanulaceae风铃草属Campanula   
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，根胡萝卜状，有时仅比茎稍粗。茎单生，少2支，更少为数支丛生于一条茎基上，上升或直立，高可达60厘米，被开展的硬毛。茎下部的叶有带翅的柄，上部的无柄，椭圆形，菱状椭圆形或矩圆形，顶端急尖或钝，边缘有疏锯齿或近全缘，长1-4厘米，宽0.5-1.5厘米，上面被贴伏刚毛，下面仅叶脉有刚毛或密被硬毛。花下垂，顶生于主茎及分枝上，有时组成聚伞花序；花萼筒部倒圆锥状，被粗刚毛，裂片三角形至三角状钻形，长3-7毫米，宽1-5毫米，全缘或有细齿，背面仅脉上有刚毛或全面被刚毛；花冠紫色或蓝紫色或蓝色，管状钟形，长8-15毫米，分裂达1/3-1/2；花柱长不及花冠长的2/3，内藏于花冠筒内。蒴果倒圆锥状。种子矩圆状，稍扁。花期5-9月。
分布（Distribution）：产西藏、四川、云南、贵州。阿富汗至老挝也有。生于海拔1000-4000米的山坡草地和疏林下。
用途（Use）：根药用，治风湿等症。
FOC Vol. 19 Page 531, 533  
Campanula pallida Wallich, Asiat. Res. 13: 375. 1820.
西南风铃草 xi nan feng ling cao | Campanulaceae  | Campanula
Campanula colorata Wallich; C. colorata var. tibetica J. D. Hooker & Thomson; C. microcarpa C. Y. Wu; C. pallida var. tibetica (J. D. Hooker & Thomson) H. Hara.
Plants perennial. Roots carrot-shaped, sometimes slightly thicker than stems. Stems single, sometimes 2 or rarely several from a single caudex, ascending or erect, up to 60 cm tall, hirsute. Lower leaves winged-petiolate, upper leaves sessile; blade elliptic, rhombic-elliptic, or oblong, 1-4 × 0.3-1.5 cm, abaxially densely hirsute or hispid only along veins, adaxially appressed hispid, margin denticulate or almost entire, apex acuminate, acute, or obtuse. Flowers pendent, terminal, sometimes in cymes. Hypanthium obconic or campanulate, hispid; calyx lobes deltoid, narrowly triangular, or subulate, 2-8 mm, abaxially hispid (sometimes only along veins), margin entire or rarely serrulate. Corolla purple, blue-purple, or blue, tubular-campanulate, 4-15 mm; lobes ca. 1/2 as long to ± as long as tube. Style less than 2/3 as long as corolla, included. Capsule obconic, obovoid, or globose. Seeds golden brown, oblong or elliptic, compressed. Fl. May-Sep. 2n = 24, 28.
Grassy slopes, open woods; 1000-1400 m. W Guizhou, W Sichuan, S Xizang, Yunnan [Afghanistan, Bhutan, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand].
Both chasmogamous and cleistogamous flowers are found in this species. In the latter, development of the corolla is arrested at an early stage; as a result, the calyx lobes are deltoid (vs. narrowly triangular or subulate) and much shorter than in the former. The capsules produced by cleistogamous flowers are globose (vs. obconic or obovoid) and much smaller than those from chasmogamous flowers. Individual plants may bear both types of flowers or, less commonly, only cleistogamous flowers; the type of C. microcarpa is a specimen of the latter.
 





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