岩白菜Bergenia purpurascens

中文名(Chinese Name):岩白菜
学名(Scientific Name):Bergenia purpurascens (Hook. f. et Thoms.) Engl.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):滇岩白菜
异名(Synonym):Bergenia delavayi (Franch.) Engl.  Bergenia purpurascens f. delavayi (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz.  Bergenia purpurascens var. delavayi (Franch.) Engl. et Irmsch.  Bergenia purpurascens var. macrantha (Franch.) Diels  Saxifraga purpurascens Hook. f. et Thomson  Saxifraga purpurascens var. macrantha Franch.  Saxifraga delavayi Franch.
科属Family & Genus):虎耳草科(Saxifragaceae)岩白菜属
形态特征Description):多年生草本,高13-52厘米。根状茎粗壮,被鳞片。叶均基生;叶片革质,倒卵形、狭倒卵形至近椭圆形,稀阔倒卵形至近长圆形,长5.5-16厘米,宽3-9厘米,先端钝圆,边缘具波状齿至近全缘,基部楔形,两面具小腺窝,无毛;叶柄长2-7厘米,托叶鞘边缘无毛。花葶疏生腺毛。聚伞花序圆锥状,长3-23厘米;花梗长8-13毫米,与花序分枝均密被具长柄之腺毛;托杯外面被具长柄之腺毛;萼片革质,近狭卵形,长6.5-7毫米,宽2-4毫米,先端钝,腹面和边缘无毛,背面密被具长柄之腺毛;花瓣紫红色,阔卵形,长10-16.5毫米,宽7-7.8毫米,先端钝或微凹,基部变狭成长2-2.5毫米之爪,多脉;雄蕊长6-11毫米;子房卵球形,长6.7-7.5毫米,花柱2,长5.3-7.5毫米。染色体2n=34。花果期5-10月。
分布(Distribution):产四川、云南及西藏,生于海拔2700-4800米的林下、灌丛、高山草甸和高山碎石隙。缅甸北部、印度、不丹、尼泊尔也有。
用途(Use):全草含岩白菜素(bergenin)等香豆精类。根状茎入药;无毒;治虚弱头晕、劳伤咳嗽、吐血、咯血、淋浊、白带及肿毒等。外感发烧体虚者慎用。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 8 Page 278
Bergenia purpurascens (J. D. Hooker & Thomson) Engler, Bot. Zeitung (Berlin). 26: 841. 1868.
岩白菜 yan bai cai | Saxifragaceae  | Bergenia
Saxifraga purpurascens J. D. Hooker & Thomson, J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 61. 1858; Bergenia delavayi (Franchet) Engler; B. purpurascens f. delavayi (Franchet) Handel-Mazzetti; B. purpurascens var. delavayi (Franchet) Engler & Irmscher; B. purpurascens var. macrantha (Franchet) Diels; S. delavayi Franchet; S. purpurascens var. macrantha Franchet.
Herbs perennial, 13-50 cm tall. Rhizomes thick, scaly. Leaves all basal; petiole 2-7 cm, sheathing base glabrous at margin; leaf blade obovate or narrowly so to subelliptic, rarely broadly obovate to suboblong, 5.5-16 × 3-9 cm, leathery, both surfaces glabrous and glandular pitted, base cuneate, margin sinuate-dentate to entire, apex obtuse. Inflorescence cymose, 3-23 cm; branches and pedicels densely long glandular hairy. Hypanthium densely long glandular hairy. Sepals narrowly ovate, 6.5-7 × 2-4 mm, leathery, abaxially densely long glandular hairy, margin glabrous, apex obtuse. Petals purple, broadly ovate, 1-1.7 cm × 7-7.8 mm, veins many, base narrowed into a claw 2-2.5 mm, apex obtuse or retuse. Stamens 6-11 mm. Ovary ovoid, 6.7-7.5 mm; styles 2, 5.3-7.5 mm. Fl. May-Oct. 2n = 34.
Forests, scrub, alpine meadows, alpine rock crevices; 2700-4800 m. SW Sichuan, E and S Xizang, N Yunnan [N Bhutan, NE India, N Myanmar, Nepal, Sikkim].
This species is used medicinally and is a source of the drug bergenin.
 
岩白菜Bergenia purpurascens

岩白菜Bergenia purpurascens

岩白菜Bergenia purpurascens

岩白菜Bergenia purpurascens(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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