落新妇Astilbe chinensis

中文名(Chinese Name):落新妇
学名(Scientific Name):Astilbe chinensis (Maxim.) Franch. et Savat.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):小升麻
异名(Synonym):Astilbe davidii (Franch.) L. Henry  Astilbe chinensis var. davidii Franch.  Hoteia chinensis Maxim.
科属(Family & Genus):虎耳草科(Saxifragaceae)落新妇属
形态特征(Description):多年生草本,高50-100厘米。根状茎暗褐色,粗壮,须根多数。茎无毛。基生叶为二至三回三出羽状复叶;顶生小叶片菱状椭圆形,侧生小叶片卵形至椭圆形,长1.8-8厘米,宽1.1-4厘米,先端短渐尖至急尖,边缘有重锯齿,基部楔形、浅心形至圆形,腹面沿脉生硬毛,背面沿脉疏生硬毛和小腺毛;叶轴仅于叶腋部具褐色柔毛;茎生叶2-3,较小。圆锥花序长8-37厘米,宽3-4(-12)厘米;下部第一回分枝长4-11.5厘米,通常与花序轴成15-30度角斜上;花序轴密被褐色卷曲长柔毛;苞片卵形,几无花梗;花密集;萼片5,卵形,长1-1.5毫米,宽约0.7毫米,两面无毛,边缘中部以上生微腺毛;花瓣5,淡紫色至紫红色,线形,长4.5-5毫米,宽0.5-1毫米,单脉;雄蕊10,长2-2.5毫米;心皮2,仅基部合生,长约1.6毫米。蒴果长约3毫米;种子褐色,长约1.5毫米。染色体2n=14。花果期6-9月。
分布(Distribution):产东北、河北、山西、陕西、甘肃、青海、山东、浙江、江西、河南、湖北、湖南、四川、云南等省,生于海拔390-3600米的山谷、溪边、林下、林缘和草甸等处。俄罗斯、朝鲜和日本也有。
用途(Use):全草含氰酸,花含槲皮素(quercetin),根和根状茎含岩白菜素(bergenin),根状茎、茎、叶含鞣质。可提制栲胶。根状茎入药;辛、苦,温;散瘀止痛,祛风除湿,清热止咳。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 8 Page 275     
Astilbe chinensis (Maximowicz) Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1: 144. 1873.
落新妇 luo xin fu| Saxifragaceae  | Astilbe
Hoteia chinensis Maximowicz, Prim. Fl. Amur. 120. 1859; Astilbe chinensis var. davidii Franchet; A. davidii (Franchet) L. Henry.
Herbs 50-100 cm tall. Rhizomes dark brown, thick, with many fibrous roots. Stems glabrous. Basal leaves 2 or 3 × ternately compound; common petiole brown pilose near leaf axil; lateral and terminal leaflets rhombic-elliptic or ovate to elliptic, 1.8-8 × 1.1-4 cm, abaxially sparsely rigidly hairy and glandular hairy along veins, adaxially rigidly hairy along veins, base cuneate or subcordate to rounded, margin doubly serrate, apex acute to shortly acuminate. Cauline leaves 2 or 3, smaller than basal ones. Panicle 8-37 × 3-4(-12) cm, densely flowered; proximal branches 4-11.5 cm, densely brown long crisped hairy; bracts ovate. Sepals 5, ovate, 1-1.5 × ca. 0.7 mm, both surfaces glabrous, margin glandular puberulous distally. Petals 5, lilac to purple, linear, 4.5-5 × 0.5-1 mm, 1-veined. Stamens 10, 2-2.5 mm. Carpels 2, base connate. Capsule ca. 3 mm. Seeds brown, ca. 1.5 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Sep. 2n = 14.
Forests, forest margins, meadows, valleys, riversides; 400-3600 m. ?Anhui, SE Gansu, ?Guangdong, ?Guangxi, ?Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, ?Nei Mongol, SE Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia].
 落新妇Astilbe chinensis

落新妇Astilbe chinensis

落新妇Astilbe chinensis

落新妇Astilbe chinensis
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