石龙芮Ranunculus sceleratus

中文名(Chinese Name):石龙芮
学名(Scientific Name):Ranunculus sceleratus Linn.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Hecatonia palustris Lour.  Ranunculus holophyllus Hance  Ranunculus oryzetorum Bunge  Ranunculus sceleratus var. sinensis H. Lév. et Vaniot  Adonis palustris Raeusch.  Batrachium sceleratum (L.) Th.Fr. ex A.Pihl  Hecatonia scelerata Fourr.
科属Family & Genus):毛茛科(Ranunculaceae)毛茛属
形态特征Description):一年生草本。须根簇生。茎直立,高10-50厘米,直径2-5毫米,有时粗达1厘米,上部多分枝,具多数节,下部节上有时生根,无毛或疏生柔毛。基生叶多数;叶片肾状圆形,长1-4厘米,宽1.5-5厘米,基部心形,3深裂不达基部,裂片倒卵状楔形,不等地2-3裂,顶端钝圆,有粗圆齿,无毛;叶柄长3-15厘米,近无毛。茎生叶多数,下部叶与基生叶相似; 上部叶较小,3全裂,裂片披针形至线形,全缘,无毛,顶端钝圆,基部扩大成膜质宽鞘抱茎。聚伞花序有多数花;花小,直径4-8毫米;花梗长1-2厘米,无毛;萼片椭圆形,长2-3.5毫米,外面有短柔毛,花瓣5,倒卵形,等长或稍长于花萼,基部有短爪,蜜槽呈棱状袋穴;雄蕊10多枚,花药卵形,长约0.2毫米;花托在果期伸长增大呈圆柱形,长3-10毫米,径1-3毫米,生短柔毛。聚合果长圆形,长8-12毫米,为宽的2-3倍;瘦果极多数,近百枚,紧密排列,倒卵球形,稍扁,长1-1.2毫米,无毛,喙短至近无,长0.1-0.2毫米。花果期5月至8月。
分布(Distribution):全国各地均有分布,生于河沟边及平原湿地。在亚洲、欧洲、北美洲的亚热带至温带地区广布。
用途(Use):全草含原白头翁素,有毒,药用能消结核、截疟及治痈肿、疮毒、蛇毒和风寒湿痺。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 6 Page 421
Ranunculus sceleratus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 551. 1753.
石龙芮 shi long rui | Ranunculaceae  | Ranunculus
Hecatonia palustris Loureiro; Ranunculus holophyllus Hance; R. oryzetorum Bunge; R. sceleratus var. sinensis H. Léveillé.
Herbs annual. Roots fibrous, subequally thick. Stems 10--75 cm, glabrous or sparsely puberulent, branched above. Basal leaves 5--13; petiole 1.2--15 cm, subglabrous or sparsely pubescent; blade 3-partite, pentagonal, reniform, or broadly ovate, or broadly ovate, 1--4 × 1.5--5 cm, papery or herbaceous, glabrous or abaxially puberulent, base broadly cordate, central lobe cuneate or rhombic, 3-lobed, lobules 1- or 2-denticulate or entire; lateral lobes obliquely broadly obovate or obliquely cuneate, unequally 2-lobed or 2-cleft to middle. Lower stem leaves similar to basal ones; upper stem leaves short petiolate, cuneate at base, 3-sect, segments oblanceolate. Compound monochasi um terminal, corymbose; bracts leaflike. Flowers 0.4--0.8 cm in diam. Pedicel 0.5--1.5 cm, glabrous or sparsely puberulent. Reeptacle puberulent or glabrous. Sepals 5, ovate-elliptic, 2--3 mm, abaxially appressed puberulent or glabrous. Petals 5, obovate, 2.2--4.5 × 1.4--2.4 mm, nectary pit without a scale, apex rounded. Stamens 10--19; anthers ellipsoid. Aggregate fruit cylindric, 3--11 × 1.5--4 mm; carpels numerous. Achene slightly bilaterally compressed, obliquely obovoid, 1--1.1 × 0.8--1 mm, glabrous, sometimes transversely 2- or 3-rugose, somewhat turgid along sutures; stigmas persistent, ca. 0.1 mm. Fl. Jan--Jul.
By streams or lakes, paddy fields, wet grassy places; 50--2300 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Afghanistan, Bhutan, N India, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Nepal, N Pakistan, Russia (Siberia), Thailand; SW Asia, Europe, North America].
 石龙芮Ranunculus sceleratus

石龙芮Ranunculus sceleratus

石龙芮Ranunculus sceleratus
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