大叶金牛Polygala latouchei
中文名（Chinese Name）：大叶金牛
学名（Scientific Name）：Polygala latouchei Franch.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Polygala nimborum Dunn
科属（Family & Genus）：远志科 Polygalaceae 远志属
形态特征（Description）：矮小亚灌木，高10-20厘米；茎、枝圆柱形，被短柔毛，中下部具圆形突起的黄褐色叶痕。单叶密集于枝的上部，叶片纸质，卵状披针形至倒卵状或椭圆状披针形，长3.5-8厘米，宽1.5-2.2（-2.5）厘米，先端急尖，具骨质短尖头，基部近圆形，偏斜不等侧，叶面绿色，疏被或密被白色小刚毛，背面淡红色或暗紫色，无毛，主脉两面稍突起，侧脉4-5对，弧曲，沿边缘网结，细脉网状，不明显；叶柄长5-7毫米，具狭翅，被短柔毛。总状花序顶生或生于枝顶的数个叶腋内，长3-6厘米，被短柔毛，具密集的花；花小，长约7毫米，具长2-3毫米的花梗，基部具苞片1枚，早落；卵状披针形，长约5毫米，被刚毛及缘毛；萼片5，花后脱落，外面3枚卵形，长约1.5毫米，宽约1毫米，先端钝，无毛，内萼片花瓣状，椭圆形，长约5毫米，宽约2毫米，先端钝，具3脉，无毛；花瓣3，膜质，粉红色至紫红色，侧生花瓣长椭圆形，长约8毫米，3/4以下与龙骨瓣合生，先端圆形，龙骨瓣较侧瓣短，具2枚顶端3裂的鸡冠状附属物；雄蕊8，花丝长约5毫米，4/5以下合生成鞘，花药卵形；子房倒卵形，具狭翅，径约1毫米，无毛，基部具花盘，花柱长约4毫米，顶端略加粗，微裂。蒴果近圆形，直径约4毫米，具翅，顶端具缺刻及短尖头；种子卵形，黑色，长约2毫米，径约1.2毫米，具乳突，疏被白色柔毛，种阜翅状，黄褐色，与种子等长或稍长。花期3-4月，果期4-5月。
分布（Distribution）：产江西、福建、广东及广西等省区；生于林下岩石上或山坡草地，海拔（100-）700-1 300米。模式标本采自广东（Kuatun）。
用途（Use）：民间用本种全草抬疗咳嗽，小儿疳积，跌打损伤等症。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 11 Page 144, 148
Polygala latouchei Franchet, Bull. Soc. Bot. France. 46: 206. 1899.
大叶金牛 da ye jin niu| Polygalaceae | Polygala
Polygala nimborum Dunn.
Subshrubs 10-20 cm tall. Stems and branchlets terete, pubescent, with rounded, raised, yellow-brown leaf scars below middle. Leaves crowded on upper part of branches; petiole 5-7 mm, pubescent, narrowly winged; leaf blade abaxially reddish or dark purple, adaxially green, ovate-lanceolate to obovate or elliptic-lanceolate, 3.5-8 × 1.5-2.2(-2.5) cm, papery, abaxially glabrous, adaxially sparsely to densely white setose, midvein slightly raised on both surfaces, lateral veins 4 or 5 pairs, curved, anastomosing along margin, veinlets reticulate, indistinct, base rounded, oblique, both sides differing in size, apex acute, mucronate. Racemes terminal or axillary at several leaves at apices of branches, 3-6 cm, pubescent, densely flowered. Pedicel 2-3 mm; basal bract 1, caducous, ovate-lanceolate, ca. 5 mm, setose, ciliate. Sepals 5, caducous, glabrous; outer sepals 3, ovate, ca. 1.5 × 1 mm, apex obtuse; inner sepals 2, petaloid, elliptic, ca. 5 × 2 mm, 3-veined, apex obtuse. Petals 3, connate in lower 3/4, pink to purple-red, membranous; lateral petals narrowly elliptic, ca. 8 mm, apex rounded; keel shorter than lateral petals, 2-lamellate, apex with 3-lobed appendages. Stamens 8; filaments ca. 5 mm, lower 4/5 united, forming an open staminal sheath; anthers ovoid. Ovary obovoid, narrowly winged, ca. 1 mm in diam., glabrous; style ca. 4 mm, apex slightly thickened, slightly lobed. Capsule suborbicular, ca. 4 mm in diam., winged, apex incised and mucronate. Seeds black, ovoid, ca. 2 mm, ca. 1.2 mm in diam., tuberculate, white pilose; strophiole wing-shaped, yellow-brown, equaling or longer than seeds. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Apr-May.
● Forests, rocky areas, grasslands, mountain slopes; (100-)700-1300 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Polygala latouchei Franch.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Polygala nimborum Dunn
科属（Family & Genus）：远志科 Polygalaceae 远志属
形态特征（Description）：矮小亚灌木，高10-20厘米；茎、枝圆柱形，被短柔毛，中下部具圆形突起的黄褐色叶痕。单叶密集于枝的上部，叶片纸质，卵状披针形至倒卵状或椭圆状披针形，长3.5-8厘米，宽1.5-2.2（-2.5）厘米，先端急尖，具骨质短尖头，基部近圆形，偏斜不等侧，叶面绿色，疏被或密被白色小刚毛，背面淡红色或暗紫色，无毛，主脉两面稍突起，侧脉4-5对，弧曲，沿边缘网结，细脉网状，不明显；叶柄长5-7毫米，具狭翅，被短柔毛。总状花序顶生或生于枝顶的数个叶腋内，长3-6厘米，被短柔毛，具密集的花；花小，长约7毫米，具长2-3毫米的花梗，基部具苞片1枚，早落；卵状披针形，长约5毫米，被刚毛及缘毛；萼片5，花后脱落，外面3枚卵形，长约1.5毫米，宽约1毫米，先端钝，无毛，内萼片花瓣状，椭圆形，长约5毫米，宽约2毫米，先端钝，具3脉，无毛；花瓣3，膜质，粉红色至紫红色，侧生花瓣长椭圆形，长约8毫米，3/4以下与龙骨瓣合生，先端圆形，龙骨瓣较侧瓣短，具2枚顶端3裂的鸡冠状附属物；雄蕊8，花丝长约5毫米，4/5以下合生成鞘，花药卵形；子房倒卵形，具狭翅，径约1毫米，无毛，基部具花盘，花柱长约4毫米，顶端略加粗，微裂。蒴果近圆形，直径约4毫米，具翅，顶端具缺刻及短尖头；种子卵形，黑色，长约2毫米，径约1.2毫米，具乳突，疏被白色柔毛，种阜翅状，黄褐色，与种子等长或稍长。花期3-4月，果期4-5月。
分布（Distribution）：产江西、福建、广东及广西等省区；生于林下岩石上或山坡草地，海拔（100-）700-1 300米。模式标本采自广东（Kuatun）。
用途（Use）：民间用本种全草抬疗咳嗽，小儿疳积，跌打损伤等症。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 11 Page 144, 148
Polygala latouchei Franchet, Bull. Soc. Bot. France. 46: 206. 1899.
大叶金牛 da ye jin niu| Polygalaceae | Polygala
Polygala nimborum Dunn.
Subshrubs 10-20 cm tall. Stems and branchlets terete, pubescent, with rounded, raised, yellow-brown leaf scars below middle. Leaves crowded on upper part of branches; petiole 5-7 mm, pubescent, narrowly winged; leaf blade abaxially reddish or dark purple, adaxially green, ovate-lanceolate to obovate or elliptic-lanceolate, 3.5-8 × 1.5-2.2(-2.5) cm, papery, abaxially glabrous, adaxially sparsely to densely white setose, midvein slightly raised on both surfaces, lateral veins 4 or 5 pairs, curved, anastomosing along margin, veinlets reticulate, indistinct, base rounded, oblique, both sides differing in size, apex acute, mucronate. Racemes terminal or axillary at several leaves at apices of branches, 3-6 cm, pubescent, densely flowered. Pedicel 2-3 mm; basal bract 1, caducous, ovate-lanceolate, ca. 5 mm, setose, ciliate. Sepals 5, caducous, glabrous; outer sepals 3, ovate, ca. 1.5 × 1 mm, apex obtuse; inner sepals 2, petaloid, elliptic, ca. 5 × 2 mm, 3-veined, apex obtuse. Petals 3, connate in lower 3/4, pink to purple-red, membranous; lateral petals narrowly elliptic, ca. 8 mm, apex rounded; keel shorter than lateral petals, 2-lamellate, apex with 3-lobed appendages. Stamens 8; filaments ca. 5 mm, lower 4/5 united, forming an open staminal sheath; anthers ovoid. Ovary obovoid, narrowly winged, ca. 1 mm in diam., glabrous; style ca. 4 mm, apex slightly thickened, slightly lobed. Capsule suborbicular, ca. 4 mm in diam., winged, apex incised and mucronate. Seeds black, ovoid, ca. 2 mm, ca. 1.2 mm in diam., tuberculate, white pilose; strophiole wing-shaped, yellow-brown, equaling or longer than seeds. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Apr-May.
● Forests, rocky areas, grasslands, mountain slopes; (100-)700-1300 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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