地锦苗Corydalis sheareri
中文名（Chinese Name）：地锦苗
学名（Scientific Name）：Corydalis sheareri S. Moore
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：尖距紫茧
异名（Synonym）：Corydalis echinocarpa Franch. Corydalis suaveolens Hance Corydalis chelidoniifolia H. Lév. et Vaniot Corydalis sheareri var. changyangensii Fedde Capnoides sheareri Kuntze
科属（Family & Genus）：罂粟科（Papaveraceae）紫堇属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，高(10-) 20-40(-60)厘米。主根明显，具多数纤维根，棕褐色；根茎粗壮，干时黑褐色，被以残枯的叶柄基。茎1-2，绿色．有时带红色，多汁液，上部具分枝，下部裸露。基生叶数枚，长12-30厘米，具带紫色的长柄，叶片轮廓三角形或卵状三角形，长3-13厘米，二回羽状全裂，第一回全裂片具柄，第二回无柄，卵形，中部以上具圆齿状深齿，下部宽楔形, 表面绿色，背面灰绿色，叶脉在表面明显，背面稍凸起；茎生叶数枚，互生于茎上部，与基生叶同形，但较小和具较短柄。总状花序生于茎及分枝先端，长4-10厘米，有10-20花，通常排列稀疏；苞片下部者近圆形，3-5深裂，中部者倒卵形，3浅裂，上部者狭倒卵形至倒披针形，全缘；花梗通常短于苞片。萼片鳞片状，近圆形，具缺刻状流苏；花瓣紫红色，平伸，上花瓣长2-2.5（-3）厘米，花瓣片舟状卵形，边缘有时反卷，背部具短鸡冠状突起，鸡冠超出瓣片先端，边缘具不规则的齿裂，距圆锥形，末端极尖，长为花瓣片的一倍半，下花瓣长1.2-1.8厘米，匙形，花瓣片近圆形，边缘有时反卷，先端具小尖突，背部鸡冠状突起月牙形，超出花瓣，边缘具不规则的齿裂，爪条形，长约为花瓣片的2倍，内花瓣提琴形，长1.1-1.6厘米，花瓣片倒卵形，具1侧生囊，爪狭楔形，长于花瓣片；雄蕊束长1-1.4厘米，花药小，绿色，花丝披针形，蜜腺体贯穿距的2/5；子房狭椭圆形，长5-7毫米，具2列胚珠，花柱稍短于子房，柱头双卵形，绿色，具8-10乳突。蒴果狭圆柱形，长2-3厘米，粗1.5-2毫米。种子近圆形，直径约1毫米，黑色，具光泽，表面具多数乳突。花果期3-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产江苏、安徽、浙江、江酉、福建、湖北、湖南、广东、香港、广西、陕西、四川、贵州、云南，生于海拔170-2600米的水边或林下潮湿地。
用途（Use）：全草入药，治瘀血，根最好。四川灌县用来泡酒治跌打。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 7 Page 358, 359
Corydalis sheareri S. Moore, J. Bot. 13: 225. 1875.
地锦苗 di jin miao| Papaveraceae | Corydalis
Corydalis chelidoniifolia H. Léveillé & Vaniot; C. echinocarpa Franchet; C. sheareri var. changyangensis Fedde; C. suaveolens Hance.
Herbs, perennial, (10-)20-40(-60) cm tall, glabrous or papillose-hairy on inflorescence, sometimes also on capsules. Rhizome with short firm swollen body, crowned by leaf rosette with thick, fleshy, petiolar bases, sending out simple or branched underground stolons 3-15 cm × 2-3 mm, apically and in axils of scales swelling into tubers, similar to those of Helianthus tuberosus (tubers rarely collected in herbarium specimens). Stems 1-4, erect to ascending, green or reddish, sparsely branched above, with 2-4 leaves. Radical leaves several; petiole 5-10 cm; blade glaucous abaxially, green adaxially (or glaucous at center of leaflets), triangular-ovate, 5-13 × 3-10 cm, bi-(tri-)pinnate; pinnae shortly petiolulate, ovate; pinnules sessile, ovate, entire or deeply divided, crenate-dentate, base broadly cuneate. Cauline leaves like radical leaves; petiolar base with small whitish membranous auricles, sometimes with large dark pointed bulbils (Corydalis sheareri f. bulbillifera Handel-Mazzetti) in axils. Racemes 4-10 cm, (5-)10-15(-20)-flowered, at first dense, soon elongating, subsecund; lower bracts rounded, deeply 3-5-divided; middle bracts obovate, slightly 3-divided; upper bracts narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, entire. Pedicels usually longer than bracts, 4-7 mm, to 12 mm and slightly arcuate in fruit. Sepals nearly orbicular, ca. 1 mm, deeply dentate. Corolla pale amaranth to pale blue, apex of inner petals dark purple; limb of outer petals rhombic, subacute, with short, entire to finely erose-dentate crest; upper petal 22-28 mm, spur straight or gracefully recurved at apex, conical, 12-18 mm, apex thin; nectary extended through ca. 2/5 of spur; lower petal with long narrow claw and short rhombic limb; inner petals 11-15 mm, claw longer than limb. Stigma with 8-10 marginal papillae; geminate papillae lateral and on basal lobes. Capsule linear, 15-30 × 1.5-2 mm, 10-25-seeded; style ca. 3 mm. Seeds in 1 or almost 2 rows, 1-1.3 mm, with scattered tubercles all over; elaiosome large, flat. Fl. and fr. Mar-Jun.
Riversides, wetlands, forest understories, channel sides, roadsides; 200-2700 m. S Anhui, S Fujian, Guangdong, NE Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, NE and SE Yunnan, Zhejiang [Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Corydalis sheareri S. Moore
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：尖距紫茧
异名（Synonym）：Corydalis echinocarpa Franch. Corydalis suaveolens Hance Corydalis chelidoniifolia H. Lév. et Vaniot Corydalis sheareri var. changyangensii Fedde Capnoides sheareri Kuntze
科属（Family & Genus）：罂粟科（Papaveraceae）紫堇属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，高(10-) 20-40(-60)厘米。主根明显，具多数纤维根，棕褐色；根茎粗壮，干时黑褐色，被以残枯的叶柄基。茎1-2，绿色．有时带红色，多汁液，上部具分枝，下部裸露。基生叶数枚，长12-30厘米，具带紫色的长柄，叶片轮廓三角形或卵状三角形，长3-13厘米，二回羽状全裂，第一回全裂片具柄，第二回无柄，卵形，中部以上具圆齿状深齿，下部宽楔形, 表面绿色，背面灰绿色，叶脉在表面明显，背面稍凸起；茎生叶数枚，互生于茎上部，与基生叶同形，但较小和具较短柄。总状花序生于茎及分枝先端，长4-10厘米，有10-20花，通常排列稀疏；苞片下部者近圆形，3-5深裂，中部者倒卵形，3浅裂，上部者狭倒卵形至倒披针形，全缘；花梗通常短于苞片。萼片鳞片状，近圆形，具缺刻状流苏；花瓣紫红色，平伸，上花瓣长2-2.5（-3）厘米，花瓣片舟状卵形，边缘有时反卷，背部具短鸡冠状突起，鸡冠超出瓣片先端，边缘具不规则的齿裂，距圆锥形，末端极尖，长为花瓣片的一倍半，下花瓣长1.2-1.8厘米，匙形，花瓣片近圆形，边缘有时反卷，先端具小尖突，背部鸡冠状突起月牙形，超出花瓣，边缘具不规则的齿裂，爪条形，长约为花瓣片的2倍，内花瓣提琴形，长1.1-1.6厘米，花瓣片倒卵形，具1侧生囊，爪狭楔形，长于花瓣片；雄蕊束长1-1.4厘米，花药小，绿色，花丝披针形，蜜腺体贯穿距的2/5；子房狭椭圆形，长5-7毫米，具2列胚珠，花柱稍短于子房，柱头双卵形，绿色，具8-10乳突。蒴果狭圆柱形，长2-3厘米，粗1.5-2毫米。种子近圆形，直径约1毫米，黑色，具光泽，表面具多数乳突。花果期3-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产江苏、安徽、浙江、江酉、福建、湖北、湖南、广东、香港、广西、陕西、四川、贵州、云南，生于海拔170-2600米的水边或林下潮湿地。
用途（Use）：全草入药，治瘀血，根最好。四川灌县用来泡酒治跌打。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 7 Page 358, 359
Corydalis sheareri S. Moore, J. Bot. 13: 225. 1875.
地锦苗 di jin miao| Papaveraceae | Corydalis
Corydalis chelidoniifolia H. Léveillé & Vaniot; C. echinocarpa Franchet; C. sheareri var. changyangensis Fedde; C. suaveolens Hance.
Herbs, perennial, (10-)20-40(-60) cm tall, glabrous or papillose-hairy on inflorescence, sometimes also on capsules. Rhizome with short firm swollen body, crowned by leaf rosette with thick, fleshy, petiolar bases, sending out simple or branched underground stolons 3-15 cm × 2-3 mm, apically and in axils of scales swelling into tubers, similar to those of Helianthus tuberosus (tubers rarely collected in herbarium specimens). Stems 1-4, erect to ascending, green or reddish, sparsely branched above, with 2-4 leaves. Radical leaves several; petiole 5-10 cm; blade glaucous abaxially, green adaxially (or glaucous at center of leaflets), triangular-ovate, 5-13 × 3-10 cm, bi-(tri-)pinnate; pinnae shortly petiolulate, ovate; pinnules sessile, ovate, entire or deeply divided, crenate-dentate, base broadly cuneate. Cauline leaves like radical leaves; petiolar base with small whitish membranous auricles, sometimes with large dark pointed bulbils (Corydalis sheareri f. bulbillifera Handel-Mazzetti) in axils. Racemes 4-10 cm, (5-)10-15(-20)-flowered, at first dense, soon elongating, subsecund; lower bracts rounded, deeply 3-5-divided; middle bracts obovate, slightly 3-divided; upper bracts narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, entire. Pedicels usually longer than bracts, 4-7 mm, to 12 mm and slightly arcuate in fruit. Sepals nearly orbicular, ca. 1 mm, deeply dentate. Corolla pale amaranth to pale blue, apex of inner petals dark purple; limb of outer petals rhombic, subacute, with short, entire to finely erose-dentate crest; upper petal 22-28 mm, spur straight or gracefully recurved at apex, conical, 12-18 mm, apex thin; nectary extended through ca. 2/5 of spur; lower petal with long narrow claw and short rhombic limb; inner petals 11-15 mm, claw longer than limb. Stigma with 8-10 marginal papillae; geminate papillae lateral and on basal lobes. Capsule linear, 15-30 × 1.5-2 mm, 10-25-seeded; style ca. 3 mm. Seeds in 1 or almost 2 rows, 1-1.3 mm, with scattered tubercles all over; elaiosome large, flat. Fl. and fr. Mar-Jun.
Riversides, wetlands, forest understories, channel sides, roadsides; 200-2700 m. S Anhui, S Fujian, Guangdong, NE Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, NE and SE Yunnan, Zhejiang [Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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