川贝母Fritillaria cirrhosa

中文名(Chinese Name):川贝母
学名(Scientific Name):Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym)::Fritillaria cirrhosa var. bonatii (H. Lév.) S. C. Chen  Fritillaria zhufenensis Y. K. Yang et J. Z. Zhang  Fritillaria duilongdeqingensis Y. K. Yang et Gesan  Fritillaria lhiinzeensis Y. K. Yang, Y. Q. Ye et al.  Fritillaria cirrhosa var. viridiflava S. C. Chen  Fritillaria cirrhosa var. dingriensis Y. K. Yang et J. Z. Zhang  Lilium bonatii H. Lév.  Melorima cirrhosa (D.Don) Raf.  Baimo cirrhosa (D.Don) Raf.  Fritillaria gulielmi-waldemarii Klotzsch  Fritillaria roylei Hook.  Fritillaria cirrhosa var. brachyantha C.Marquand & Airy Shaw  Fritillaria cirrhosa subsp. roylei (Hook.) Ali  Fritillaria polyphylla Fortune
科属Family & Genus):百合科(Liliaceae)贝母属
形态特征Description):植株长15-50厘米。鳞茎由2枚鳞片组成,直径1-1.5厘米。叶通常对生,少数在中部兼有散生或3-4枚轮生的,条形至条状披针形,长4-12厘米,宽3-5(-10)毫米,先端稍卷曲或不卷曲。花通常单朵,极少2-3朵,紫色至黄绿色,通常有小方格,少数仅具斑点或条纹;每花有3枚叶状苞片,苞片狭长,宽2-4毫米;花被片长3-4厘米,外三片宽1-1.4厘米,内三片宽可达1.8厘米,蜜腺窝在背面明显凸出;雄蕊长约为花被片的3/5,花药近基着,花丝稍具或不具小乳突柱头裂片长3-5毫米。蒴果长宽各约1.6厘米,棱上只有宽1-1.5毫米的狭翅。花期5-7月,果期8-10月。
分布(Distribution):主要产西藏、甘肃、青海、宁夏、陕西、云南、山西和四川,生于海拔180000-4200米林中、灌丛下、草地或河滩、山谷等湿地或岩缝中。尼泊尔也有。
用途(Use):本种是药材“川贝”的主要来源之一。
引自植物志英文版: FOC Vol. 24 Page 128
Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 51. 1825.
川贝母 chuan bei mu | Liliaceae  | Fritillaria
Fritillaria cirrhosa var. bonatii (H. Léveillé) S. C. Chen; F. cirrhosa var. dingriensis Y. K. Yang & J. Z. Zhang; F. cirrhosa var. viridiflava S. C. Chen; F. duilongdeqingensis Y. K. Yang & Gesan; F. lhiinzeensis Y. K. Yang et al.; F. zhufenensis Y. K. Yang & J. Z. Zhang; Lilium bonatii H. Léveillé.
Bulb of 2 scales, 1--2 cm in diam. Stem 15--60 cm. Leaves 7--11, opposite or sometimes also 3- or 4-whorled and alternate; leaf blade linear to linear-lanceolate, 4--12 cm × 3--5(--15) mm, apex often curved or cirrose. Inflorescence 1(--3)-flowered; bracts 3, apex curved or cirrose. Flower nodding, campanulate or narrowly so; pedicel much shorter than tepals. Tepals yellow or yellowish green, slightly or heavily spotted or tessellated with purple, usually oblong-elliptic, 3--5 × 1.2--1.8 cm; nectaries elliptic to ovate, 3--5 × 2--3 mm, projecting abaxially. Stamens 2--3 cm; filaments sometimes slightly papillose. Style 3-lobed; lobes 3--5 mm. Capsule narrowly winged; wings 1--1.5 mm wide. Fl. May--Jul, fr. Aug--Oct. 2 n = 24*.
Forests, alpine thickets, meadows, flood lands, moist places; 3200--4600 m. Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Nepal, Sikkim].
The bulbs are used medicinally.
川贝母Fritillaria cirrhosa

川贝母Fritillaria cirrhosa(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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