山菅兰Dianella ensifolia
中文名（Chinese Name）：山菅兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Dianella ensifolia (Linn.) DC.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：山菅、山交剪
异名（Synonym）：Dianella ensifolia f. albiflora Tang S. Liu et S. S. Ying Dianella nemorosa Lam. Dianella ensifolia f. racemulifera (Schlittler) Tang S. Liu et S. S. Ying Dianella nemorosa f. racemulifera Schlittler Charlwoodia ensata (Thunb.) Göpp. Walleria paniculata Fritsch Conanthera forsteri Spreng. Cordyline ensifolia (L.) Planch. Dianella albiflora Hallier f. Dianella carinata Hallier f. Dianella ensata (Thunb.) R.J.F.Hend. Dianella flabellata Hallier f. Dianella forsteri (Spreng.) Endl. Dianella humilis Lodd. ex Steud. Dianella ledermannii K.Krause Dianella mauritiana Blume Dianella montana Blume Dianella monticola K.Krause Dianella obscura Kunth Dianella pullei K.Krause Dianella robusta Elmer Dianella sparsiflora Schlittler, nom. illeg. Dianella straminea Yatabe Dracaena ensata Thunb. Dracaena nemorosa (Lam.) Steud. Eustrephus javanicus D.Dietr. Dianella nemorosa f. caeruloides Schlittler Dianella nemorosa f. ensifolia (L.) Schlittler, nom. illeg. Dianella ensifolia f. straminea (Yatabe) Kitam. Dianella odorata f. racemulifera Schlitter Dianella nemorosa f. gracilis Schlitter Dianella nemorosa f. pallescens Schlitter Dianella nemorosa f. aspera Schlitter Dianella nemorosa f. robusta (Elmer) Schlitter Dianella sparsiflora var. flabellata (Hallier f.) Schlitter Dianella sparsiflora var. carinata (Hallier f.) Schlitter Dianella sparsiflora var. parviflora (Zipp. ex Hallier f.) Schlitter Dianella sparsiflora var. albiflora (Hallier f.) Schlitter Dianella sparsiflora var. ledermannii (K.Krause) Schlitter Dianella sparsiflora var. monticola (K.Krause) Schlitter Dianella sparsiflora var. pullei (K.Krause) Schlitter
科属（Family & Genus）：百合科（Liliaceae）山菅属
形态特征（Description）：植株高可达1-2米；根状茎圆柱状，横走，粗5-8毫米。叶狭条状披针形，长30-80厘米，宽1-2.5厘米，基部稍收狭成鞘状，套迭或抱茎，边缘和背面中脉具锯齿。顶端圆锥花序长10-40厘米，分枝疏散；花常多朵生于侧枝上端；花梗长7-20毫米，常稍弯曲，苞片小；花被片条状披针形，长6-7毫米，绿白色、淡黄色至青紫色，5脉；花药条形，比花丝略长或近等长，花丝上部膨大。浆果近球形，深蓝色，直径约6毫米，具5-6颗种子。花果期3-8月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南、四川、贵州、广西、广东、江西、浙江、福建和台湾。生于海拔 1700米以下的林下、山坡或草丛中。亚洲热带地区至非洲的马达加斯加岛也有。
用途（Use）：有毒植物。根状茎磨干粉，调醋外敷，可治痈疮脓肿、癣、淋巴结炎等。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 24 Page 161
Dianella ensifolia (Linnaeus) Redouté, Liliac. 1: t. 1. 1802.
山菅 shan jian | Liliaceae | Dianella
Dracaena ensifolia Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 2: 246; Mant. Pl. 1: 63. 1767; Dianella ensifolia f. albiflora Tang S. Liu & S. S. Ying; D. ensifolia f. racemulifera (Schlitter) Tang S. Liu & S. S. Ying; D. nemorosa Lamarck; D. nemorosa f. racemulifera Schlitter.
Rhizome creeping, 5--8 mm thick. Leaves sword-shaped, gradually narrowed at both ends, 30--80 × 1--2.5 cm, leathery, midvein abaxially and margin usually scabrous, apex obtuse. Scape 1--2 m, with several bractlike stem leaves 3--8 cm. Pan-icle laxly branched, 10--40 cm, usually with flowers borne distally. Pedicel 0.7--2 cm, usually arcuate. Tepals spreading, white, greenish white, yellowish, or bluish purple, linear-lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 6--7 × 3--3.5 mm. Stamens shorter than tepals; filaments geniculate near middle, dilated distally. Style ca. 6 mm. Berries deep blue, subglobose, ca. 6 mm in diam., 5- or 6-seeded. Fl. and fr. Mar--Aug. 2 n = 32*.
Forests, grassy slopes; near sea level to 1700 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, S Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa (Madagascar), E Australia, Pacific Islands].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Dianella ensifolia (Linn.) DC.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：山菅、山交剪
异名（Synonym）：Dianella ensifolia f. albiflora Tang S. Liu et S. S. Ying Dianella nemorosa Lam. Dianella ensifolia f. racemulifera (Schlittler) Tang S. Liu et S. S. Ying Dianella nemorosa f. racemulifera Schlittler Charlwoodia ensata (Thunb.) Göpp. Walleria paniculata Fritsch Conanthera forsteri Spreng. Cordyline ensifolia (L.) Planch. Dianella albiflora Hallier f. Dianella carinata Hallier f. Dianella ensata (Thunb.) R.J.F.Hend. Dianella flabellata Hallier f. Dianella forsteri (Spreng.) Endl. Dianella humilis Lodd. ex Steud. Dianella ledermannii K.Krause Dianella mauritiana Blume Dianella montana Blume Dianella monticola K.Krause Dianella obscura Kunth Dianella pullei K.Krause Dianella robusta Elmer Dianella sparsiflora Schlittler, nom. illeg. Dianella straminea Yatabe Dracaena ensata Thunb. Dracaena nemorosa (Lam.) Steud. Eustrephus javanicus D.Dietr. Dianella nemorosa f. caeruloides Schlittler Dianella nemorosa f. ensifolia (L.) Schlittler, nom. illeg. Dianella ensifolia f. straminea (Yatabe) Kitam. Dianella odorata f. racemulifera Schlitter Dianella nemorosa f. gracilis Schlitter Dianella nemorosa f. pallescens Schlitter Dianella nemorosa f. aspera Schlitter Dianella nemorosa f. robusta (Elmer) Schlitter Dianella sparsiflora var. flabellata (Hallier f.) Schlitter Dianella sparsiflora var. carinata (Hallier f.) Schlitter Dianella sparsiflora var. parviflora (Zipp. ex Hallier f.) Schlitter Dianella sparsiflora var. albiflora (Hallier f.) Schlitter Dianella sparsiflora var. ledermannii (K.Krause) Schlitter Dianella sparsiflora var. monticola (K.Krause) Schlitter Dianella sparsiflora var. pullei (K.Krause) Schlitter
科属（Family & Genus）：百合科（Liliaceae）山菅属
形态特征（Description）：植株高可达1-2米；根状茎圆柱状，横走，粗5-8毫米。叶狭条状披针形，长30-80厘米，宽1-2.5厘米，基部稍收狭成鞘状，套迭或抱茎，边缘和背面中脉具锯齿。顶端圆锥花序长10-40厘米，分枝疏散；花常多朵生于侧枝上端；花梗长7-20毫米，常稍弯曲，苞片小；花被片条状披针形，长6-7毫米，绿白色、淡黄色至青紫色，5脉；花药条形，比花丝略长或近等长，花丝上部膨大。浆果近球形，深蓝色，直径约6毫米，具5-6颗种子。花果期3-8月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南、四川、贵州、广西、广东、江西、浙江、福建和台湾。生于海拔 1700米以下的林下、山坡或草丛中。亚洲热带地区至非洲的马达加斯加岛也有。
用途（Use）：有毒植物。根状茎磨干粉，调醋外敷，可治痈疮脓肿、癣、淋巴结炎等。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 24 Page 161
Dianella ensifolia (Linnaeus) Redouté, Liliac. 1: t. 1. 1802.
山菅 shan jian | Liliaceae | Dianella
Dracaena ensifolia Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 2: 246; Mant. Pl. 1: 63. 1767; Dianella ensifolia f. albiflora Tang S. Liu & S. S. Ying; D. ensifolia f. racemulifera (Schlitter) Tang S. Liu & S. S. Ying; D. nemorosa Lamarck; D. nemorosa f. racemulifera Schlitter.
Rhizome creeping, 5--8 mm thick. Leaves sword-shaped, gradually narrowed at both ends, 30--80 × 1--2.5 cm, leathery, midvein abaxially and margin usually scabrous, apex obtuse. Scape 1--2 m, with several bractlike stem leaves 3--8 cm. Pan-icle laxly branched, 10--40 cm, usually with flowers borne distally. Pedicel 0.7--2 cm, usually arcuate. Tepals spreading, white, greenish white, yellowish, or bluish purple, linear-lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 6--7 × 3--3.5 mm. Stamens shorter than tepals; filaments geniculate near middle, dilated distally. Style ca. 6 mm. Berries deep blue, subglobose, ca. 6 mm in diam., 5- or 6-seeded. Fl. and fr. Mar--Aug. 2 n = 32*.
Forests, grassy slopes; near sea level to 1700 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, S Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa (Madagascar), E Australia, Pacific Islands].
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