三柱韭Allium trifurcatum
中文名（Chinese Name）：三柱韭
学名（Scientific Name）：Allium trifurcatum (F. T. Wang et Ts. Tang) J. M. Xu
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Allium humile var. trifurcatum F. T. Wang et Ts. Tang
科属（Family & Genus）：百合科（Liliaceae）葱属
形态特征（Description）：具近直生的根状茎。鳞茎聚生，圆柱状，具丛生、较粗壮的根；鳞茎外皮灰黑色，薄革质，老时条裂，或呈纤维状，内皮白色，膜质，不裂。叶条形，短于花葶，宽4-10毫米。花葶圆柱状，具2条纵的狭翅，高 (14-) 20-80厘米，下部被叶鞘；总苞膜质，白色，2裂，常宿存；伞形花序近扇状，花较疏散；小花梗随花的发育而伸长，故同一花序上长短不相同，小花梗在花开放时为花被片的1.5-2倍长，基部无小苞片；花白色；花被片狭矩圆形至矩圆状披针形，稀为卵形，开展，长(4-) 6-8毫米，宽1.7-2毫米，外轮的稍短；花丝约为花被片长的1/3-1/2，基部约1毫米合生并与花被片贴生，分离部分的下部呈三角形扩大，向上收狭成锥形，内轮的常略短；花药黄色；子房倒卵状球形，每室1胚珠；花柱远比子房短；柱头明显的3裂。花果期5月底至8月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南和四川。生于海拔3000-4000米的阴湿山坡、溪边或树丛下。
用途（Use）：
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 24 Page 176
Allium trifurcatum (F. T. Wang & T. Tang) J. M. Xu, Fl. Sichuan. 7: 145. 1991.
三柱韭 san zhu jiu | Liliaceae | Allium
Allium humile Kunth var. trifurcatum F. T. Wang & T. Tang, Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 14: 284. 1980.
Roots elongate, relatively thick. Bulbs clustered, cylindric, attached to horizontal rhizome; tunic grayish black, thinly leathery, laciniate or fibrous. Leaves broadly linear, shorter than scape, 4--10 mm wide, midvein distinct. Scape lateral, (14--)20--30 cm, terete, narrowly 2-winged, covered with leaf sheaths only at base. Spathe 2-valved, usually persistent. Umbel broomlike, laxly few flowered. Pedicels unequal, elongate at anthesis, 1.5--2 × as long as perianth, ebracteolate. Perianth white, spreading funnelform; segments narrowly oblong to oblong-lanceolate, rarely ovate, (4--)6--8 × 1.7--2 mm; inner ones slightly longer than outer. Filaments 1/3--1/2 as long as perianth segments, base broadly triangular, connate and adnate to perianth segments, apex attenuate, subulate; inner ones slightly shorter than outer. Ovary obovoid, smooth; ovules 1 per locule. Style much shorter than ovary, sometimes absent; stigma 3-cleft. Fl. and fr. end of May--Aug.
* Forests, scrub, damp slopes, stream banks; 3000--4000 m. SW Sichuan, NW Yunnan.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Allium trifurcatum (F. T. Wang et Ts. Tang) J. M. Xu
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Allium humile var. trifurcatum F. T. Wang et Ts. Tang
科属（Family & Genus）：百合科（Liliaceae）葱属
形态特征（Description）：具近直生的根状茎。鳞茎聚生，圆柱状，具丛生、较粗壮的根；鳞茎外皮灰黑色，薄革质，老时条裂，或呈纤维状，内皮白色，膜质，不裂。叶条形，短于花葶，宽4-10毫米。花葶圆柱状，具2条纵的狭翅，高 (14-) 20-80厘米，下部被叶鞘；总苞膜质，白色，2裂，常宿存；伞形花序近扇状，花较疏散；小花梗随花的发育而伸长，故同一花序上长短不相同，小花梗在花开放时为花被片的1.5-2倍长，基部无小苞片；花白色；花被片狭矩圆形至矩圆状披针形，稀为卵形，开展，长(4-) 6-8毫米，宽1.7-2毫米，外轮的稍短；花丝约为花被片长的1/3-1/2，基部约1毫米合生并与花被片贴生，分离部分的下部呈三角形扩大，向上收狭成锥形，内轮的常略短；花药黄色；子房倒卵状球形，每室1胚珠；花柱远比子房短；柱头明显的3裂。花果期5月底至8月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南和四川。生于海拔3000-4000米的阴湿山坡、溪边或树丛下。
用途（Use）：
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 24 Page 176
Allium trifurcatum (F. T. Wang & T. Tang) J. M. Xu, Fl. Sichuan. 7: 145. 1991.
三柱韭 san zhu jiu | Liliaceae | Allium
Allium humile Kunth var. trifurcatum F. T. Wang & T. Tang, Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 14: 284. 1980.
Roots elongate, relatively thick. Bulbs clustered, cylindric, attached to horizontal rhizome; tunic grayish black, thinly leathery, laciniate or fibrous. Leaves broadly linear, shorter than scape, 4--10 mm wide, midvein distinct. Scape lateral, (14--)20--30 cm, terete, narrowly 2-winged, covered with leaf sheaths only at base. Spathe 2-valved, usually persistent. Umbel broomlike, laxly few flowered. Pedicels unequal, elongate at anthesis, 1.5--2 × as long as perianth, ebracteolate. Perianth white, spreading funnelform; segments narrowly oblong to oblong-lanceolate, rarely ovate, (4--)6--8 × 1.7--2 mm; inner ones slightly longer than outer. Filaments 1/3--1/2 as long as perianth segments, base broadly triangular, connate and adnate to perianth segments, apex attenuate, subulate; inner ones slightly shorter than outer. Ovary obovoid, smooth; ovules 1 per locule. Style much shorter than ovary, sometimes absent; stigma 3-cleft. Fl. and fr. end of May--Aug.
* Forests, scrub, damp slopes, stream banks; 3000--4000 m. SW Sichuan, NW Yunnan.
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