香青兰Dracocephalum moldavica
中文名（Chinese Name）：香青兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Dracocephalum moldavica L.
英文名（English Common Name）：Moldavian dragonhead
别名（Chinese Common Name）：山薄荷、青蓝
异名（Synonym）：Moldavica moldavica (L.) Britt. Dracocephalum fragrans Salisb. Moldavica punctata Moench Moldavica setosa Stokes Moldavica suaveolens Gilib. Nepeta moldavica (L.) Baill. Ruyschiana moldavica (L.) House
科属（Family & Genus）：唇形科（Labiatae）青兰属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本，高（6-）22-40厘米；直根圆柱形，径2-4.5毫米。茎数个，直立或渐升，常在中部以下具分枝，不明显四棱形，被倒向的小毛，常带紫色。基生叶卵圆状三角形，先端圆钝，基部心形，具疏圆齿，具长柄，很快枯萎；下部茎生叶与基生叶近似，具与叶片等长之柄，中部以上者具短柄，柄为叶片之1/2-1/4以下，叶片披针形至线状披针形，先端钝，基部圆形或宽楔形，长1.4-4厘米，宽0.4-1.2厘米，两面只在脉上疏被小毛及黄色小腺点，边缘通常具不规则至规则的三角形牙齿或疏锯齿，有时基部的牙齿成小裂片状，分裂较深，常具长刺。轮伞花序生于茎或分枝上部5-12节处，占长度3-11厘米，疏松，通常具4花；花梗长3-5毫米，花后平折；苞片长圆形，稍长或短于萼，疏被贴伏的小毛，每侧具2-3小齿，齿具长2.5-3.5毫米的长刺。花萼长8-10毫米，被金黄色腺点及短毛，下部较密，脉常带紫色，2裂近中部，上唇3浅裂至本身1/4-1/3处，3齿近等大，三角状卵形，先端锐尖，下唇2裂近本身基部，裂片披针形。花冠淡蓝紫色，长1.5-2.5（-3）厘米，喉部以上宽展，外面被白色短柔毛，冠檐二唇形，上唇短舟形，长约为冠筒的1/4，先端微凹，下唇3裂，中裂片扁，2裂，具深紫色斑点，有短柄，柄上有2突起，侧裂片平截。雄蕊微伸出，花丝无毛，先端尖细，药平叉开。花柱无毛，先端2等裂。小坚果长约2.5毫米，长圆形，顶平截，光滑。
分布（Distribution）：产东北，华北及西北；生于海拔220-1600米干燥山地、山谷、河滩多石处。俄罗斯，东欧、中欧、南延至克什米尔地区均有分布。
用途（Use）：全株含芳香油，据国外报道含油量在0.01-0.17%，油的主要成分为柠檬醛25-68%，香叶醇80%，橙花醇7%。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 17 Page 128
Dracocephalum moldavica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 595. 1753.
香青兰 xiang qing lan| Lamiaceae | Dracocephalum
Herbs annual. Stems numerous, (6-)22-40 cm, erect or ascending, minutely retrorse hairy, purplish. Basal cauline leaves withering early; petiole as long as blade, shorter upward; leaf blade ovate-triangular, base cordate, margin remotely crenate, apex rounded; upper blades lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 1.4-4 × 0.4-1.2 cm, yellow glandular, veins sparsely minute hairy, base rounded to broadly cuneate, margin triangular-dentate or sparsely serrate, with basal teeth sometimes lobelike, apex long spiny, obtuse. Verticillasters 4-flowered, loose, in 5-12 upper nodes of stems and branches; bracts oblong, shorter to slightly longer than calyx, margin 2- or 3-spinescent-denticulate, with spines 2.5-3.5 mm, sparsely appressed hairy. Pedicel 3-5 mm, horizontal after anthesis. Calyx 8-10 mm, golden glandular, pubescent especially basally, purple veined, 2-lipped to 1/2 its length; upper lip teeth divisions 1/4-1/3 of lip, teeth subequal, triangular-ovate, apex acute. Corolla bluish purple, 1.5-2.5 (-3) cm, dilated beyond throat, white pubescent outside; upper lip short navicular, ca. 1/4 as long as tube; middle lobe of lower lip dark purple spotted. Nutlets oblong, ca. 2.5 mm, apex truncate, smooth.
Dry hills, stony riverbanks, valleys; 200-2700 m. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi [India, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan; Europe]
Source of an essential oil, sometimes cultivated.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Dracocephalum moldavica L.
英文名（English Common Name）：Moldavian dragonhead
别名（Chinese Common Name）：山薄荷、青蓝
异名（Synonym）：Moldavica moldavica (L.) Britt. Dracocephalum fragrans Salisb. Moldavica punctata Moench Moldavica setosa Stokes Moldavica suaveolens Gilib. Nepeta moldavica (L.) Baill. Ruyschiana moldavica (L.) House
科属（Family & Genus）：唇形科（Labiatae）青兰属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本，高（6-）22-40厘米；直根圆柱形，径2-4.5毫米。茎数个，直立或渐升，常在中部以下具分枝，不明显四棱形，被倒向的小毛，常带紫色。基生叶卵圆状三角形，先端圆钝，基部心形，具疏圆齿，具长柄，很快枯萎；下部茎生叶与基生叶近似，具与叶片等长之柄，中部以上者具短柄，柄为叶片之1/2-1/4以下，叶片披针形至线状披针形，先端钝，基部圆形或宽楔形，长1.4-4厘米，宽0.4-1.2厘米，两面只在脉上疏被小毛及黄色小腺点，边缘通常具不规则至规则的三角形牙齿或疏锯齿，有时基部的牙齿成小裂片状，分裂较深，常具长刺。轮伞花序生于茎或分枝上部5-12节处，占长度3-11厘米，疏松，通常具4花；花梗长3-5毫米，花后平折；苞片长圆形，稍长或短于萼，疏被贴伏的小毛，每侧具2-3小齿，齿具长2.5-3.5毫米的长刺。花萼长8-10毫米，被金黄色腺点及短毛，下部较密，脉常带紫色，2裂近中部，上唇3浅裂至本身1/4-1/3处，3齿近等大，三角状卵形，先端锐尖，下唇2裂近本身基部，裂片披针形。花冠淡蓝紫色，长1.5-2.5（-3）厘米，喉部以上宽展，外面被白色短柔毛，冠檐二唇形，上唇短舟形，长约为冠筒的1/4，先端微凹，下唇3裂，中裂片扁，2裂，具深紫色斑点，有短柄，柄上有2突起，侧裂片平截。雄蕊微伸出，花丝无毛，先端尖细，药平叉开。花柱无毛，先端2等裂。小坚果长约2.5毫米，长圆形，顶平截，光滑。
分布（Distribution）：产东北，华北及西北；生于海拔220-1600米干燥山地、山谷、河滩多石处。俄罗斯，东欧、中欧、南延至克什米尔地区均有分布。
用途（Use）：全株含芳香油，据国外报道含油量在0.01-0.17%，油的主要成分为柠檬醛25-68%，香叶醇80%，橙花醇7%。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 17 Page 128
Dracocephalum moldavica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 595. 1753.
香青兰 xiang qing lan| Lamiaceae | Dracocephalum
Herbs annual. Stems numerous, (6-)22-40 cm, erect or ascending, minutely retrorse hairy, purplish. Basal cauline leaves withering early; petiole as long as blade, shorter upward; leaf blade ovate-triangular, base cordate, margin remotely crenate, apex rounded; upper blades lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 1.4-4 × 0.4-1.2 cm, yellow glandular, veins sparsely minute hairy, base rounded to broadly cuneate, margin triangular-dentate or sparsely serrate, with basal teeth sometimes lobelike, apex long spiny, obtuse. Verticillasters 4-flowered, loose, in 5-12 upper nodes of stems and branches; bracts oblong, shorter to slightly longer than calyx, margin 2- or 3-spinescent-denticulate, with spines 2.5-3.5 mm, sparsely appressed hairy. Pedicel 3-5 mm, horizontal after anthesis. Calyx 8-10 mm, golden glandular, pubescent especially basally, purple veined, 2-lipped to 1/2 its length; upper lip teeth divisions 1/4-1/3 of lip, teeth subequal, triangular-ovate, apex acute. Corolla bluish purple, 1.5-2.5 (-3) cm, dilated beyond throat, white pubescent outside; upper lip short navicular, ca. 1/4 as long as tube; middle lobe of lower lip dark purple spotted. Nutlets oblong, ca. 2.5 mm, apex truncate, smooth.
Dry hills, stony riverbanks, valleys; 200-2700 m. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi [India, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan; Europe]
Source of an essential oil, sometimes cultivated.
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