黄花鸢尾Iris wilsonii
中文名（Chinese Name）：黄花鸢尾
学名（Scientific Name）：Iris wilsonii C. H. Wright
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Limniris wilsonii (C.H.Wright) Rodion. Iris wilsonii var. major C.H.Wright
科属（Family & Genus）：鸢尾科（Iridaceae）鸢尾属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，植株基部有老叶残留的纤维。根状茎粗壮，斜伸；须根黄白色，少分枝，有皱缩的横纹。叶基生，灰绿色，宽条形，长25-55厘米，宽5-8毫米，顶端渐尖，有3-5条不明显的纵脉。花茎中空，高50-60厘米，有1-2枚茎生叶；苞片3枚，草质，绿色，披针形，长6-9(16) 厘米，宽0.8-1厘米，顶端长渐尖，中脉明显，内包含有2朵花；花黄色，直径6-7厘米；花梗细，长3-11厘米；花被管长0.5-1.2厘米，外花被裂片倒卵形，长6-6.5厘米，宽约1.5厘米，具紫褐色的条纹及斑点，爪部狭楔形，两侧边缘有紫褐色的耳状突起物，中间下陷呈沟状，内花被裂片倒披针形，长4.5-5厘米，宽约7毫米，花盛开时向外倾斜；雄蕊长约3.5厘米，花药与花丝近等长；花柱分枝深黄色，长4.5-6厘米，顶端裂片钝三角形或半圆形，有疏牙齿，子房绿色，长1.2-1.8厘米。蒴果椭圆状柱形，长3-4厘米，直径1.5-2厘米，6条肋明显，顶端无喙，成熟时自顶端开裂至中部；种子棕褐色，扁平，半圆形。花期5-6月，果期7-8月。
分布（Distribution）：产湖北、陕西、甘肃、四川，云南。生于山坡草丛、林缘草地及河旁沟边的湿地。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 24 Page 300
Iris wilsonii C. H. Wright, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew. 1907: 321. 1907.
黄花鸢尾 huang hua yuan wei | Iridaceae | Iris
Rhizomes shortly creeping, thick. Leaves grayish green on both surfaces, linear, 25--55 cm × 5--8 mm, 3--5-veined, base surrounded by persistent fibers. Flowering stems 50--60 cm, hollow, 1- or 2-leaved; spathes 3, green, lanceolate, 6--9(--16) cm × 8--10 mm, 2-flowered, apex long acuminate. Flowers yellow, 6--10 cm in diam.; pedicel 3--11 cm. Perianth tube 0.5--1.2 cm; outer segments with purple-brown stripes and spots, obovate, 6--6.5 × ca. 1.5 cm, claw with conspicuous, dark purple auricles on both sides; inner segments slanting outward, oblanceolate, 4.5--5 cm × ca. 7 mm. Stamens ca. 3.5 cm. Ovary 1.2--1.8 cm. Style branches dark yellow, 4.5--6 cm. Capsule ellipsoid-cylindric, 3--4 × 1.5--2 cm, 6-ribbed, apex not beaked. Seeds brown, semiorbicular. Fl. May--Jun, fr. Jun--Aug. 2 n = 40*.
* Forest margins, hillsides, meadows, damp riversides; 2900--4300 m. Gansu, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan.
There continues to be a great deal of confusion among the “Sibiricae” irises of SW China, and a thorough revision is needed based on field and laboratory studies. Some of the difficulty arises because species nos. 2--5 were described from cultivated material. It seems to one of us (Noltie), from herbarium specimens, that no distinction can be made between the two yellow-flowered species, Iris wilsonii (the earlier described) and I. forrestii, and that I. bulleyana is merely a purple-flowered form of the same species. Iris chrysographes and I. delavayi are probably distinct, though very difficult to recognize in the herbarium. The distributions given in the present account should be treated with caution as they are largely based on herbarium material.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Iris wilsonii C. H. Wright
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Limniris wilsonii (C.H.Wright) Rodion. Iris wilsonii var. major C.H.Wright
科属（Family & Genus）：鸢尾科（Iridaceae）鸢尾属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，植株基部有老叶残留的纤维。根状茎粗壮，斜伸；须根黄白色，少分枝，有皱缩的横纹。叶基生，灰绿色，宽条形，长25-55厘米，宽5-8毫米，顶端渐尖，有3-5条不明显的纵脉。花茎中空，高50-60厘米，有1-2枚茎生叶；苞片3枚，草质，绿色，披针形，长6-9(16) 厘米，宽0.8-1厘米，顶端长渐尖，中脉明显，内包含有2朵花；花黄色，直径6-7厘米；花梗细，长3-11厘米；花被管长0.5-1.2厘米，外花被裂片倒卵形，长6-6.5厘米，宽约1.5厘米，具紫褐色的条纹及斑点，爪部狭楔形，两侧边缘有紫褐色的耳状突起物，中间下陷呈沟状，内花被裂片倒披针形，长4.5-5厘米，宽约7毫米，花盛开时向外倾斜；雄蕊长约3.5厘米，花药与花丝近等长；花柱分枝深黄色，长4.5-6厘米，顶端裂片钝三角形或半圆形，有疏牙齿，子房绿色，长1.2-1.8厘米。蒴果椭圆状柱形，长3-4厘米，直径1.5-2厘米，6条肋明显，顶端无喙，成熟时自顶端开裂至中部；种子棕褐色，扁平，半圆形。花期5-6月，果期7-8月。
分布（Distribution）：产湖北、陕西、甘肃、四川，云南。生于山坡草丛、林缘草地及河旁沟边的湿地。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 24 Page 300
Iris wilsonii C. H. Wright, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew. 1907: 321. 1907.
黄花鸢尾 huang hua yuan wei | Iridaceae | Iris
Rhizomes shortly creeping, thick. Leaves grayish green on both surfaces, linear, 25--55 cm × 5--8 mm, 3--5-veined, base surrounded by persistent fibers. Flowering stems 50--60 cm, hollow, 1- or 2-leaved; spathes 3, green, lanceolate, 6--9(--16) cm × 8--10 mm, 2-flowered, apex long acuminate. Flowers yellow, 6--10 cm in diam.; pedicel 3--11 cm. Perianth tube 0.5--1.2 cm; outer segments with purple-brown stripes and spots, obovate, 6--6.5 × ca. 1.5 cm, claw with conspicuous, dark purple auricles on both sides; inner segments slanting outward, oblanceolate, 4.5--5 cm × ca. 7 mm. Stamens ca. 3.5 cm. Ovary 1.2--1.8 cm. Style branches dark yellow, 4.5--6 cm. Capsule ellipsoid-cylindric, 3--4 × 1.5--2 cm, 6-ribbed, apex not beaked. Seeds brown, semiorbicular. Fl. May--Jun, fr. Jun--Aug. 2 n = 40*.
* Forest margins, hillsides, meadows, damp riversides; 2900--4300 m. Gansu, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan.
There continues to be a great deal of confusion among the “Sibiricae” irises of SW China, and a thorough revision is needed based on field and laboratory studies. Some of the difficulty arises because species nos. 2--5 were described from cultivated material. It seems to one of us (Noltie), from herbarium specimens, that no distinction can be made between the two yellow-flowered species, Iris wilsonii (the earlier described) and I. forrestii, and that I. bulleyana is merely a purple-flowered form of the same species. Iris chrysographes and I. delavayi are probably distinct, though very difficult to recognize in the herbarium. The distributions given in the present account should be treated with caution as they are largely based on herbarium material.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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