卤地菊Melanthera prostrata

中文名(Chinese Name):卤地菊
学名(Scientific Name): Melanthera prostrata (Hemsl.) W.L.Wagner & H.Rob.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Wedelia prostrata (Hook. et Arn.) Hemsl.
科属(Family & Genus):菊科Compositae墨药菊属Melanthera 
形态特征(Description):一年生草本。茎匍匐,长25-80厘米或更长,基部径约2毫米,分枝,基部茎节生不定根,茎枝疏被基部为疣状的短糙毛,糙毛有时成钩状,节间长2-4厘米,或在上部可达6-8厘米。叶无柄或有1-5毫米长的短柄,叶片披针形或长圆状披针形,连叶柄长1-4厘米,宽4-9毫米,基部稍狭,顶端钝,边缘有1-3对不规则的粗齿或细齿,稀全缘,两面密被基部为疵状的短糙毛,中脉和近基发出的1对侧脉,不明显,无网状脉。头状花序少数,径约10毫米,单生茎顶或上部叶腋内,无花序梗或有1-6毫米长的花序梗;总苞近球形,径约9毫米;总苞片2层,外层叶质,绿色、卵形至卵状长圆形,长4-6毫米,顶端钝或略尖,背面被基部为疣状的短粗毛,内层倒卵形或倒卵状长圆形,长约6毫米,顶端三角状短尖,上部疏被短粗毛;托片折叠成倒卵状长圆形,长6-7毫米,基部较狭,顶端短尖,背面仅上端疏被短糙毛。舌状花1层,黄色,舌片长圆形,长7-9毫米,宽约3毫米,顶端3浅裂,常以中间的裂片较小,管部约与子房等长;管状花黄色,长6-7毫米,向上渐扩大成钟状,檐部5裂,裂片近三角形,顶端稍钝,疏被短毛。瘦果倒卵状三棱形,长约4毫米,宽2.5-3毫米,顶端截平,但中央稍凹入,凹入处密被短毛。无冠毛及冠毛环。花期6-10月。
分布(Distribution):广产台湾、福建、浙江、江苏、广东及其沿海岛屿和广西。生于海岸干燥沙土地。印度、越南、菲律宾、朝鲜及日本也有分布。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 871
Melanthera prostrata (Hemsley) W. L. Wagner & H. Robinson, Brittonia. 53: 557. 2002.
卤地菊 lu di ju | Asteraceae  | Melanthera
Wedelia prostrata Hemsley, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 434. 1888, based on Verbesina prostrata Hooker & Arnott, Bot. Beechey Voy. 195. 1837, not Linnaeus (1753); Eclipta dentata H. Léveillé & Vaniot; Melanthera robusta (Makino) K. Ohashi & H. Ohashi; W. prostrata var. robusta Makino; W. robusta (Makino) Kitamura; Wollastonia prostrata Hooker & Arnott (1838), not Candolle (1836).
Stems long creeping, rooting at nodes, coarsely hirsute; flowering branches ascending, leafy, densely strigose. Cauline leaves with 2-8 mm petiole, oblong, sometimes ovate or lanceolate, thickly leathery, coarsely strigose on both surfaces, 3-veined, base cuneate, margin loosely dentate, apex acute. Capitula 5-22 × 16-22 mm, usually solitary, terminal; peduncle 1-7 cm; involucre hemispheric, 10-12 × 5-6 mm; phyllaries 1-seriate, ovate to ovate-oblong, 2-3.5 mm wide, coarsely strigose, apex acute to obtuse. Ray corollas yellow, 8-11 × ca. 4 mm. Disk corollas tubular, 5-6 mm, 5-lobed. Achenes 3.5-4 × ca. 2 mm, apically strigillose, 3- or 4-angled; pappus bristles 1 or 2, or obsolete. 2n = 30.
Littoral sand dunes, sandy seashores. Guangdong, Taiwan [Japan, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam].
Wagner and Robinson (Brittonia 53: 557. 2001) noted that "Melanthera prostrata var. robusta Makino" (a combination that does not exist) is thought to represent a hybrid between M. prostrata and M. biflora (here treated as Wollastonia biflora), q.v. C. I Peng et al. (Fl. Taiwan, ed. 2, 4: 1094, 1097. 1998, as Wedelia prostrata var. robusta). This is not recognized here, q.v. Wagner and Robinson (loc. cit.).
卤地菊Melanthera prostrata

卤地菊Melanthera prostrata

卤地菊Melanthera prostrata

卤地菊Melanthera prostrata
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