银胶菊Parthenium hysterophorus

银胶菊Parthenium hysterophorus

银胶菊Parthenium hysterophorus

银胶菊Parthenium hysterophorus

中文名(Chinese Name):银胶菊
学名(Scientific Name):Parthenium hysterophorus L.
英文名(English Common Name):Santa Maria feverfew
别名(Chinese Common Name):西南银胶菊
异名(Synonym): Parthenium pinnatifidum Stokes  Argyrochaeta bipinnatifida Cav.  Parthenium lobatum Buckley  Echetrosis pentasperma Phil.  Parthenium glomeratum Rollins
科属(Family & Genus):菊科(Compositae)银胶菊属
形态特征(Description):一年生草本。茎直立,高0.6-1米,基部径约5毫米,多分枝,具条纹,被短柔毛,节间长2.5-5厘米。下部和中部叶二回羽状深裂,全形卵形或椭圆形,连叶柄长10-19厘米,宽6-11厘米,羽片3-4对,卵形,长3.5-7厘米,小羽片卵状或长圆状,常具齿,顶端略钝,上面被基部为疣状的疏糙毛,下面的毛较密而柔软;上部叶无柄,羽裂,裂片线状长圆形,全缘或具齿,或有时指状3裂,中裂片较大,通常长于侧裂片的3倍。头状花序多数,径3-4毫米,在茎枝顶端排成开展的伞房花序,花序柄长3-8毫米,被粗毛;总苞宽钟形或近半球形,径约5毫米,长约3毫米;总苞片2层,各5个,外层较硬,卵形,长2.2毫米,顶端叶质,钝,背面被短柔毛,内层较薄,几近圆形,长宽近相等,顶端钝,下凹,边缘近膜质,透明,上部被短柔毛。舌状花1层,5个,白色,长约1.3毫米,舌片卵形或卵圆形,顶端2裂。管状花多数,长约2毫米,檐部4浅裂,裂片短尖或短渐尖,具乳头状突起;雄蕊4个。雌花瘦果倒卵形,基部渐尖,干时黑色、长约2.5毫米,被疏腺点。冠毛2,鳞片状,长圆形,长约0.5毫米,顶端截平或有时具细齿。花期4-10月。
分布(Distribution):产广东、广西、贵州、云南等地,生于海拔90-1500米的旷野、路旁、河边及坡地上。美洲热带及越南也有。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 877
Parthenium hysterophorus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 988. 1753.
银胶菊 yin jiao ju | Asteraceae  | Parthenium
Herbs, annual, 30-120 cm tall. Leaf blade ovate to elliptic, 3-18 × 1-5(-9) cm, pinnately (1 or)2-lobed, ultimate lobes lanceolate to linear, 3-50 × 2-15 mm, both surfaces sparsely to densely scaberulose and gland-dotted. Synflorescences of open panicles. Capitula obscurely radiate; peduncles 1-8(-15+) mm; outer phyllaries 5(or 6), elliptic-lanceolate, 2-4 mm, inner 5(or 6) ovate to orbicular, 2.5-4 mm. Female florets 5(or 6); corolla limbs reniform or orbicular to oblong, 0.3-1 mm. Disk florets 12-30(-60). Achenes obovoid, 1.5-2(-3.5) mm; pappuslike enations erect, deltate to ovate, 0.5-1 mm. Fl. Apr-Aug. 2n = 34.
Fields, roadsides; below 1500 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan [native to tropical America; a widely introduced weed in the tropics].
(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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