密生波罗花Incarvillea compacta

密生波罗花Incarvillea compacta

密生波罗花Incarvillea compacta

中文名(Chinese Name):密生波罗花
学名(Scientific Name):Incarvillea compacta Maxim.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):密生角蒿
异名(Synonym):Incarvillea bonvalotii Bureau et Franch.;Incarvillea compacta var. qinghaiensis Grey-Wilson
科属(Family & Genus):紫葳科(Bignoniaceae)角蒿属
形态特征(Description):多年生草本,花期高达20厘米,果期高30厘米。根肉质,圆锥状,长15-23厘米。叶为1回羽状复叶、聚生于茎基部,长约8-15厘米;侧生小叶2-6对,卵形,长2-3.5厘米,宽1-2厘米,顶端渐尖,基部圆形,顶端小叶近卵圆形,比侧生小叶较大,全缘。总状花序密集,聚生于茎顶端,1至多花丛叶腋中抽出;苞片长1.8-3厘米;小苞片2;花梗长1-4厘米,线形。花萼钟状,绿色或紫红色,具深紫色斑点,长12-18毫米,萼齿三角形,长6-12毫米,宽5-7毫米。花冠红色或紫红色,长3.5-4厘米,直径约2厘米,花冠筒外面紫色,具黑色斑点,内面具少数紫色条纹,裂片圆形,长1.7-2.8厘米,宽2-3.9厘米,顶端微凹,具腺体。雄蕊4,2强,着生于花冠筒基部,花药两两靠合;退化雄蕊小,弯曲。子房长圆形,2室,每室胚珠2列,花柱长达4厘米,柱头扇形。蒴果长披针形,两端尖,木质,具明显的4棱,长约11厘米左右,宽及厚约1厘米。花期5-7月,果期8-12月。
分布(Distribution):产甘肃、青海、四川、云南及西藏,生于海拔2600-4100米的空旷石砾山坡及草灌丛中。
用途(Use):在青海、西藏等地,花、种子、根均入药,治胃病、黄疽、消化不良、耳炎、耳聋、月经不调、高血压、肺出血。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 18 Page 223      
Incarvillea compacta Maximowicz, Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg. 27: 521. 1881.
密生波罗花 mi sheng bo luo hua | Bignoniaceae  | Incarvillea
Incarvillea compacta
Credit: Harvard University Herbaria
Incarvillea bonvalotii Bureau & Franchet.
Herbs perennial, 20-30 cm tall. Roots fleshy, conical, 15-23 cm. Leaves 1-pinnately compound, clustered at stem base, 8-15 cm; lateral leaflets 2-6 pairs, ovate, 2-3.5 X 1-2 cm, base rounded, apex acuminate; terminal leaflets ovate-rounded, entire. Inflorescences densely racemose, clustered at stem apex; bracts 1.8-3 cm. Pedicel 1-4 cm, linear. Calyx green or purple-red, with dark purple spots, campanulate, 1.2-1.8 cm; teeth triangular, 6-12 X 5-7 mm. Corolla red or purple-red, 3.5-4 X ca. 2 cm; tube purple striate adaxially, purple and with black spots abaxially; lobes rounded, apex emarginate, with glands. Stamens inserted at base of corolla tube; anthers adherent; staminode small, curved. Ovules 2-rowed in each locule. Style ca. 4 cm; stigma flabellate. Capsule narrowly lanceolate, acute at both ends, distinctly 4-angled, ca. 11 X 1 cm. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Aug-Dec.
* Slopes, thickets, grasslands; 2600-4100 m. S Gansu, Qinghai, SW Sichuan, Xizang (W to Lhasa), NW Yunnan.
(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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