六角莲Dysosma pleiantha

六角莲Dysosma pleiantha

六角莲Dysosma pleiantha
六角莲Dysosma pleiantha

中文名(Chinese Name):六角莲
学名(Scientific Name):Dysosma pleiantha (Hance) Woodson
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):山荷叶、独角莲
异名(Synonym):Podophyllum pleianthum Hance;Podophyllum chengii Chien;Podophyllum ontzoi Hayata;Podophyllum hispidum K. S. Hao;Dysosma chengii (J.J.Chien) M.Hiroe;Dysosma hispida (K.S.Hao) M.Hiroe;Podophyllum onzoi Hayata
科属(Family & Genus):小檗科(Berberidaceae)鬼臼属
形态特征(Description):多年生草本,植株高20-60厘米,有时可达80厘米。根状茎粗壮,横走,呈圆形结节,多须根;茎直立,单生,顶端生二叶,无毛。叶近纸质,对生,盾状,轮廓近圆形,直径16-33厘米,5-9浅裂,裂片宽三角状卵形,先端急尖,上面暗绿色,常有 光泽,背面淡黄绿色,两面无毛,边缘具细刺齿;叶柄长10-28厘米,具纵条棱,无毛。花梗长2-4厘米,常下弯,无毛;花紫红色,下垂;萼片6,椭圆状长圆形或卵状长圆形,长1-2厘米,宽约8毫米,早落;花瓣6-9,紫红色,倒卵状长圆形,长3-4厘米,宽1-1.3厘米;雄蕊6,长约2.3厘米,常镰状弯曲,花丝扁平,长7-8毫米,花药长约15毫米,药隔先端延伸;子房长圆形,长约13毫米,花柱长约3毫米,柱头头状,胚珠多数。浆果倒卵状长圆形或椭圆形,长约3厘米,直径约2厘米,熟时紫黑色。花期3-6月,果期7-9月。
分布(Distribution):产华东、华中及华南等地,生于海拔400-1600米的林下、山谷溪旁或阴湿溪谷草丛中。
用途(Use):根状茎供药用,有散瘀解毒功效,主治毒蛇咬伤,痈、疮、疗、痨以及跌打损伤等。根状茎及根有毒。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 19 Page 784, 785
Dysosma pleiantha (Hance) Woodson, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 15: 339. 1928.
六角莲 liu jiao lian | Berberidaceae  | Dysosma
Podophyllum pleianthum Hance, J. Bot. 21: 175. 1883; Dysosma chengii (S. S. Chien) Hiroe; D. hispida (K. S. Hao) Hiroe; P. chengii S. S. Chien; P. hispidum K. S. Hao; P. onzoi Hayata; P. pleianthum var. album Masamune.
Plants 20-60(-80) cm tall. Rhizomes creeping, stout, nodose, with numerous fibrous roots; aerial stems erect, solitary, glabrous. Leaves opposite; petiole 10-28 cm, angulate, glabrous; leaf blade abaxially pale yellowish green, adaxially dark green, usually shiny, suborbicular in gross outline, 16-33 cm in diam., papery, both surfaces glabrous, 5-9-lobed; lobes broadly triangular-ovate, margin spinose-serrulate, apex acute. Inflorescence 5-8-fascicled flowers. Pedicel 2-4 cm, often nodding, glabrous. Flowers attached at base of petiole, purplish red. Sepals caducous, elliptic-oblong or ovate-oblong, 1-2 × ca. 0.8 cm. Petals 6-9, purplish red, obovate-oblong, 3-4 × 1-1.3 cm. Stamens falcate-inflexed, ca. 2.3 cm; filaments flat, 7-8 mm; anthers ca. 1.5 cm; anther connective prolonged. Ovary oblong, ca. 1.3 cm; ovules numerous; style ca. 3 mm. Berry purplish black, obovoid-oblong or ellipsoid, ca. 3 × 2 cm. Fl. Mar-Jun, fr. Jul-Sep. 2n = 12*.
● Forests, streamsides, grassy slopes in valleys; 400-1600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Zhejiang.
Shaw (in Stearn, Gen. Epimedium, 279. 2002) treated Podophyllum hispidum as a synonym of P. versipelle subsp. versipelle, and, based on flower color, recognized two varieties of P. pleianthum: var. pleianthum ("petals dark maroon red") and var. album ("petals white").
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