狐尾藻 Myriophyllum verticillatum
中文名（Chinese Name）：狐尾藻
学名（Scientific Name）：Myriophyllum verticillatum L.
英文名（English Common Name）：whorl-leaf watermilfoil
别名（Chinese Common Name）：轮叶狐尾藻
异名（Synonym）：Myriophyllum limosum Hect. ex DC. Myriophyllum verticillatum var. pectinatum Wallr. Myriophyllum verticillatum var. pinnatifidum Wallr. Myriophyllum verticillatum var. intermedium W.D.J. Koch Myriophyllum pectinatum DC.
科属（Family & Genus）：小二仙草科（Haloragaceae）狐尾藻属
形态特征（Description）：多年生粗壮沉水草本。根状茎发达，在水底泥中蔓延，节部生根。茎圆柱形，长20-40厘米，多分枝。叶通常4片轮生，或3-5片轮生，水中叶较长，长4-5厘米，丝状全裂，无叶柄；裂片8-13对，互生，长0.7-1.5厘米；水上叶互生，披针形，较强壮，鲜绿色，长约1.5厘米，裂片较宽。秋季于叶腋中生出棍棒状冬芽而越冬。苞片羽状篦齿状分裂。花单性，雌雄同株或杂性、单生于水上叶腋内，每轮具4朵花，花无柄，比叶片短。雌花生于水上茎下部叶腋中：萼片与子房合生，顶端4裂，裂片较小，长不到1毫米，卵状三角形；花瓣4，舟状，早落；雌蕊1，子房广卵形，4室，柱头4裂、裂片三角形；花瓣4，椭圆形，长2-3毫米，早落。雄花：雄蕊8，花药椭圆形，长2毫米，淡黄色，花丝丝状，开花后伸出花冠外。果实广卵形，长3毫米，具4条浅槽，顶端具残存的萼片及花柱。
分布（Distribution）：为世界广布种，中国南北各地池塘、河沟、沼泽中常有生长。
用途（Use）：可为养猪、养鱼、养鸭的饲料。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 430
Myriophyllum verticillatum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 992. 1753.
狐尾藻 hu wei zao| Haloragaceae | Myriophyllum
Myriophyllum limosum Hectot ex Candolle.
Plants mostly monoecious, rarely with bisexual flowers. Perennation by clavate turions. Stem robustly branched or unbranched, 50-150 cm; internodes often shorter than leaves. Submerged leaves 4-6-whorled, pectinate, narrowly ovate in outline, 3-5 × 1.5-2.5 cm; segments in 10-20 pairs, filiform, 1-2.5 cm. Inflorescence a terminal spike of 4-whorled flowers, 7-20 cm; bracts pectinate or absent. Male flowers: bracteoles lanceolate-lobed; calyx broadly campanulate, ca. 1 mm, 4-parted nearly 1/2 of way to base; petals white or greenish, obovate, 2-2.5 mm; stamens 8. Female flowers: bracteoles pectinate, 1-5 × as long as flower; calyx tubular, shortly lobed; petals greenish or white, minute. Fruit 4-loculed, subglobose, ca. 3 mm; mericarps smooth or sparsely verrucose along margins. Fl. and fr. Apr-Sep.
Stagnant waters, lakes, ditches, slow streams, occasionally drying ponds; near sea level to 3500 m. Throughout China [Africa, Asia, Europe, North America].
In its terrestrial form this species may fully develop as small plants, with few leaf segments, and often set fruit better than the aquatic form.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Myriophyllum verticillatum L.
英文名（English Common Name）：whorl-leaf watermilfoil
别名（Chinese Common Name）：轮叶狐尾藻
异名（Synonym）：Myriophyllum limosum Hect. ex DC. Myriophyllum verticillatum var. pectinatum Wallr. Myriophyllum verticillatum var. pinnatifidum Wallr. Myriophyllum verticillatum var. intermedium W.D.J. Koch Myriophyllum pectinatum DC.
科属（Family & Genus）：小二仙草科（Haloragaceae）狐尾藻属
形态特征（Description）：多年生粗壮沉水草本。根状茎发达，在水底泥中蔓延，节部生根。茎圆柱形，长20-40厘米，多分枝。叶通常4片轮生，或3-5片轮生，水中叶较长，长4-5厘米，丝状全裂，无叶柄；裂片8-13对，互生，长0.7-1.5厘米；水上叶互生，披针形，较强壮，鲜绿色，长约1.5厘米，裂片较宽。秋季于叶腋中生出棍棒状冬芽而越冬。苞片羽状篦齿状分裂。花单性，雌雄同株或杂性、单生于水上叶腋内，每轮具4朵花，花无柄，比叶片短。雌花生于水上茎下部叶腋中：萼片与子房合生，顶端4裂，裂片较小，长不到1毫米，卵状三角形；花瓣4，舟状，早落；雌蕊1，子房广卵形，4室，柱头4裂、裂片三角形；花瓣4，椭圆形，长2-3毫米，早落。雄花：雄蕊8，花药椭圆形，长2毫米，淡黄色，花丝丝状，开花后伸出花冠外。果实广卵形，长3毫米，具4条浅槽，顶端具残存的萼片及花柱。
分布（Distribution）：为世界广布种，中国南北各地池塘、河沟、沼泽中常有生长。
用途（Use）：可为养猪、养鱼、养鸭的饲料。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 430
Myriophyllum verticillatum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 992. 1753.
狐尾藻 hu wei zao| Haloragaceae | Myriophyllum
Myriophyllum limosum Hectot ex Candolle.
Plants mostly monoecious, rarely with bisexual flowers. Perennation by clavate turions. Stem robustly branched or unbranched, 50-150 cm; internodes often shorter than leaves. Submerged leaves 4-6-whorled, pectinate, narrowly ovate in outline, 3-5 × 1.5-2.5 cm; segments in 10-20 pairs, filiform, 1-2.5 cm. Inflorescence a terminal spike of 4-whorled flowers, 7-20 cm; bracts pectinate or absent. Male flowers: bracteoles lanceolate-lobed; calyx broadly campanulate, ca. 1 mm, 4-parted nearly 1/2 of way to base; petals white or greenish, obovate, 2-2.5 mm; stamens 8. Female flowers: bracteoles pectinate, 1-5 × as long as flower; calyx tubular, shortly lobed; petals greenish or white, minute. Fruit 4-loculed, subglobose, ca. 3 mm; mericarps smooth or sparsely verrucose along margins. Fl. and fr. Apr-Sep.
Stagnant waters, lakes, ditches, slow streams, occasionally drying ponds; near sea level to 3500 m. Throughout China [Africa, Asia, Europe, North America].
In its terrestrial form this species may fully develop as small plants, with few leaf segments, and often set fruit better than the aquatic form.
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