畦畔莎草Cyperus haspan
中文名（Chinese Name）：畦畔莎草
学名（Scientific Name）：Cyperus haspan L.
英文名（English Common Name）：haspan flatsedge
别名（Chinese Common Name）：埃及红纸莎
异名（Synonym）：Cyperus leptos Schult. Cyperus cancellatus Ridl. Cyperus efoliatus Boeckeler Cyperus tunicatus Roem. & Schult. Cyperus graminifolius Poir. Cyperus muehlenbergii Spreng. Cyperus pedatus Nees Cyperus hyemalis Pursh ex C.B.Clarke Cyperus junceus Link Cyperus laticulmis Spreng. Cyperus microcarpus Boeckeler Cyperus planiculmis Steud. Cyperus platyculmis R.Br. Cyperus haspan var. adenophorus (Schrad. ex Nees) Kük. Cyperus haspan var. americanus Boeckeler Cyperus haspan var. amplissimus Kük. Cyperus haspan var. bulboides Kük. Cyperus haspan var. cancellatus (Ridl.) Kük. Cyperus haspan var. firmicaulis Kük. Cyperus haspan var. flaccidissimus Kük. Cyperus haspan subsp. juncoides (Lam.) Kük. Cyperus haspan var. riparius Kük. Cyperus adenophorus var. aphyllus Boeckeler Cyperus haspan f. coarctatus (Nees) Osten Cyperus haspan var. dietrichiae Domin Cyperus haspan f. major C.B.Clarke Cyperus nudus var. firmior C.Presl Cyperus nudus var. flaccidior C.Presl Cyperus haspan var. tuberiferus T.Koyama Cyperus haspan subsp. junciformis Kük.
科属（Family & Genus）：莎草科（Cyperaceae）莎草属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，根状茎短缩，或有时为一年生草本，具许多须根。稈丛生或散生，稍细弱，高2-100厘米，扁三稜形，平滑。叶短于稈，宽2-3毫米，或有时仅剩叶鞘而无叶片。苞片2枚，叶状，常较花序短，罕长于花序；长侧枝聚繖花序复出或简单，少数为多次复出，具多数细长松散的第一次辐射枝，辐射枝最长达17厘米；小穗通常3-6个呈指状排列，少数可多至14个，线形或线状披针形，长2-12毫米，宽1-1.5毫来，具6-24朵花；小穗轴无翅。鳞片密复瓦状排列，膜质，长圆状卵形，长约1.5毫米，顶端具短尖，背面稍呈龙骨状突起，绿色，两侧紫红色或苍白色，具三条脉；雄蕊3-1枚，花药线状长圆形，顶端具白色刚毛状附属物；花柱中等长，柱头3。小坚果宽倒卵形，三稜形，长约为麟片的1/3，淡黄色，具疣状小突起。花果期很长，随地区而改变。
分布（Distribution）：产福建、台湾、广西、广东、云南、四川各省区；多生长于水田或浅水塘等多水的地方，山坡上亦能见到。朝鲜、日本、东南亚及非洲也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版 FOC Vol. 23
Cyperus haspan Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 45. 1753.
畦畔莎草 qi pan suo cao| Cyperaceae | Cyperus
Cyperus haspan var. flaccidissimus Kükenthal; C. haspan var. juncoides Kükenthal.
Perennials or annuals. Roots fibrous when annual. Rhizomes short to slightly long. Culms tufted or scattered, 10-60 cm tall, slender, compressed triquetrous, smooth. Leaves shorter than culm, sometimes sheathed only and bladeless; sheath pale green, base purplish brown to reddish purple, 2-10 cm; leaf blade 2-3 mm wide. Involucral bracts usually 2, leaflike, shorter to rarely longer than inflorescence. Inflorescence a simple, compound, or decompound anthela; rays 8-12, mostly 17-30 cm, unequal in length, each with several raylets; raylets less than 2 cm, usually with 1-6(-14) spikelets at apex. Spikelets digitately arranged or sometimes solitary, linear to narrowly linear-ovoid, 5-12 × 1-1.5 mm, 6-28-flowered; rachilla wingless. Glumes purplish brown, pale brown, or straw-colored but middle pale brownish to pale green, densely imbricate, oblong-ovate to subelliptic, ca. 1.5 mm, membranous, 3-veined, abaxially keeled, apex rounded to subtruncate and mucronate. Stamens 1-3; anthers narrowly oblong, apex white setose. Style of medium length; stigmas 3. Nutlet yellowish, whitish, or reddish brown, broadly obovoid, 0.5-0.6(-0.7) mm, ca. 1/3 as long as subtending glume, 3-sided, tuberculate. Fl. and fr. over a long period, different in each region. 2n = 26.
Sparse forests, grasslands on mountain slopes, sand by river margins, swamps, ditch margins in valleys, wastelands, wet places, along trails, dry fields, paddy fields; near sea level to 1600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, S Henan, Hubei, Hunan, S Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Taiwan, SE Xizang, S Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kashmir, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, tropical America, SW Asia, Australia, Indian Ocean islands, Madagascar, North America, Pacific islands].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Cyperus haspan L.
英文名（English Common Name）：haspan flatsedge
别名（Chinese Common Name）：埃及红纸莎
异名（Synonym）：Cyperus leptos Schult. Cyperus cancellatus Ridl. Cyperus efoliatus Boeckeler Cyperus tunicatus Roem. & Schult. Cyperus graminifolius Poir. Cyperus muehlenbergii Spreng. Cyperus pedatus Nees Cyperus hyemalis Pursh ex C.B.Clarke Cyperus junceus Link Cyperus laticulmis Spreng. Cyperus microcarpus Boeckeler Cyperus planiculmis Steud. Cyperus platyculmis R.Br. Cyperus haspan var. adenophorus (Schrad. ex Nees) Kük. Cyperus haspan var. americanus Boeckeler Cyperus haspan var. amplissimus Kük. Cyperus haspan var. bulboides Kük. Cyperus haspan var. cancellatus (Ridl.) Kük. Cyperus haspan var. firmicaulis Kük. Cyperus haspan var. flaccidissimus Kük. Cyperus haspan subsp. juncoides (Lam.) Kük. Cyperus haspan var. riparius Kük. Cyperus adenophorus var. aphyllus Boeckeler Cyperus haspan f. coarctatus (Nees) Osten Cyperus haspan var. dietrichiae Domin Cyperus haspan f. major C.B.Clarke Cyperus nudus var. firmior C.Presl Cyperus nudus var. flaccidior C.Presl Cyperus haspan var. tuberiferus T.Koyama Cyperus haspan subsp. junciformis Kük.
科属（Family & Genus）：莎草科（Cyperaceae）莎草属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，根状茎短缩，或有时为一年生草本，具许多须根。稈丛生或散生，稍细弱，高2-100厘米，扁三稜形，平滑。叶短于稈，宽2-3毫米，或有时仅剩叶鞘而无叶片。苞片2枚，叶状，常较花序短，罕长于花序；长侧枝聚繖花序复出或简单，少数为多次复出，具多数细长松散的第一次辐射枝，辐射枝最长达17厘米；小穗通常3-6个呈指状排列，少数可多至14个，线形或线状披针形，长2-12毫米，宽1-1.5毫来，具6-24朵花；小穗轴无翅。鳞片密复瓦状排列，膜质，长圆状卵形，长约1.5毫米，顶端具短尖，背面稍呈龙骨状突起，绿色，两侧紫红色或苍白色，具三条脉；雄蕊3-1枚，花药线状长圆形，顶端具白色刚毛状附属物；花柱中等长，柱头3。小坚果宽倒卵形，三稜形，长约为麟片的1/3，淡黄色，具疣状小突起。花果期很长，随地区而改变。
分布（Distribution）：产福建、台湾、广西、广东、云南、四川各省区；多生长于水田或浅水塘等多水的地方，山坡上亦能见到。朝鲜、日本、东南亚及非洲也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版 FOC Vol. 23
Cyperus haspan Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 45. 1753.
畦畔莎草 qi pan suo cao| Cyperaceae | Cyperus
Cyperus haspan var. flaccidissimus Kükenthal; C. haspan var. juncoides Kükenthal.
Perennials or annuals. Roots fibrous when annual. Rhizomes short to slightly long. Culms tufted or scattered, 10-60 cm tall, slender, compressed triquetrous, smooth. Leaves shorter than culm, sometimes sheathed only and bladeless; sheath pale green, base purplish brown to reddish purple, 2-10 cm; leaf blade 2-3 mm wide. Involucral bracts usually 2, leaflike, shorter to rarely longer than inflorescence. Inflorescence a simple, compound, or decompound anthela; rays 8-12, mostly 17-30 cm, unequal in length, each with several raylets; raylets less than 2 cm, usually with 1-6(-14) spikelets at apex. Spikelets digitately arranged or sometimes solitary, linear to narrowly linear-ovoid, 5-12 × 1-1.5 mm, 6-28-flowered; rachilla wingless. Glumes purplish brown, pale brown, or straw-colored but middle pale brownish to pale green, densely imbricate, oblong-ovate to subelliptic, ca. 1.5 mm, membranous, 3-veined, abaxially keeled, apex rounded to subtruncate and mucronate. Stamens 1-3; anthers narrowly oblong, apex white setose. Style of medium length; stigmas 3. Nutlet yellowish, whitish, or reddish brown, broadly obovoid, 0.5-0.6(-0.7) mm, ca. 1/3 as long as subtending glume, 3-sided, tuberculate. Fl. and fr. over a long period, different in each region. 2n = 26.
Sparse forests, grasslands on mountain slopes, sand by river margins, swamps, ditch margins in valleys, wastelands, wet places, along trails, dry fields, paddy fields; near sea level to 1600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, S Henan, Hubei, Hunan, S Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Taiwan, SE Xizang, S Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kashmir, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, tropical America, SW Asia, Australia, Indian Ocean islands, Madagascar, North America, Pacific islands].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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