中文名（Chinese Name）：野慈菇
学名（Scientific Name）：Sagittaria trifolia Linn.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：慈菇
异名（Synonym）：Sagittaria sagittifolia Linn.  Sagittaria trifolia f. longiloba (Turcz.) Makino  Sagittaria sagittifolia var. longiloba Turcz.  Sagittaria sagittifolia var. angustifolia Siebold  Sagittaria trifolia var. retusa J. K. Chen, S. C. Sun et H. Q. Wang  Sagittaria trifolia var. angustifolia (Siebold) Kitag.  Sagittaria latifolia Willd.  Sagittaria chinensis Sims  Sagittaria doniana Sweet  Sagittaria edulis Schltdl.  Sagittaria leucopetala (Miq.) Bergmans  Sagittaria japonica H.Vilm.  Sagittaria hirundinacea Blume  Sagittaria sagittata Thunb.  Sagittaria trifolia var. longiloba (Turcz.) Kitag.  Sagittaria sagittifolia var. leucopetala Miq.  Sagittaria sagittifolia subsp. leucopetala (Miq.) Hartog  Sagittaria trifolia var. leucopetala Miq.  Sagittaria trifolia var. typica Makino  Sagittaria sagittifolia var. subaequilonga Regel  Sagittaria sagittifolia var. alismifolia Makino  Sagittaria trifolia f. heterophylla Makino  Sagittaria trifolia f. subhastata Makino  Sagittaria trifolia f. suitensis Makino  Sagittaria trifolia f. albida Makino  Sagittaria trifolia f. caerulea Makino  Sagittaria trifolia f. tenuissima Hand.-Mazz.
科属（Family & Genus）：泽泻科（Alismataceae）慈菇属
形态特征（Description）：多年生水生或沼生草本。根状茎横走，较粗壮，末端膨大或否。挺水叶箭形，叶片长短、宽窄变异很大，通常顶裂片短于侧裂片，比值约1: 1.2-1: 1.5，有时侧裂片更长，顶裂片与侧裂片之间缢缩，或否；叶柄基部渐宽，鞘状，边缘膜质，具横脉，或不明显。花葶直立，挺水，高 (15-) 20-70厘米，或更高，通常粗壮。花序总状或圆锥状，长5-20厘米，有时更长，具分枝1-2枚，具花多轮，每轮2-3花；苞片3枚，基部多少合生，先端尖。花单性；花被片反折，外轮花被片椭圆形或广卵形，长3-5毫米，宽2.5-3.5毫米；内轮花被片白色或淡黄色，长6-10毫米，宽5-7毫米，基部收缩，雌花通常1-3轮，花梗短粗，心皮多数，两侧压扁，花柱自腹侧斜上；雄花多轮，花梗斜举，长0.5-1.5厘米，雄蕊多数，花药黄色，长1-1.5 (-2) 毫米，花丝长短不一，约0.5-3毫米，通常外轮短，向里渐长。瘦果两侧压扁，长约4毫米，宽约3毫米，倒卵形，具翅，背翅多少不整齐；果喙短，自腹侧斜上。种子褐色。花果期，5-10月。
分布（Distribution）：除西藏等少数地区外均产，生于湖泊、池塘、沼泽、沟渠及水田处。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 23 Page 85
Sagittaria trifolia Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 993. 1753.
野慈姑 ye ci gu  | Alismataceae  | Sagittaria
Plants stoloniferous, stolons often ending in a tuber. Leaves aerial at least when mature, sagittate, sheathing, apex acuminate to rounded, lateral lobes longer than middle lobe. Inflorescences racemose, in 3 to many whorls of 3 flowers, lower 1-3 whorls usually branched; bracts free or connate toward base. Flowers unisexual; female flowers on lower 1-8 whorls, with short pedicels; male flowers with pedicels 0.5-1.5 cm. Sepals reflexed, ovate, 3-5 × 2.5-3.5 mm. Petals obovate, ca. 2 × as large as sepals. Stamens numerous; anthers yellow. Achenes obliquely obovoid, 4.5-5.5 × 4-5 mm, winged, with an erect, apical beak. Fl. and fr. May-Nov. 2n = 22*.
Ponds, lakes, marshes, paddy fields and channels. Anhui, Beijing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Afghanistan, India, Indonesia (Borneo, Java), Japan (including Ryukyu Islands), Kazakhstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Russia, Tajikistan, Thailand, Uzbekistan, Vietnam; SW Asia, Europe].
 
（责任编辑：徐晔春）