望春玉兰Yulania biondii
中文名（Chinese Name）：望春玉兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Yulania biondii (Pamp.) D. L. Fu
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Magnolia biondii Pampan. Magnolia biondii var. flava T. B. Chao, H. T. Gao et Y. Ren Magnolia fargesii (Finet et Gagnep.) W. C. Cheng Magnolia funiushanensis var. purpurea T. B. Chao et J. T. Gao Magnolia aulacosperma Rehder et E. H. Wilson Magnolia conspicua var. fargesii Finet et Gagnep. Magnolia biondii f. purpurascens Y. W. Law et Z. Y. Gao Magnolia denudata var. fargesii (Finet et Gagnep.) Pamp. Magnolia biondii var. ovata T. B. Chao et T. X. Zhang Magnolia biondii var. planities T. B. Chao et Y. Z. Qiao Magnolia biondii var. axilliflora T. B. Chao, T. X. Zhang et J. T. Tao Magnolia biondii var. latitepala T. B. Chao et J. T. Gao Magnolia funiushanensis T. B. Chao, J. T. Gao et Y. H. Ren Yulania biondii var. angustitepala D. L. Fu, T. B. Zhao et D. W. Zhao Magnolia henanensis B. Y. Ding et T. B. Chao Magnolia axilliflora (T. B. Chao, T. X.Zhang et J. T. Tao) T. B. Chao
科属（Family & Genus）：木兰科（Magnoliaceae）玉兰属
形态特征（Description）：落叶乔木，高可达12米，胸径达1米；树皮淡灰色，光滑；小枝细长，灰绿色，直径3-4毫米，无毛；顶芽卵圆形或宽卵圆形，长1.7-3厘米，密被淡黄色展开长柔毛。叶椭圆状披针形、卵状披针形，狭倒卵或卵形长10-18厘米，宽3.5-6.5厘米，先端急尖，或短渐尖，基部阔楔形，或圆钝，边缘干膜质，下延至叶柄，上面暗绿色，下面浅绿色，初被平伏棉毛，后无毛；侧脉每边10-15条；叶柄长1-2厘米，托叶痕为叶柄长的1/5-1/3。花先叶开放，直径6-8厘米，芳香；花梗顶端膨大，长约1厘米，具3苞片脱落痕；花被9，外轮3片紫红色，近狭倒卵状条形，长约1厘米，中内两轮近匙形，白色，外面基部常紫红色，长4-5厘米，宽1.3-2.5厘米，内轮的较狭小；雄蕊长8-10毫米，花药长4-5毫米，花丝长3-4毫米，紫色；雌蕊群长1.5-2厘米。聚合果圆柱形，长8-14厘米，常因部分不育而扭曲；果梗长约1厘米，径约7毫米，残留长绢毛；蓇葖浅褐色，近圆形，侧扁，具凸起瘤点；种子心形，外种皮鲜红色，内种皮深黑色，顶端凹陷，具V形槽，中部凸起，腹部具深沟，末端短尖不明显。花期3月，果熟期9月。
分布（Distribution）：产陕西、甘肃、河南、湖北、四川等省，生于海拔600-2100米的山林间。
用途（Use）：花可提出浸膏作香精；本种为优良的庭园绿化树种。亦可作玉兰及其他同属种类的砧木。经考证，本种是中药辛夷的正品。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 7 Page 51, 71, 74, 76, 77
Yulania biondii (Pampanini) D. L. Fu, J. Wuhan Bot. Res. 19: 198. 2001.
望春玉兰 wang chun yu lan| Magnoliaceae | Yulania
Magnolia biondii Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 17: 275. 1910; M. aulacosperma Rehder & E. H. Wilson; M. biondii var. axilliflora T. B. Chao et al.; M. biondii var. flava T. B. Chao et al.; M. biondii var. latitepala T. B. Chao & J. T. Gao ["tatitepala"]; M. biondii var. multialabastra T. B. Chao et al.; M. biondii var. ovata T. B. Chao & T. X. Zhang; M. biondii var. planities T. B. Chao & Y. Z. Qiao; M. conspicua Salisbury var. fargesii Finet & Gagnepain; M. denudata Desrousseaux var. fargesii (Finet & Gagnepain) Pampanini; M. fargesii (Finet & Gagnepain) W. C. Cheng; M. funiushanensis T. B. Chao et al.; M. funiushanensis var. purpurea T. B. Chao & J. T. Gao; Yulania biondii var. angustitepala D. L. Fu et al.
Trees, to 12 m tall, to 1 m d.b.h. Bark pale gray, smooth. Twigs grayish green, 3-4 mm in diam., glabrous; terminal buds ovoid to broadly ovoid, 1.7-3 cm, densely pale yellow opened villous. Stipular scar 1/5-1/3 as long as petiole. Petiole 1-2 cm; leaf blade narrowly elliptic, narrowly ovate, narrowly obovate, or ovate, 10-18 × 3.5-6.5 cm, abaxially light green and appressed lanate but later glabrescent, adaxially dark green, secondary veins 10-15 on each side of midvein, base broadly cuneate to obtuse and decurrent on petiole, margin dry membranous, apex acute to shortly acuminate. Peduncle ca. 1 cm, with 3 bract scars, apically swollen. Flowers appearing before leaves, 6-8 cm in diam., fragrant. Tepals 9; outer 3 tepals sepaloid, purplish red, nearly narrowly obovate-linear, ca. 1 cm; tepals of middle and inner whorls white but usually outside purplish red at base, spoon-shaped, 4-5 × 1.3-2.5 cm; tepals of inner whorls smaller and narrower. Stamens 8-10 mm; filaments purple, 3-4 mm; anthers 4-5 mm. Gynoecium 1.5-2 cm. Fruiting peduncle ca. 1 × 0.7 cm, with residual long sericeous trichomes. Fruit cylindric, 8-14 cm, usually withered because of carpels partly undeveloped; mature carpels light brown, suborbicular, compressed laterally, tuberculate. Seeds cordate, with a V-shaped furrow prominent in middle, abaxially deeply furrowed, apically concave, apex inconspicuously acute; testa bright red; endotesta dark black. Fl. Mar, fr. Sep. 2n = 76*.
● Forests; 600-2100 m. Chongqing, SE Gansu, Henan, Hubei, N Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan.
This species is grown as an ornamental and used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Yulania biondii (Pamp.) D. L. Fu
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Magnolia biondii Pampan. Magnolia biondii var. flava T. B. Chao, H. T. Gao et Y. Ren Magnolia fargesii (Finet et Gagnep.) W. C. Cheng Magnolia funiushanensis var. purpurea T. B. Chao et J. T. Gao Magnolia aulacosperma Rehder et E. H. Wilson Magnolia conspicua var. fargesii Finet et Gagnep. Magnolia biondii f. purpurascens Y. W. Law et Z. Y. Gao Magnolia denudata var. fargesii (Finet et Gagnep.) Pamp. Magnolia biondii var. ovata T. B. Chao et T. X. Zhang Magnolia biondii var. planities T. B. Chao et Y. Z. Qiao Magnolia biondii var. axilliflora T. B. Chao, T. X. Zhang et J. T. Tao Magnolia biondii var. latitepala T. B. Chao et J. T. Gao Magnolia funiushanensis T. B. Chao, J. T. Gao et Y. H. Ren Yulania biondii var. angustitepala D. L. Fu, T. B. Zhao et D. W. Zhao Magnolia henanensis B. Y. Ding et T. B. Chao Magnolia axilliflora (T. B. Chao, T. X.Zhang et J. T. Tao) T. B. Chao
科属（Family & Genus）：木兰科（Magnoliaceae）玉兰属
形态特征（Description）：落叶乔木，高可达12米，胸径达1米；树皮淡灰色，光滑；小枝细长，灰绿色，直径3-4毫米，无毛；顶芽卵圆形或宽卵圆形，长1.7-3厘米，密被淡黄色展开长柔毛。叶椭圆状披针形、卵状披针形，狭倒卵或卵形长10-18厘米，宽3.5-6.5厘米，先端急尖，或短渐尖，基部阔楔形，或圆钝，边缘干膜质，下延至叶柄，上面暗绿色，下面浅绿色，初被平伏棉毛，后无毛；侧脉每边10-15条；叶柄长1-2厘米，托叶痕为叶柄长的1/5-1/3。花先叶开放，直径6-8厘米，芳香；花梗顶端膨大，长约1厘米，具3苞片脱落痕；花被9，外轮3片紫红色，近狭倒卵状条形，长约1厘米，中内两轮近匙形，白色，外面基部常紫红色，长4-5厘米，宽1.3-2.5厘米，内轮的较狭小；雄蕊长8-10毫米，花药长4-5毫米，花丝长3-4毫米，紫色；雌蕊群长1.5-2厘米。聚合果圆柱形，长8-14厘米，常因部分不育而扭曲；果梗长约1厘米，径约7毫米，残留长绢毛；蓇葖浅褐色，近圆形，侧扁，具凸起瘤点；种子心形，外种皮鲜红色，内种皮深黑色，顶端凹陷，具V形槽，中部凸起，腹部具深沟，末端短尖不明显。花期3月，果熟期9月。
分布（Distribution）：产陕西、甘肃、河南、湖北、四川等省，生于海拔600-2100米的山林间。
用途（Use）：花可提出浸膏作香精；本种为优良的庭园绿化树种。亦可作玉兰及其他同属种类的砧木。经考证，本种是中药辛夷的正品。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 7 Page 51, 71, 74, 76, 77
Yulania biondii (Pampanini) D. L. Fu, J. Wuhan Bot. Res. 19: 198. 2001.
望春玉兰 wang chun yu lan| Magnoliaceae | Yulania
Magnolia biondii Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 17: 275. 1910; M. aulacosperma Rehder & E. H. Wilson; M. biondii var. axilliflora T. B. Chao et al.; M. biondii var. flava T. B. Chao et al.; M. biondii var. latitepala T. B. Chao & J. T. Gao ["tatitepala"]; M. biondii var. multialabastra T. B. Chao et al.; M. biondii var. ovata T. B. Chao & T. X. Zhang; M. biondii var. planities T. B. Chao & Y. Z. Qiao; M. conspicua Salisbury var. fargesii Finet & Gagnepain; M. denudata Desrousseaux var. fargesii (Finet & Gagnepain) Pampanini; M. fargesii (Finet & Gagnepain) W. C. Cheng; M. funiushanensis T. B. Chao et al.; M. funiushanensis var. purpurea T. B. Chao & J. T. Gao; Yulania biondii var. angustitepala D. L. Fu et al.
Trees, to 12 m tall, to 1 m d.b.h. Bark pale gray, smooth. Twigs grayish green, 3-4 mm in diam., glabrous; terminal buds ovoid to broadly ovoid, 1.7-3 cm, densely pale yellow opened villous. Stipular scar 1/5-1/3 as long as petiole. Petiole 1-2 cm; leaf blade narrowly elliptic, narrowly ovate, narrowly obovate, or ovate, 10-18 × 3.5-6.5 cm, abaxially light green and appressed lanate but later glabrescent, adaxially dark green, secondary veins 10-15 on each side of midvein, base broadly cuneate to obtuse and decurrent on petiole, margin dry membranous, apex acute to shortly acuminate. Peduncle ca. 1 cm, with 3 bract scars, apically swollen. Flowers appearing before leaves, 6-8 cm in diam., fragrant. Tepals 9; outer 3 tepals sepaloid, purplish red, nearly narrowly obovate-linear, ca. 1 cm; tepals of middle and inner whorls white but usually outside purplish red at base, spoon-shaped, 4-5 × 1.3-2.5 cm; tepals of inner whorls smaller and narrower. Stamens 8-10 mm; filaments purple, 3-4 mm; anthers 4-5 mm. Gynoecium 1.5-2 cm. Fruiting peduncle ca. 1 × 0.7 cm, with residual long sericeous trichomes. Fruit cylindric, 8-14 cm, usually withered because of carpels partly undeveloped; mature carpels light brown, suborbicular, compressed laterally, tuberculate. Seeds cordate, with a V-shaped furrow prominent in middle, abaxially deeply furrowed, apically concave, apex inconspicuously acute; testa bright red; endotesta dark black. Fl. Mar, fr. Sep. 2n = 76*.
● Forests; 600-2100 m. Chongqing, SE Gansu, Henan, Hubei, N Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan.
This species is grown as an ornamental and used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）踩一下[1]
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