花榈木Ormosia henryi
中文名（Chinese Name）：花榈木
学名（Scientific Name）：Ormosia henryi Prain
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：花梨木、红豆树
异名（Synonym）：Fedorovia henryi (Prain) Yakovlev Ormosia mollis Dunn
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae红豆属
形态特征（Description）：常绿乔木，高16米，胸径可达40厘米；树皮灰绿色。平滑，有浅裂纹。小枝、叶轴、花序密被茸毛。奇数羽状复叶，长13-32.5（-35）厘米；小叶（1-）2-3对，革质，椭圆形或长圆状椭圆形，长4.3-13.5 (-17)厘米，宽2.3-6.8厘米，先端钝或短尖，基部圆或宽楔形，叶缘微反卷，上面深绿色，光滑无毛，下面及叶柄均密被黄褐色绒毛，侧脉6-11对，与中脉成45°角；小叶柄长3-6毫米。圆锥花序顶生，或总状花序腋生；长11-17厘米，密被淡褐色茸毛；花长2厘米，径2厘米；花梗长7-12毫米；花萼钟形，5齿裂，裂至三分之二处，萼齿三角状卵形，内外均密被褐色绒毛；花冠中央淡绿色，边缘绿色微带淡紫，旗瓣近圆形，基部具胼服体，半圆形，不凹或上部中央微凹，翼瓣倒卵状长圆形，淡紫绿色，长约1.4厘米，宽约1厘米，柄长3毫米，龙骨瓣倒卵状长圆形，长约1.6厘米，宽约7毫米，柄长3.5毫米；雄蕊10，分离，长1.3-2.5厘米，不等长，花丝淡绿色，花药淡灰紫色；子房扁，沿缝线密被淡褐色长毛，其余无毛，胚珠9-10粒，花柱线形，柱头偏斜。荚果扁平，长椭圆形，长5-12厘米，宽1.5-4厘米，顶端有喙，果颈长约5毫米，果瓣革质，厚2-3毫米，紫褐色，无毛，内壁有横隔膜，有种子4-8粒，稀1-2粒；种子椭圆形或卵形，长8-15毫米，种皮鲜红色，有光泽，种脐长约3毫米，位于短轴一端。花期7-8月，果期10-11月。
分布（Distribution）：产安徽、浙江、江西、湖南、湖北、广东、四川、贵州、云南。生于海拔100-1300米山坡、溪谷两旁杂木林内。越南、泰国也有。
用途（Use）：木材致密质重，纹理美丽，可作轴承及细木家具用材；根、枝、叶入药，能祛风散结，解毒去瘀；又为绿化或防火树种。枝条折断时有臭气，浙南俗称臭桶柴。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 74, 81
Ormosia henryi Prain, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 69: 180. 1900.
花榈木 hua lü mu | Fabaceae | Ormosia
Fedorovia henryi (Prain) Yakovlev; Ormosia mollis Dunn.
Trees evergreen, to 16 m, to 40 cm d.b.h. Bark of stems grayish green, smooth, shallowly striate. Branchlets, rachis, and inflorescence densely appressed tawny tomentose. Leaves imparipinnate, 13-32.5(-35) cm; leaflets (3-)5-7; petiolule 3-6 mm; blades elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 4.3-13.5(-17) × 2.3-6.8 cm, leathery, abaxial surface and petiole densely appressed yellowish brown tomentose, adaxial surface dark green and glabrous, base rounded or broadly cuneate, sometimes slightly cordate, margin slightly repand, apex broadly rounded or acute, blunt or mucronate; lateral veins 6-11 pairs, angled 45° with midvein. Panicles terminal, or racemes axillary, (8-)11-17 cm, densely appressed brownish tomentose. Flowers ca. 2 × 2 cm; pedicel 7-12 mm. Calyx campanulate, 5.5-6 mm; teeth ca. 2/3 length of calyx, triangular-ovate, densely appressed brownish tomentose on both surfaces. Corolla greenish white, darker at center, margin green and slightly purplish; standard suborbicular, apex rounded or retuse, claw thickened; wings purplish green, obovate-oblong, ca. 1.4 × 1 cm, claw ca. 3 mm; keel obovate-oblong, ca. 1.6 × 0.7 cm, claw ca. 3.5 mm. Stamens free, 1.3-2.5 cm, unequal; filaments light green; anthers light grayish purple. Ovary flattened, densely appressed brownish villous along suture, otherwise glabrous; ovules 9 or 10; style filiform; stigma oblique. Legumes compressed, oblong, 5-12 × 1.5-4 cm, apex beaked, stipe ca. 5 mm; valves purplish brown, 2-3 mm thick, leathery, glabrous, internally septate. Seeds (1-)4-8, red-brown to scarlet, ellipsoid or ovoid, 0.8-1.5 cm, glossy; hilum ca. 3 mm. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Oct-Nov.
● Mountain slopes, streamsides in mixed forests; 100-1300 m. Anhui, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, SE Yunnan, Zhejiang.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Ormosia henryi Prain
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：花梨木、红豆树
异名（Synonym）：Fedorovia henryi (Prain) Yakovlev Ormosia mollis Dunn
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae红豆属
形态特征（Description）：常绿乔木，高16米，胸径可达40厘米；树皮灰绿色。平滑，有浅裂纹。小枝、叶轴、花序密被茸毛。奇数羽状复叶，长13-32.5（-35）厘米；小叶（1-）2-3对，革质，椭圆形或长圆状椭圆形，长4.3-13.5 (-17)厘米，宽2.3-6.8厘米，先端钝或短尖，基部圆或宽楔形，叶缘微反卷，上面深绿色，光滑无毛，下面及叶柄均密被黄褐色绒毛，侧脉6-11对，与中脉成45°角；小叶柄长3-6毫米。圆锥花序顶生，或总状花序腋生；长11-17厘米，密被淡褐色茸毛；花长2厘米，径2厘米；花梗长7-12毫米；花萼钟形，5齿裂，裂至三分之二处，萼齿三角状卵形，内外均密被褐色绒毛；花冠中央淡绿色，边缘绿色微带淡紫，旗瓣近圆形，基部具胼服体，半圆形，不凹或上部中央微凹，翼瓣倒卵状长圆形，淡紫绿色，长约1.4厘米，宽约1厘米，柄长3毫米，龙骨瓣倒卵状长圆形，长约1.6厘米，宽约7毫米，柄长3.5毫米；雄蕊10，分离，长1.3-2.5厘米，不等长，花丝淡绿色，花药淡灰紫色；子房扁，沿缝线密被淡褐色长毛，其余无毛，胚珠9-10粒，花柱线形，柱头偏斜。荚果扁平，长椭圆形，长5-12厘米，宽1.5-4厘米，顶端有喙，果颈长约5毫米，果瓣革质，厚2-3毫米，紫褐色，无毛，内壁有横隔膜，有种子4-8粒，稀1-2粒；种子椭圆形或卵形，长8-15毫米，种皮鲜红色，有光泽，种脐长约3毫米，位于短轴一端。花期7-8月，果期10-11月。
分布（Distribution）：产安徽、浙江、江西、湖南、湖北、广东、四川、贵州、云南。生于海拔100-1300米山坡、溪谷两旁杂木林内。越南、泰国也有。
用途（Use）：木材致密质重，纹理美丽，可作轴承及细木家具用材；根、枝、叶入药，能祛风散结，解毒去瘀；又为绿化或防火树种。枝条折断时有臭气，浙南俗称臭桶柴。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 74, 81
Ormosia henryi Prain, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 69: 180. 1900.
花榈木 hua lü mu | Fabaceae | Ormosia
Fedorovia henryi (Prain) Yakovlev; Ormosia mollis Dunn.
Trees evergreen, to 16 m, to 40 cm d.b.h. Bark of stems grayish green, smooth, shallowly striate. Branchlets, rachis, and inflorescence densely appressed tawny tomentose. Leaves imparipinnate, 13-32.5(-35) cm; leaflets (3-)5-7; petiolule 3-6 mm; blades elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 4.3-13.5(-17) × 2.3-6.8 cm, leathery, abaxial surface and petiole densely appressed yellowish brown tomentose, adaxial surface dark green and glabrous, base rounded or broadly cuneate, sometimes slightly cordate, margin slightly repand, apex broadly rounded or acute, blunt or mucronate; lateral veins 6-11 pairs, angled 45° with midvein. Panicles terminal, or racemes axillary, (8-)11-17 cm, densely appressed brownish tomentose. Flowers ca. 2 × 2 cm; pedicel 7-12 mm. Calyx campanulate, 5.5-6 mm; teeth ca. 2/3 length of calyx, triangular-ovate, densely appressed brownish tomentose on both surfaces. Corolla greenish white, darker at center, margin green and slightly purplish; standard suborbicular, apex rounded or retuse, claw thickened; wings purplish green, obovate-oblong, ca. 1.4 × 1 cm, claw ca. 3 mm; keel obovate-oblong, ca. 1.6 × 0.7 cm, claw ca. 3.5 mm. Stamens free, 1.3-2.5 cm, unequal; filaments light green; anthers light grayish purple. Ovary flattened, densely appressed brownish villous along suture, otherwise glabrous; ovules 9 or 10; style filiform; stigma oblique. Legumes compressed, oblong, 5-12 × 1.5-4 cm, apex beaked, stipe ca. 5 mm; valves purplish brown, 2-3 mm thick, leathery, glabrous, internally septate. Seeds (1-)4-8, red-brown to scarlet, ellipsoid or ovoid, 0.8-1.5 cm, glossy; hilum ca. 3 mm. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Oct-Nov.
● Mountain slopes, streamsides in mixed forests; 100-1300 m. Anhui, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, SE Yunnan, Zhejiang.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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