合欢Albizia julibrissin

中文名(Chinese Name):合欢
学名(Scientific Name):Albizia julibrissin Durazz.
英文名(English Common Name):silktree
别名(Chinese Common Name):马缨花、绒花树
异名(Synonym):Albizia julibrissin f. tianshuiensis T. S. Yao  Acacia julibrissin (Durazz.) Willd.  Mimosa julibrissin (Durazz) Scop.  Sericandra julibrissin (Durazz) Raf.  Feuilleea julibrissin (Durazz.)Kuntze  Albizzia julibrissin Durazz.  Albizia nemu (Willd.)Benth.  Acacia nemu Willd.  Albizzia julibrissn
科属(Family & Genus):含羞草科,Mimosaceae合欢属
形态特征(Description):落叶乔木,高可达16米,树冠开展;小枝有棱角,嫩枝、花序和叶轴被绒毛或短柔毛。托叶线状披针形,较小叶小,早落。二回羽状复叶,总叶柄近基部及最顶一对羽片着生处各有1枚腺体;羽片4-12对,栽培的有时达20对;小叶10-30对,线形至长圆形,长6-12毫米,宽1-4毫米,向上偏斜,先端有小尖头,有缘毛,有时在下面或仅中脉上有短柔毛;中脉紧靠上边缘。头状花序于枝顶排成圆锥花序;花粉红色;花萼管状,长3毫米;花冠长8毫米,裂片三角形,长1.5毫米,花萼、花冠外均被短柔毛;花丝长2.5厘米。荚果带状,长9-15厘米,宽1.5-2.5厘米,嫩荚有柔毛,老荚无毛。花期6-7月;果期8-10月。
分布(Distribution):产我国东北至华南及西南部各省区。生于山坡或栽培。非洲、中亚至东亚均有分布。
用途(Use):本种生长迅速,能耐砂质土及干燥气侯,开花如绒簇,十分可爱,常植为城市行道树、观赏树。心材黄灰褐色,边材黄白色,耐久,多用于制家具;嫩叶可食,老叶可以洗衣服;树皮供药用,有驱虫之效。
引自植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 10 Page 62, 65
Albizia julibrissin Durazzini, Mag. Tosc. 3(4): 11. 1772.
合欢 he huan | Fabaceae  | Albizia
Trees, deciduous, to 16 m tall; crown open. Branchlets angular; branchlet, leaf rachis, and inflorescence tomentose or pubescent. Stipules deciduous, linear-lanceolate, smaller than leaflets; pinnae 4-12 pairs, sometimes to 20 pairs in cultivated species; glands near base of petiole and leaf rachis of uppermost pinnae; leaflets 10-30 pairs, obliquely linear to oblong, 6-12 × 1-4 mm, main vein close to upper margin, base truncate, mar­gin ciliate, apex apiculate. Panicles terminal. Flowers pink. Calyx tubiform, ca. 3 mm, pubescent. Corolla ca. 8 mm; lobes deltoid, ca. 1.5 mm. Filaments pink, ca. 2.5 cm. Legume strap-shaped, flat, 9-15 × 1.5-2.5 cm, glabrous. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 26*.
Widely cultivated in Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, ?Liaoning, ?Shaanxi, Shandong, Shan­xi, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [C, E, and SW Asia].
合欢Albizia julibrissin

合欢Albizia julibrissin

合欢Albizia julibrissin

合欢Albizia julibrissin
 
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