木竹子 Garcinia multiflora
中文名（Chinese Name）：木竹子
学名（Scientific Name）：Garcinia multiflora Champ. ex Benth.
英文名（English Common Name）：garcinia
别名（Chinese Common Name）：多花山竹子、山竹子
异名（Synonym）：Garcinia hainanensis Merr.
科属（Family & Genus）：藤黄科（Guttiferae）藤黄属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，稀灌木，高（3-)5-15米，胸径20-40厘米；树皮灰白色，粗糙；小枝绿色，具纵槽纹。叶片革质，卵形，长圆状卵形或长圆状倒卵形，长7-16(-20)厘米，宽3-6(-8)厘米，顶端急尖，渐尖或钝，基部楔形或宽楔形，边缘微反卷，干时背面苍绿色或褐色，中脉在上面下陷，下面隆起，侧脉纤细，10-15对，至近边缘处网结，网脉在表面不明显；叶柄长0.6-1.2厘米。花杂性，同株。雄花序成聚伞状圆锥花序式，长5-7厘米，有时单生，总梗和花梗具关节，雄花直径2-3厘米，花梗长0.8-1.5厘米；萼片2大2小，花瓣橙黄色，倒卵形，长为萼片的1.5倍，花丝合生成4束，高出于退化雌蕊，束柄长2-3毫米，每束约有花药50枚，聚合成头状，有时部分花药成分枝状，花药2室；退化雌蕊柱状，具明显的盾状柱头，4裂。雌花序有雌花1-5朵，退化雄蕊束短，束柄长约 1.5毫米，短于雌蕊；子房长圆形，上半部略宽，2室，无花柱，柱头大而厚，盾形。果卵圆形至倒卵圆形，长3-5厘米，直径2.5-3厘米，成熟时黄色，盾状柱头宿存。种子1-2，椭圆形，长2-2.5厘米。花期6-8月，果期11-12月，同时偶有花果并存。
分布（Distribution）：产台湾、福建、江西、湖南、广东、海南、广西、贵州、云南等省区。本种适应性较强，生于海拔100-1900米山坡疏林或密林中。越南北部也有。
用途（Use）：种子含油量51.22%，种仁含油量55.6%，可供制肥皂和机械润滑油用；树皮入药，有消炎功效，可治各种炎症；木材暗黄色，坚硬，可供舶板，家俱及工艺雕刻用材。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 41, 42, 43
Garcinia multiflora Champion ex Bentham, Hooker’s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 310. 1851.
木竹子 mu zhu zi | Clusiaceae | Garcinia
Garcinia hainanensis Merrill.
Trees, rarely shrubs, (3-)5-15 m tall, 20-40 cm in diam. Bark gray, scabrid. Twigs gray, angled. Petiole 0.6-1.2 cm; leaf blade abaxially glaucous-green or brown when dry, ovate, oblong-ovate, or oblong-obovate, 7-16(-20) × 3-6 cm, thinly leathery, midvein raised abaxially, impressed adaxially; secondary veins 10-15 pairs, slender, joining near leaf margin; tertiary veins and veinlets inconspicuous adaxially, base cuneate or broadly cuneate, margin somewhat recurved, apex acute, acuminate, or obtuse. Plant monoecious. Male flowers sometimes solitary, sometimes in a thyrse 5-7 cm, 2-3 cm in diam.; pedicels 0.8-1.5 cm; sepals 2 large, 2 small; petals orange, obovate, 1-5 × as long as sepals; stamen fascicles stalk 2-3 mm, each fascicle with 50 anthers; anthers aggregated into a head, 2-celled, cells longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode columnar; stigma distinctly peltate, 4-lobed. Female flowers 1-5; staminode fascicles short, stalk ca. 1.5 mm, shorter than pistil; ovary oblong, wider in upper half, 2-loculed; stigma sessile, peltate, large, thick. Mature fruit yellow, ovoid to obovoid, 3-5 × 2.5-3 cm, smooth. Seeds 1 or 2, oblong, 2-2.5 cm. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Nov-Dec, flowers and fruit appear occasionally at same time.
Open or dense forests on mountain slopes, valley margins, secondary forests, thickets; (100-)400-1200(-1900) m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S Guizhou, Hainan, SW Hunan, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [N Vietnam].
This is a widely adaptable species growing in various habitats and at various elevations.
The seeds yield up to 50% oil (seed pulp up to 55% oil). The oil is used for manufacturing soap or as a lubricant for machines. The bark is used as an external medicine to reduce inflammation. The timber is hard, and is used for making furniture, boats, and woodcuts.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Garcinia multiflora Champ. ex Benth.
英文名（English Common Name）：garcinia
别名（Chinese Common Name）：多花山竹子、山竹子
异名（Synonym）：Garcinia hainanensis Merr.
科属（Family & Genus）：藤黄科（Guttiferae）藤黄属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，稀灌木，高（3-)5-15米，胸径20-40厘米；树皮灰白色，粗糙；小枝绿色，具纵槽纹。叶片革质，卵形，长圆状卵形或长圆状倒卵形，长7-16(-20)厘米，宽3-6(-8)厘米，顶端急尖，渐尖或钝，基部楔形或宽楔形，边缘微反卷，干时背面苍绿色或褐色，中脉在上面下陷，下面隆起，侧脉纤细，10-15对，至近边缘处网结，网脉在表面不明显；叶柄长0.6-1.2厘米。花杂性，同株。雄花序成聚伞状圆锥花序式，长5-7厘米，有时单生，总梗和花梗具关节，雄花直径2-3厘米，花梗长0.8-1.5厘米；萼片2大2小，花瓣橙黄色，倒卵形，长为萼片的1.5倍，花丝合生成4束，高出于退化雌蕊，束柄长2-3毫米，每束约有花药50枚，聚合成头状，有时部分花药成分枝状，花药2室；退化雌蕊柱状，具明显的盾状柱头，4裂。雌花序有雌花1-5朵，退化雄蕊束短，束柄长约 1.5毫米，短于雌蕊；子房长圆形，上半部略宽，2室，无花柱，柱头大而厚，盾形。果卵圆形至倒卵圆形，长3-5厘米，直径2.5-3厘米，成熟时黄色，盾状柱头宿存。种子1-2，椭圆形，长2-2.5厘米。花期6-8月，果期11-12月，同时偶有花果并存。
分布（Distribution）：产台湾、福建、江西、湖南、广东、海南、广西、贵州、云南等省区。本种适应性较强，生于海拔100-1900米山坡疏林或密林中。越南北部也有。
用途（Use）：种子含油量51.22%，种仁含油量55.6%，可供制肥皂和机械润滑油用；树皮入药，有消炎功效，可治各种炎症；木材暗黄色，坚硬，可供舶板，家俱及工艺雕刻用材。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 41, 42, 43
Garcinia multiflora Champion ex Bentham, Hooker’s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 310. 1851.
木竹子 mu zhu zi | Clusiaceae | Garcinia
Garcinia hainanensis Merrill.
Trees, rarely shrubs, (3-)5-15 m tall, 20-40 cm in diam. Bark gray, scabrid. Twigs gray, angled. Petiole 0.6-1.2 cm; leaf blade abaxially glaucous-green or brown when dry, ovate, oblong-ovate, or oblong-obovate, 7-16(-20) × 3-6 cm, thinly leathery, midvein raised abaxially, impressed adaxially; secondary veins 10-15 pairs, slender, joining near leaf margin; tertiary veins and veinlets inconspicuous adaxially, base cuneate or broadly cuneate, margin somewhat recurved, apex acute, acuminate, or obtuse. Plant monoecious. Male flowers sometimes solitary, sometimes in a thyrse 5-7 cm, 2-3 cm in diam.; pedicels 0.8-1.5 cm; sepals 2 large, 2 small; petals orange, obovate, 1-5 × as long as sepals; stamen fascicles stalk 2-3 mm, each fascicle with 50 anthers; anthers aggregated into a head, 2-celled, cells longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode columnar; stigma distinctly peltate, 4-lobed. Female flowers 1-5; staminode fascicles short, stalk ca. 1.5 mm, shorter than pistil; ovary oblong, wider in upper half, 2-loculed; stigma sessile, peltate, large, thick. Mature fruit yellow, ovoid to obovoid, 3-5 × 2.5-3 cm, smooth. Seeds 1 or 2, oblong, 2-2.5 cm. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Nov-Dec, flowers and fruit appear occasionally at same time.
Open or dense forests on mountain slopes, valley margins, secondary forests, thickets; (100-)400-1200(-1900) m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S Guizhou, Hainan, SW Hunan, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [N Vietnam].
This is a widely adaptable species growing in various habitats and at various elevations.
The seeds yield up to 50% oil (seed pulp up to 55% oil). The oil is used for manufacturing soap or as a lubricant for machines. The bark is used as an external medicine to reduce inflammation. The timber is hard, and is used for making furniture, boats, and woodcuts.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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