野龙竹Dendrocalamus semiscandens

中文名(Chinese Name): 野龙竹
学名(Scientific Name):Dendrocalamus semiscandens Hsueh et D. Z. Li
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):
科属(Family & Genus):禾本科(Gramineae)
形态特征(Description):竿直立,有时梢端下垂作攀援状而斜倚他物,高(7)10-18米,直径(6)10-15厘米;节间长29-35(-60)厘米,幼时密被银白色绒毛;节内长0.5-1厘米,其内与节下方均有一圈白色厚密绒毛环;枝下高0.5米,竿每节分多枝,主枝1(或有时无),可发达至与竿近同粗,而使竿呈半攀援状。箨鞘早落性,革质,背部被棕褐色小刺毛,先端圆拱形,两肩有突出的小尖头;箨耳无;箨舌高1毫米,近全缘;箨片直立,基部与箨鞘口部近同宽,背面纵脉与箨鞘的肋纹相连通。末级小枝具6-12叶;叶鞘被贴生的白色小刺毛;无叶耳;叶舌高3-5毫米;叶片长25-35厘米,宽3-4.5厘米,下表面有时具柔毛,次脉10-12对。花枝的节间长2.8-4.5厘米,一侧扁平或具沟槽,在扁平面或沟槽内被有早落的黄棕色柔毛,每节着生30-40枚假小穗,其所形成簇团的直径为(1) 1.9-3.2厘米;小穗倒卵状三角形,长1-1.3厘米,宽4-7.5毫米,枯草色,无毛,质地柔软,先端钝,含4或5朵小花;颖1-3片,长7毫米,宽4毫米,具8脉;外稃纸质,长8.5-9.5毫米,宽5-6毫米,具多脉,先端具长为0.5毫米的刺状微小尖头;内稃长7.5-8毫米,脊间宽1毫米,其间具2或3脉,最上方小花的内稃无脊,具4脉,各自在先端均微凹;花丝长7毫米,花药长3.7毫米,黄色,或先端呈紫色,具尖头;花柱长6毫米,亦为紫色;柱头单一,具帚刷状微毛。果实金黄色,下半部无毛,上端及喙状物均具白色短绢毛,喙长1.5毫米。花期9月。
分布(Distribution):产云南省南部至西南部。自然分布在海拔500-1000米地带。
用途(Use):笋味鲜美,是开发笋用竹的入选竹种。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 22 Page 40, 42
Dendrocalamus semiscandens Hsueh & D. Z. Li, J. Bamboo Res. 8(1): 28. 1989.
野龙竹 ye long zhu  | Poaceae  | Dendrocalamus
Culms (7–)10–18 m, (6–)10–15 cm in diam.; internodes 29–35(–60) cm. Branches several, central dominant. Culm sheaths deciduous, leathery, abaxially brown hairy, apex rounded; auricles absent; ligule ca. 1 mm; blade erect. Leaf sheaths white hairy; ligule 3–5 mm; blade 25–35 × 3–4.5 cm. Pseudospikelets 30–40 per node; clusters (1–)1.9–3.2 cm in diam. Spikelets obovate-triangular, 10–13 × 4–7.5 mm; florets 4 or 5. Glumes 1–3; lemma 8.5–9.5 × 5–6 mm, apex long mucronate; palea 7.5–8 mm. Filaments ca. 7 mm; anthers yellow, ca. 3.7 mm, apiculate. Style purple, ca. 6 mm; stigma 1. Caryopsis golden, with a beak ca. 1.5 mm, basally glabrous, distally including beak white pubescent.
* 500–1000 m. Yunnan.
This bamboo is not yet well distinguished from the widely distributed and variable Dendrocalamus hamiltonii.
After publication of the family treatment for the Flora of China, it was determined that the name is a synonym of D. hamiltonii (see Guo Yongbing & XIA Nianhe. J. Trop. Subtrop. Bot. 18(2): 133-136. 2010).
 野龙竹Dendrocalamus semiscandens

 野龙竹Dendrocalamus semiscandens(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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