粉单竹 Bambusa chungii
中文名(Chinese Name):粉单竹
学名(Scientific Name):Bambusa chungii McClure
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Lingnania chungii (McClure) McClure Lingnania chungii var. petilla T. H. Wen Bambusa chungii var. petilla (T.H.Wen) Ohrnb. Lingnania chungii var. barbellata Q.H.Dai
科属(Family & Genus):禾本科(Gramineae)簕竹属
形态特征(Description):竿直立,顶端微弯曲,高(3)5-10(18)米,直径3-5(7)厘米;节间幼时被白色蜡粉,无毛,一般长30-45厘米,惟最长者可达1米或更长,竿壁厚3-5毫米;竿环平坦;箨环稍隆起,最初在节下方密生一圈向下的棕色刺毛环,以后则渐变无毛。捧鞘早落,质薄而硬,脱落后在箨环留存一圈窄的木栓环,幼时在背面被白蜡粉及稀疏贴生的小刺毛,以后刺毛脱落,致使箨鞘背面之上部变为无毛,但向基部则仍有宿存之暗色柔毛;箨耳呈窄带形,边缘生淡色繸毛,后者长而纤细,有光泽;箨舌高约1.5毫米,先端截平或隆起,上缘具梳齿状裂刻或具长流苏状毛;箨片淡黄绿色,强烈外翻,脱落性,卵状披针形,先端渐尖而边缘内卷,基部呈圆形向内收窄,基底宽度约为箨鞘先端的1/5>背面多少有些密生小刺毛,腹面无毛而微糙涩;竿的分枝习性高,常自第八节开始,以数枝乃至多枝簇生,枝彼此粗细近相等,无毛,但被蜡粉;末级小枝大都具7叶;叶鞘无毛;叶耳及鞘口繸毛常甚发达,但有时亦可不很显著,当存在时其质脆,易早落;叶片质地较厚,披针形乃至线状披针形,大小有变化,一般长10-16(20)厘米,宽1-2(3-5)厘米,上表面沿中脉基部渐粗糙,下表面起初被微毛,以后则渐变为无毛,先端渐尖,基部的两侧不对称,次脉5或6对。花枝极细长,无叶,通常每节仅生1或2枚假小穗,后者宽卵形,长可达2厘米,无毛,先端渐尖,含4或5朵小花,后者形肿胀,最下方之1或2朵小花较大,上部的1或2朵则退化;具芽苞片1或2;颖1或2片;小穗轴节间无毛,甚短,但向上则逐渐较长,质柔,中空;外稃宽卵形,长9-12毫米,先端钝但具细尖头,背面无毛,边缘被纤毛;内稃与外稃近等长,先端钝或截平,纵脉不明显,脊上无毛,边缘被纤毛;鳞被3,近相等,背面具粗硬小毛,顶端生纤毛;花药顶端具短细的芒状尖头;子房先端被粗硬毛,花柱长1-2毫米,柱头3或2,呈疏稀羽毛状。未成熟果实的果皮在上部变硬,干后呈三角形,成熟颖果呈卵形,长8-9毫米,深棕色,腹面有沟槽。
分布(Distribution):华南特产,分布湖南南部、福建、广东、广西。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 22 Page 32, 33
Bambusa chungii McClure, Lingnan Sci. J. 15: 639. 1936.
粉箪竹 fen dan zhu | Poaceae | Bambusa
Lingnania chungii (McClure) McClure; L. chungii var. petilla T. H. Wen.
Culms 5–10(–18) m, 3–5(–7) cm in diam.; internodes 30–45(–100) cm, initially white powdery, glabrous; wall 3–5 mm thick; nodes flat; sheath scars corky, initially with a ring of dense, brown hairs; branching from distal nodes only. Branches many, subequal. Culm sheaths deciduous, thinly leathery, initially white powdery, silky hairy, apex later glabrous, concave; auricles narrowly oblong, glossy; ligule ca. 1.5 mm, serrulate or long fimbriate; blade deciduous, strongly reflexed, base 1/5–1/3 as wide as sheath apex, adaxially hispidulous. Leaf sheaths glabrous; auricles usually developed; oral setae straight; blade lanceolate, 10–16(–20) × 1–2(–3.5) cm. Pseudospikelets ca. 2 cm; gemmiferous bracts 1 or 2; florets 4 or 5. Glumes 1 or 2; lemma 9–12 mm; palea about as long as lemma. Styles 1–2 mm; stigmas 3 or 2. Caryopsis triangular, 8–9 mm.
* Lowland hilly areas; 100–500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S Hunan, SE Yunnan.
The culms are used for weaving and papermaking. The species is also planted as an ornamental because of the dense, persistent, white wax on the culms.
(责任编辑:徐晔春)
学名(Scientific Name):Bambusa chungii McClure
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Lingnania chungii (McClure) McClure Lingnania chungii var. petilla T. H. Wen Bambusa chungii var. petilla (T.H.Wen) Ohrnb. Lingnania chungii var. barbellata Q.H.Dai
科属(Family & Genus):禾本科(Gramineae)簕竹属
形态特征(Description):竿直立,顶端微弯曲,高(3)5-10(18)米,直径3-5(7)厘米;节间幼时被白色蜡粉,无毛,一般长30-45厘米,惟最长者可达1米或更长,竿壁厚3-5毫米;竿环平坦;箨环稍隆起,最初在节下方密生一圈向下的棕色刺毛环,以后则渐变无毛。捧鞘早落,质薄而硬,脱落后在箨环留存一圈窄的木栓环,幼时在背面被白蜡粉及稀疏贴生的小刺毛,以后刺毛脱落,致使箨鞘背面之上部变为无毛,但向基部则仍有宿存之暗色柔毛;箨耳呈窄带形,边缘生淡色繸毛,后者长而纤细,有光泽;箨舌高约1.5毫米,先端截平或隆起,上缘具梳齿状裂刻或具长流苏状毛;箨片淡黄绿色,强烈外翻,脱落性,卵状披针形,先端渐尖而边缘内卷,基部呈圆形向内收窄,基底宽度约为箨鞘先端的1/5>背面多少有些密生小刺毛,腹面无毛而微糙涩;竿的分枝习性高,常自第八节开始,以数枝乃至多枝簇生,枝彼此粗细近相等,无毛,但被蜡粉;末级小枝大都具7叶;叶鞘无毛;叶耳及鞘口繸毛常甚发达,但有时亦可不很显著,当存在时其质脆,易早落;叶片质地较厚,披针形乃至线状披针形,大小有变化,一般长10-16(20)厘米,宽1-2(3-5)厘米,上表面沿中脉基部渐粗糙,下表面起初被微毛,以后则渐变为无毛,先端渐尖,基部的两侧不对称,次脉5或6对。花枝极细长,无叶,通常每节仅生1或2枚假小穗,后者宽卵形,长可达2厘米,无毛,先端渐尖,含4或5朵小花,后者形肿胀,最下方之1或2朵小花较大,上部的1或2朵则退化;具芽苞片1或2;颖1或2片;小穗轴节间无毛,甚短,但向上则逐渐较长,质柔,中空;外稃宽卵形,长9-12毫米,先端钝但具细尖头,背面无毛,边缘被纤毛;内稃与外稃近等长,先端钝或截平,纵脉不明显,脊上无毛,边缘被纤毛;鳞被3,近相等,背面具粗硬小毛,顶端生纤毛;花药顶端具短细的芒状尖头;子房先端被粗硬毛,花柱长1-2毫米,柱头3或2,呈疏稀羽毛状。未成熟果实的果皮在上部变硬,干后呈三角形,成熟颖果呈卵形,长8-9毫米,深棕色,腹面有沟槽。
分布(Distribution):华南特产,分布湖南南部、福建、广东、广西。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 22 Page 32, 33
Bambusa chungii McClure, Lingnan Sci. J. 15: 639. 1936.
粉箪竹 fen dan zhu | Poaceae | Bambusa
Lingnania chungii (McClure) McClure; L. chungii var. petilla T. H. Wen.
Culms 5–10(–18) m, 3–5(–7) cm in diam.; internodes 30–45(–100) cm, initially white powdery, glabrous; wall 3–5 mm thick; nodes flat; sheath scars corky, initially with a ring of dense, brown hairs; branching from distal nodes only. Branches many, subequal. Culm sheaths deciduous, thinly leathery, initially white powdery, silky hairy, apex later glabrous, concave; auricles narrowly oblong, glossy; ligule ca. 1.5 mm, serrulate or long fimbriate; blade deciduous, strongly reflexed, base 1/5–1/3 as wide as sheath apex, adaxially hispidulous. Leaf sheaths glabrous; auricles usually developed; oral setae straight; blade lanceolate, 10–16(–20) × 1–2(–3.5) cm. Pseudospikelets ca. 2 cm; gemmiferous bracts 1 or 2; florets 4 or 5. Glumes 1 or 2; lemma 9–12 mm; palea about as long as lemma. Styles 1–2 mm; stigmas 3 or 2. Caryopsis triangular, 8–9 mm.
* Lowland hilly areas; 100–500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S Hunan, SE Yunnan.
The culms are used for weaving and papermaking. The species is also planted as an ornamental because of the dense, persistent, white wax on the culms.
(责任编辑:徐晔春)
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