晃伞枫Heteropanax fragrans
中文名(Chinese Name):晃伞枫
学名(Scientific Name):Heteropanax fragrans (Roxb.) Seem.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):大蛇药、五加通
异名(Synonym):Heteropanax fragrans var. subcordatus C. B. Clarke;Heteropanax fragrans var. attenuatus C. B. Clarke;Heteropanax fragrans var. ferrugineus Y. F. Deng
科属(Family & Genus):五加科(Araliaceae)幌伞枫属
形态特征(Description):常绿乔木,高5-30米,胸径达70厘米,树皮淡灰棕色,枝无刺。叶大,三至五回羽状复叶,直径达50-100厘米;叶柄长15-30厘米,无毛或几无毛;托叶小,和叶柄基部合生;小叶片在羽片轴上对生,纸质,椭圆形,长5.5-13厘米,宽3.5-6厘米,先端短尖,基部楔形,两面均无毛,边缘全缘,侧脉6-10对,下面隆起,两面明显;小叶柄长至1厘米或无柄,顶生小叶柄有时更长。圆锥花序顶生,长30-40厘米,主轴及分枝密生锈色星状绒毛,后毛脱落;伞形花序头状,直径约1.2厘米,有花多数;总花梗长1-1.5厘米;苞片小,卵形,长2-3毫米,宿存;花梗长1-2毫米,花后延长;花淡黄白色,芳香;萼有绒毛,长约2毫米,边缘有5个三角形小齿;花瓣5,卵形,长约2毫米,外面疏生绒毛;雄蕊5,花丝长约3毫米;子房2室;花柱2,离生,开展。果实卵球形,略侧扁,长7毫米,厚3-5毫米,黑色,宿存花柱长约2毫米,果梗长约8毫米。花期10-12月,果期次年2-3月。
分布(Distribution):产云南、广西、广东等地,生于海拔数十米至1000米的森林中。东南亚也有。
用途(Use):风景树根皮治烧伤、疖肿、蛇伤及风热感冒,髓心利尿。树冠圆整,可栽培作为庭园。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 474
Heteropanax fragrans (Roxburgh ex Candolle) Seemann, Fl. Vit. 114. 1866.
幌伞枫 huang san feng | Araliaceae | Heteropanax
Panax fragrans Roxburgh ex Candolle, Prodr. 4: 254. 1830; Heteropanax fragrans var. attenuatus C. B. Clarke; H. fragrans var. ferrugineus Y. F. Deng; H. fragrans var. subcordatus C. B. Clarke.
Trees, to 30 m tall. Leaves 3-5-pinnately compound, 50-100 cm; petiole 15-450 cm, glabrous; leaflets opposite, subsessile or with petiolules to ca. 1 cm, elliptic to elliptic-ovate, (3-)5.5-13 × (1.5-)3.5-6 cm, papery, both surfaces glabrous, lateral veins 6-10 pairs, distinct on both surfaces, base cuneate to rounded, margin entire, minutely revolute, apex shortly acuminate. Inflorescence densely ferruginous stellate tomentose, glabrescent; primary axis to 30 cm or more; secondary axes to 40 cm; peduncles to 9 cm; umbels of bisexual flowers 2-2.5 cm in diam., umbels of male flowers 1-1.5 cm in diam.; pedicels 4-8 mm, elongating in fruit. Fruit ovoid-globose to oblate or slightly didymous, weakly compressed laterally, 5-7 × 3-5 mm at maturity, 2-3 mm thick; styles persistent, ca. 2 mm; pedicels ca. 8 mm. Fl. Oct-Dec, fr. Feb-Apr.
Hills, forests in valleys, or cultivated in gardens, near sea level to 1000 m. S Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, SE Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
This species is used medicinally and for timber.(责任编辑:徐晔春)
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