李Prunus salicina
中文名（Chinese Name）：李
学名（Scientific Name）：Prunus salicina Lindl.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：嘉庆子
异名（Synonym）：Prunus triflora var. spinifera Koehne Prunus staminata Hand.-Mazz. Prunus ichangana C. K. Schneid. Prunus botan André Prunus thibetica Franch. Prunus gymnodonta Koehne Prunus triflora Roxb.
科属（Family & Genus）：蔷薇科（Rosaceae）李属
形态特征（Description）：落叶乔木，高9-12米；树冠广圆形，树皮灰褐色，起伏不平；老枝紫褐色或红褐色，无毛；小枝黄红色，无毛；冬芽卵圆形，红紫色，有数枚覆瓦状排列鳞片，通常无毛，稀鳞片边缘有极稀疏毛。叶片长圆倒卵形、长椭圆形，稀长圆卵形，长6-8（-12）厘米，宽3-5厘米，先端渐尖、急尖或短尾尖，基部楔形，边缘有圆钝重锯齿，常混有单锯齿，幼时齿尖带腺，上面深绿色，有光泽，侧脉6-10对，不达到叶片边缘，与主脉成45°角，两面均无毛，有时下面沿主脉有稀疏柔毛或脉腋有髯毛；托叶膜质，线形，先端渐尖，边缘有腺，早落；叶柄长1-2厘米，通常无毛，顶端有2个腺体或无，有时在叶片基部边缘有腺体。花通常3朵并生；花梗1-2厘米，通常无毛；花直径1.5-2.2厘米；萼筒钟状；萼片长圆卵形，长约5毫米，先端急尖或圆钝，边有疏齿，与萼筒近等长，萼筒和萼片外面均无毛，内面在萼筒基部被疏柔毛；花瓣白色，长圆倒卵形，先端啮蚀状，基部楔形，有明显带紫色脉纹，具短爪，着生在萼筒边缘，比萼筒长2-3倍；雄蕊多数，花丝长短不等，排成不规则2轮，比花瓣短；雌蕊1，柱头盘状，花柱比雄蕊稍长。核果球形、卵球形或近圆锥形，直径3.5-5厘米，栽培品种可达7厘米，黄色或红色，有时为绿色或紫色，梗凹陷入，顶端微尖，基部有纵沟，外被蜡粉；核卵圆形或长圆形，有皱纹。花期4月，果期7-8月。
分布（Distribution）：产西南、陕西、甘肃、湖南、湖北、江苏、浙江、江西、福建、广东、广西和台湾，生于海拔400-2600米山坡灌丛中、山谷疏林中或水边、沟底、路旁等处。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 9 Page 403
Prunus salicina Lindley, Trans. Hort. Soc. London. 7: 239. 1830.
李 li| Rosaceae | Prunus
Trees 9–12 m tall; branchlets, petioles, pedicels, outside base of hypanthium glabrous or densely pubescent. Branches purplish brown to reddish brown; branchlets yellowish red. Winter buds purplish red, usually glabrous or rarely hairy at scale margins. Stipules linear, margin glandular, apex acuminate. Petiole 1–2 cm, apex with 2 nectaries; leaf blade oblong-obovate, narrowly elliptic, or rarely oblong-ovate, 6–8(–12) × 3–5 cm, adaxially dark green and lustrous, base cuneate, margin doubly crenate and often mixed with simple gland-tipped teeth when young, apex acute to shortly caudate; secondary veins 6 or 7 on either side of midvein, not extending to leaf margin. Flowers usually 3 in a fascicle, 1.5–2.2 cm in diam. Pedicel 1–1.5 cm. Sepals oblong-ovate, ca. 5 mm, outside glabrous, margin loosely serrate, apex acute to obtuse. Petals white, oblong-obovate, base cuneate, margin erose near apex. Ovary glabrous. Stigma disc-shaped. Drupe yellow or red, sometimes green or purple, globose, ovoid, or conical, 3.5–5 cm in diam., to 7 cm in diam. in horticultural forms, glaucous; endocarp ovoid to oblong, rugose. Fl. Apr, fr. Jul–Aug.
Sparse forests, forest margins, thickets, scrub, along trails in mountains, stream sides in valleys, also cultivated; 200--2600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Prunus salicina Lindl.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：嘉庆子
异名（Synonym）：Prunus triflora var. spinifera Koehne Prunus staminata Hand.-Mazz. Prunus ichangana C. K. Schneid. Prunus botan André Prunus thibetica Franch. Prunus gymnodonta Koehne Prunus triflora Roxb.
科属（Family & Genus）：蔷薇科（Rosaceae）李属
形态特征（Description）：落叶乔木，高9-12米；树冠广圆形，树皮灰褐色，起伏不平；老枝紫褐色或红褐色，无毛；小枝黄红色，无毛；冬芽卵圆形，红紫色，有数枚覆瓦状排列鳞片，通常无毛，稀鳞片边缘有极稀疏毛。叶片长圆倒卵形、长椭圆形，稀长圆卵形，长6-8（-12）厘米，宽3-5厘米，先端渐尖、急尖或短尾尖，基部楔形，边缘有圆钝重锯齿，常混有单锯齿，幼时齿尖带腺，上面深绿色，有光泽，侧脉6-10对，不达到叶片边缘，与主脉成45°角，两面均无毛，有时下面沿主脉有稀疏柔毛或脉腋有髯毛；托叶膜质，线形，先端渐尖，边缘有腺，早落；叶柄长1-2厘米，通常无毛，顶端有2个腺体或无，有时在叶片基部边缘有腺体。花通常3朵并生；花梗1-2厘米，通常无毛；花直径1.5-2.2厘米；萼筒钟状；萼片长圆卵形，长约5毫米，先端急尖或圆钝，边有疏齿，与萼筒近等长，萼筒和萼片外面均无毛，内面在萼筒基部被疏柔毛；花瓣白色，长圆倒卵形，先端啮蚀状，基部楔形，有明显带紫色脉纹，具短爪，着生在萼筒边缘，比萼筒长2-3倍；雄蕊多数，花丝长短不等，排成不规则2轮，比花瓣短；雌蕊1，柱头盘状，花柱比雄蕊稍长。核果球形、卵球形或近圆锥形，直径3.5-5厘米，栽培品种可达7厘米，黄色或红色，有时为绿色或紫色，梗凹陷入，顶端微尖，基部有纵沟，外被蜡粉；核卵圆形或长圆形，有皱纹。花期4月，果期7-8月。
分布（Distribution）：产西南、陕西、甘肃、湖南、湖北、江苏、浙江、江西、福建、广东、广西和台湾，生于海拔400-2600米山坡灌丛中、山谷疏林中或水边、沟底、路旁等处。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 9 Page 403
Prunus salicina Lindley, Trans. Hort. Soc. London. 7: 239. 1830.
李 li| Rosaceae | Prunus
Trees 9–12 m tall; branchlets, petioles, pedicels, outside base of hypanthium glabrous or densely pubescent. Branches purplish brown to reddish brown; branchlets yellowish red. Winter buds purplish red, usually glabrous or rarely hairy at scale margins. Stipules linear, margin glandular, apex acuminate. Petiole 1–2 cm, apex with 2 nectaries; leaf blade oblong-obovate, narrowly elliptic, or rarely oblong-ovate, 6–8(–12) × 3–5 cm, adaxially dark green and lustrous, base cuneate, margin doubly crenate and often mixed with simple gland-tipped teeth when young, apex acute to shortly caudate; secondary veins 6 or 7 on either side of midvein, not extending to leaf margin. Flowers usually 3 in a fascicle, 1.5–2.2 cm in diam. Pedicel 1–1.5 cm. Sepals oblong-ovate, ca. 5 mm, outside glabrous, margin loosely serrate, apex acute to obtuse. Petals white, oblong-obovate, base cuneate, margin erose near apex. Ovary glabrous. Stigma disc-shaped. Drupe yellow or red, sometimes green or purple, globose, ovoid, or conical, 3.5–5 cm in diam., to 7 cm in diam. in horticultural forms, glaucous; endocarp ovoid to oblong, rugose. Fl. Apr, fr. Jul–Aug.
Sparse forests, forest margins, thickets, scrub, along trails in mountains, stream sides in valleys, also cultivated; 200--2600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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